Advances on studies of miR-21 in vascular endothelial function and angiogenesis

MicroRNAs (miRNAs)are a class of non-coding, endogenous, single-stranded small RNA molecules composed of 19~25 nucleotides. miRNAs are widely involved in the process of human life activities. Recent studies have shown that part of miRNAs regulate the vascular endothelial function and angiogenesis. High expression of miRNA-21 is found to play important roles in the cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, cell growth and death of vascular endothelial cells. This review will focus on the recent progress related to miRNAs in vascular endothelial function and angiogenesis, providing a new insight in cardiovascular disease prevention, clinical diagnosis, prognosis and target therapeutics.     

Effect of tetrandrine on radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells

AIM: To investigate the mechanism of the radiosensitizing effect of maximum non-cytotoxic doses of tetrandrine (Tet) on nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines CNE1 and CNE2.METHODS: The cells were treated with ma-ximum non-cytotoxic doses of Tet (for CNE1 cells at 1.5 μmol/L and for CNE2 cells at 1.8 μmol/L), irradiation at 4 Gy, or combination of irradiation and maximum non-cytotoxic doses of Tet. The cell cycle distribution was analyzed by flow cytometry. The protein levels of γ-H2AX, cleaved caspase-3, p-CDC25C, CDK1, p-CDK1, cyclin B1, ERK and p-ERK were determined by Western blot.RESULTS: The expression of γ-H2AX was increased in CNE1 cells and CNE2 cells after combined treatment with irradiation and maximum non-cytotoxic doses of Tet. The percentages of CNE1 cells and CNE2 cells at G₂/M phase in irradiation group were (18.09±0.42)% and (18.48±1.32)%, respectively, which were decreased to (15.88±1.04)% and (13.80±0.82)% in combined treatment group, respectively (P<0.05). Combined treatment enhanced the increase in the protein level of cleaved caspase-3 caused by irradiation. The protein levels of p-CDC25C and p-CDK1 were increased in a dose-dependent manner by Tet treatment (P<0.05), while the expression of CDK1 showed no difference among different doses of Tet treatments. The protein levels of p-CDC25C, p-CDK1 and CDK1 showed no difference after the treatment with maximum non-cytotoxic doses of Tet. The combined treatment with irradiation and the maximum non-cytotoxic doses of Tet decreased the protein levels of p-CDC25C and p-CDK1 (P<0.05), increased the expression of cyclin B1, and had no influence on the expression of CDK1 (P<0.05). The combined treatment resulted in an increase in the protein level of p-ERK1 (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The maximum non-cytotoxic doses of Tet enhance the DNA damage and apoptosis in CNE1 cells and CNE2 cells caused by irradiation, and the mechanism might be associated with ending of G₂/M arrest via activation of ERK/CDC25C/CDK1/cyclin B1 pathways.     

Identification of resistance to Aspergillus flavus infection in cotton germplasm

Natural resistance in cottonseed to Aspergillus flavus infection has not been explored to date. A green fluorescent protein (GFP) expressing A. flavus strain was used to assess the resistance of seed from 35 cotton varieties from Gossypium arboreum, G. barbadense, and G. hirsutum. Mature cotyledons devoid of seed coat were wounded, inoculated, and assessed for innate resistance to A. flavus infection. Of the initial 35 varieties tested, we observed a range of resistance to infection in representatives of all three species. A subset of 15 representatives was further analyzed. Within this group, G. arboreum cultivar A2 186 and G. hirsutum cultivar SA 1582 were most resistant to fungal infection. The most susceptible cultivar in this group was G. hirsutum SA 1595. The remaining 12 representatives tested in the secondary screen (3 G. arboreum, 3 G. barbadense, and 6 G. hirsutum lines) exhibited intermediate resistance. We did not observe any relationship between species and resistance. Within each species, there was a range of responses to fungal infection. Future studies using this methodology to screen additional diploid and tetraploid cotton lines may enable us to identify naturally resistant germplasm that can be used to develop cotton with enhanced resistance to fungal infection.     

