In Vitro Assessment of the Equine Hoof Wall Strains in Flat Weight Bearing and After Heel Elevation

Horseshoeing is a common practice, but effects on the hoof wall are poorly understood. Strain gauges were used to document and compare hoof behavior in vitro during flat weight bearing and after artificial heel elevation. Ten front limbs of Thoroughbred race horses, shod with conventional flat shoes, were used. Eight strain gauges were symmetrically distributed around the toe, quarters, and heels. Each limb was mounted to a testing machine (Kratos K5002; Kratos Dynamômetros, Ltda., Cotia-SP-Brazil) and subjected to a load equivalent to 30% of the donor's body weight. Strains (μ) were acquired by means of a computerized system and the results compared using Friedman and Wilcoxon statistical tests. There was greater strain variation when the heels were elevated. Compression predominated during flat weight bearing, with a tendency to horizontal traction after heel elevation. The changes in strain caused by heel elevation were not always symmetrical. Elevation of the heels tensed the toe and the medial quarter horizontally, increased load at the posterior portion of the hoof capsule, and hindered its expansion.     

东北亚四国（地区）SMV株系毒力比较

将我国，韩国，日本及俄罗斯远东地区的ＳＭＶ株系与鉴别寄主交互接种测定其毒力。结果指出采用外国的株系鉴别寄坟难以区分我国株系毒力。同样，用我国鉴别寄坟也难以区分外国毒株的毒力，所测定的我国９个株系的１３个代表毒株全部能侵染最抗病的鉴别寄主韩国的Ｂｕｆｆａｌｏ和日本的Ｈａｒｏｊｏｙ。     

中国水稻白叶枯病菌系染色体DNA的RFLP谱型的初析

用２个ＤＮＡ探针ｐＪＥＬ１０１和ｐＢＡＳａｖｒＸａ１０对７８个水稻白叶枯病菌系进行ＲＦＬＰ分型，以分析其群体结构和遗传多样性。分别鉴定出１６种ＲＦＬＰ标记带的谱型。以彼此的带位相似率达８５％为界，可分为簇。参试菌系的群体遗传多样性为０．７７（用ｐＪＥＬ１０１），和０．８３ＲＦＬＰ谱型分析表明：我国多数病原型为杂合组群。白叶枯病菌系的分子表现型的变异，远远大于致病型，两个探针都能有效分析我国菌系的群     

吉林省部分水稻主栽品种抗稻瘟病性的研究

应用我省稻区的82个稻瘟病菌株接种,分析了吉林省历年种植的水稻品种的抗瘟性。结果表明:近几年新育成的品种抗瘟性已有较大的提高,九稻41、通丰8号和九稻33的抗性优异,抗谱在95%以上,九稻44、吉玉粳、丰选2号、九稻46、九稻42、九稻39、超产1号、超级稻1号和通粘8号等品种的抗谱也较高。同一品种对不同地区菌株的抗谱有较大差异,生产上可根据其在不同地区的抗性表现合理搭配种植。     

10个夏季栽培香菇品种的筛选

[目的]筛选出适宜十堰地区生产的夏季栽培香菇(Lentinula edodes)品种。[方法]选择10个夏季栽培香菇品种,分别从菌丝生长情况、农艺性状及产量等方面对菌株进行综合评价。[结果]南山1号及夏18这2个菌株在当地栽培模式与气候条件下具有污染率小、菌丝生长快、产量高等优点。[结论]南山1号及夏18表现较好,推荐作为十堰地区夏季栽培香菇品种。     

茶树菇高效栽培优良菌株筛选试验研究

通过试验对我省主要几个茶树菇菌株在高效栽培过程中的菌丝生长状况、营养生长期、子实体产量和生物学性状等方面进行比较,结果表明,茶树菇5号是适合在我市进行高效栽培的优良菌株。     

塞北兔品系选育初探

根据塞北兔品种特征及其毛色分离现象,组建0世代品系基础群,采用闭锁群体继代选育法进行品系选育。经过5个世代连续选育,塞北兔各品系毛色纯合度逐渐提高,同时各品系的生长发育性状和繁殖性状无显著变化,使原塞北兔种兔群逐渐形成了遗传稳定的野灰色、白色、红黄色3种被毛颜色的群体。     

Application of Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Phosphorus Fertilization Improved Growth,Yield and Nodulation of Soybean in the Sub-humid Hilly Region of Azad Jammu and Kashmir,Pakistan

Two separate experiments (pot and field) were conducted to examine the response of soybean to Bradyrhizobium japonicum and phosphorus (P) fertilization. Different treatments were i) Rhizobium strains (0, S377, S379, and the mixture of S377 + S379 i.e. S₀, S₁, S₂, S₃); ii) phosphorus (field only, 0, 50, 100 kg ha-¹i.e. T₀, T₁, T₂) and iii) two soils (pot only) i.e. autoclaved (A₁) and non-autoclaved (A₀). A soybean cultivar NARC-1 was tested for estimating growth traits, nodule number and mass, root development and yield traits. In the pot experiment, total number of nodules both in the A₀ and A₁ were negligible but increased significantly following the application of Bradyrhizobium japonicum. In the field experiment, number of nodules increased from 6 in the control treatment without strains to a maximum of 86 in S₃T₁. Shoot dry weight increased significantly from 11.8 g plant-¹ in the control soil to 15.6 g plant-¹ in S₃T₁. Root length was increased but root mass was unaffected. Soybean seed yields ranged between 615 and 1003 kg ha-¹ against 543 kg ha-¹ in the control soil indicating a maximum of 85% increase over control. Shoot dry weight and seed yield had significant correlation with nodulation (R² = 0.91). The results of experiments revealed significant positive effects of rhizobium inoculation and P fertilization on growth, nodulation and yield of soybean and, generally, mixture of strains (S₃) was more effective than the strains S₁ and S₂. Results also indicated that high application of P (100 kg P₂O₅ ha-¹) reduced the efficiency of inoculants for nodule mass and seed yield.     

犬瘟热,猫细小病毒,犬腺病毒弱毒株的理化特性及生物学试验

以鸡胚成纤维细胞（ＣＥＦ）、猫肾传代细胞（ＣＲＦＫ）、狗肾传代细胞（ＭＤＣＫ）从引进的疫苗中分别分离到犬瘟热ＣＤＶ－Ａ株、猫细小病毒ＦＰＶ株、犬腺病毒ＣＡＶ１株。对三个弱毒株的细胞病变规律,形态特征,病毒滴度,理化特性,核酸型,血清学交叉反应,本动物的安全性及免疫原性等内容进行了试验。鉴定结果表明,３个弱毒株均可作为制苗用毒种     

天然胶乳微生物凝固菌种的筛选鉴定及其凝固性能的研究

用划线分离的方法从天然胶乳中分离出106株细菌,再从中初筛出16株产酸菌,并通过不同产酸菌对天然胶乳凝固效果复筛实验,最终筛选出3株凝固效果较好的菌种,分别命名为NRC1、NRC2与NRC3。实验结果表明：此3株菌都能有效缩短天然胶乳的凝固时间,并且在凝固过程中具有臭味小,发胀不明显等特d点;单菌种微生物凝固NR和酸凝固NR的性能对比,具有快速塑性值较大,塑性保持率稍低,拉伸性能好等特点。测定3株细菌的16SrDNA序列,并对其进行分子鉴定。结果表明：NRC1与NRC3为克雷伯氏菌属（Klebsiella）,NRC2为变形杆菌属（Proteus）,均属于肠杆菌科。