Experimental alveolar echinococcosis in pigs, lesion development and serological follow up

Liver lesions were found in 6/6 pigs 7 months after oral inoculation with 5000 or 35,000 Echinococcus multilocularis eggs. However, lesion morphology differed considerably among the animals. The largest lesions (3–8 mm in diameter) were found in a single pig and smaller lesions (1.5–3 mm) in three pigs. These lesions were clearly circumscribed and had pronounced central necroses and dystrophic calcifications. In contrast, most of the smallest (usually <1.5 mm in diameter) found in two other pigs, had small compact fibrotic areas and blurred borders with obvious fibrous infiltrations into the interlobular tissues. E. multilocularis specific DNA was detected by PCR in all lesion types, but metacestode viability, as assessed by in vivo intraperitoneal inoculations in jirds, could not be demonstrated. Within 1 month post inoculation, all pigs developed specific IgG antibody responses against a battery of different antigens (metacestode, cyst fluid, and protoscoleces-derived native E. multilocularis and E. granulosus antigens, affinity purified Em2G11 antigen, antigen B, recombinant Em II/3–10 antigen). Two different reaction patterns were recorded. In the two pigs with the small lesions, pronounced reactions against all crude antigens with peaks 3–5 months p.i. and clearly elevated levels until the end of the experiment were noted. In all other pigs, antibody reactions remained low in all cases. In conclusion, we demonstrated two types of E. multilocularis metacestode development in pigs with distinct immunological response patterns.     

陕西省农业清洁生产的现状和对策

阐述了陕西省实施农业清洁生产的重要意义,并针对陕西省在实施农业清洁生产过程中存在的问题,提出了战略措施。     

花生新品种比较试验

对7个花生新品种进行了对比试验,结果表明:豫花15号、花育16号产量位居第1、第2位,且其他经济性状优良,生产上值得推广.     

30年来辽宁省玉米增产因素贡献分析

对30年来辽宁省玉米生产状况资料进行收集和整理,从品种改良、栽培管理和科学技术等角度深入解析辽宁省玉米产量提高的主要原因、技术特征和增产机理,明确了辽宁省玉米产量提高的主要推动力(增加动力是什么)及限制因素(增加限制因素),为今后辽宁省玉米产量提高和产业化生产提供科学合理的参考。     

蠡玉16玉米受旱减产规律及产量与水关系模型研究

以淮北平原地区常用玉米品种蠡玉16为试验材料,采用测坑法进行作物的受旱试验,研究主要农作物不同受旱条件下的减产规律,构建产量与水关系模型。结果表明,蠡玉16玉米关键期受旱对其产量的影响十分显著,轻旱、中旱、重旱的减产率分别为4.3%、36.8%、51.1%,且随着受旱程度的增大减产率剧增;蠡玉16玉米在抽雄灌浆期对水分亏缺最为敏感,敏感指数达0.925 1;其次是拔节期、分蘖期和乳熟期,敏感指数分别为0.126 2、0.066 2和0.003 2。水分亏缺对蠡玉16玉米产量影响最大阶段为抽雄灌浆期,同时也是需水强度最大期。     

新型生猪标识及肉产品可追溯系统的设计和实现

本文介绍一种新型生猪标识的研制,在利用新型生猪标识的基础上,采用信息网络技术、数据库技术、构件化软件设计技术、条形码和电子标识技术,进行生猪可追溯系统的设计,并在生猪养殖场、屠宰场、超市实现并成功示范。同时也介绍了国内外生猪标识的研究以及发达国家可追溯系统的试点及实施情况,为我国生猪和猪内产品可追溯系统建设提供参考,最终实现生猪的安全生产和肉产品的安全消费。     

Hydrodynamic method for estimating production carrying capacity of coastal finfish cage aquaculture in Southeast Asia

This paper presents the development of a simple and generally applicable hydrodynamic method for the estimation of production carrying capacity (PCC) of coastal finfish cage aquaculture. Dimensional analysis was used to find significant and general interdependencies between the hydrodynamics at fish farm locations and particulate wastes deposited on the seafloor by fish farms. Modeled ratios of deposition to emission of particulate wastes underneath fish farms were found to be primarily a function of the flow Reynolds numbers at the farming locations and the non-dimensional settling velocity of emitted wastes. In the non-dimensional model, farming conditions include daily feed rate, proportion of unconsumed feed, and carbon content in feed and fish feces. The relationship can be used to estimate the PCC of floating net cages imposing a threshold value for deposition. Results of in-situ assessments of the benthic impacts of several fish farms in an aquaculture site in the northwest of Bali, Indonesia were used to validate and demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. Predicted results were able to clearly identify fish farms operating beyond ecologically sustainable carrying capacity. The proposed method has broad applicability and could help make decisions regarding the estimation of production potential of individual farms in pristine areas, for providing first estimates in sites that have scarce data, and for assessment, expansion, and optimization of the currently operating aquaculture sites in Southeast Asia, China and potentially other data-poor island nations. As the method relies on dynamic models, it enables straightforward assessments over the entire aquaculture region.     

河北省紫花苜蓿草生产技术规程

为了规范河北省紫花苜蓿的生产,促进河北省畜牧业的可持续发展,依据国家、行业标准,结合河北省紫花苜蓿生产实际情况,对紫花苜蓿生产的环境条件、播种、田间管理、病虫害防治和收获贮存等提出了具体要求。该规程对河北省紫花苜蓿生产具有重要的现实指导意义。     

亲虾人工越冬技术研究——大规模亲虾人工越冬的生产性实验

在天津沿海纬度偏高、秋季降温快的条件下,1990年10月12日至1991年3月15日在津塘育苗场进行了大规模亲虾人工越冬的生产性试验。主要研究内容是:亲虾室内自然交尾的技术研究;适用于生产规模的亲虾人工越冬密度、水温等调控技术的研究;促进性腺适时发育成熟的技术研究。     

听茶谜观茶俗

三峡茶谜是三峡茶文化的重要组成部分,它包括有关茶的谜语和谜歌两部分内容。参与三峡茶谜活动,有助于考察三峡地区传统茶俗,从而加深人们对三峡茶俗的印象。