甘蓝型油菜茎秆菌核病抗性与木质素及其单体比例的相关性分析及QTL定位

菌核病是一类非专一性的植物真菌病原菌,寄主范围广泛,严重危害农作物的生产。对高世代重组自交系群体(RIL)及F₂群体终花期茎秆进行菌核病抗性接种鉴定,根据构建的近红外模型对接种鉴定的茎秆木质素含量、单体组分比例进行测定,并进行相关性分析和QTL定位。结果表明在2013年和2014年RIL群体茎秆菌斑大小与木质素含量呈极显著负相关,相关系数分别为–0.348和–0.286,与单体G/S呈显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.198和0.167。2014年F₂群体菌斑大小与木质素含量呈极显著负相关,相关系数为–0.306,与单体G/S相关性为0.142。F_2:3家系抗(感)植株茎部切片间苯三酚染色观察表明抗性较强的材料木质素含量高于抗性较弱的材料。根据已构建的重组自交系高密度SNP遗传图谱,利用复合区间作图法对上述性状进行QTL分析,共检测到18个QTL,其中9个菌核病抗性相关QTL分布于A05、A06、C04和C06染色体,单个QTL可解释的表型变异为2.38%~12.05%;3个木质素含量QTL分别位于A04、A05和C01染色体,单个QTL可解释表型变异的2.03%~13.75%。6个木质素单体G/S QTL分布于A08、C03和C07染色体,单个QTL可解释表型变异的2.06%~8.66%。本文研究结果为油菜菌核病抗性育种提供了新的思路和理论基础。     

复合菌剂G23防治黄瓜疫病的田间试验

为了解决连续使用多年常规化学药剂,易使病菌产生抗药性,对环境和瓜果造成污染的问题,在保护地采用黄瓜根部浇灌法,施用复合菌剂G23对黄瓜疫病进行防治效果试验。稀释1 000倍的G23复合菌剂的平均效果为82.4%~94.9%,平均增产率为42.4%~232.7%。使用G23复合菌剂与百菌清+多菌灵药剂处理组、甲霜灵处理组相比,可使黄瓜平均防效分别提高24.9百分点、72.5百分点,平均增产率提高5.02、02.6百分点。G23复合菌剂在河北、河南对黄瓜疫病的防效均在80.0%以上,防治效果较稳定,增产率较高,这可能是因为G23复合菌剂可在黄瓜根系周围形成抑菌小生境,对土壤中的病菌起到抑制作用。     

基于G1赋权法的油气管道应急预案质量评价

在构建油气管道应急预案质量评价指标体系的基础上,鉴于常见的层次分析法(AHP)对指标赋权所存在的不足,采用G1法对各个指标进行权重赋值,给出了应急预案质量评定分值的求取方法、评判等级划分及其不同的应急预案质量完善策略。研究结果对如何评价油气管道应急预案的质量提供了方法指导,同时对应急预案的维护与修订提供了决策支持。     

播期对洛麦21生长发育的影响

对洛麦21的生育规律进行了研究。结果表明:洛麦21的幼穗分化总体表现为前期慢、后期快,随着播期的推迟,幼穗分化的时间缩短。平均灌浆速率在1.453~1.697之间,在10月4日播种下平均灌浆速率最大,灌浆时间35~38 d,千粒重稳定在45 g以上。针对灌浆速率而言,以10月上旬适期播种对洛麦21最为有利。洛麦21主要依靠主茎和第1、2个一级分蘖成穗。随着播期的推迟,洛麦21的总分蘖数明显降低,成穗率提高。以10月14日播种的产量最高。     

银杏壳中类黄酮的提取工艺研究

[目的]研究银杏壳中类黄酮的提取工艺条件。[方法]采用乙醇水溶液作提取溶剂来提取银杏壳中的类黄酮,通过单因素试验考察提取时间、乙醇浓度、料液比和提取温度等主要因素对银杏类黄酮提取的影响,并采用正交试验确定传统醇提取法和微波协同萃取法提取银杏壳中类黄酮的最佳工艺条件。[结果]传统醇提取法的最佳条件为:提取温度为60℃,乙醇浓度为75%,料液比为1∶45(W/V,g/ml,下同),提取时间为2 h;在此条件下,类黄酮的得率为0.503 4%。微波法提取银杏壳中类黄酮的最佳条件为:微波温度为60℃,乙醇浓度45%,料液比1∶30,微波提取时间480 s;在此条件下,类黄酮得率为0.815%。[结论]微波提取法操作极为简便迅速,是一种快速、高效、节能的新型提取工艺,与传统醇提法比较,有一定的优越性。     

不同密度对半滑舌鳎生长和血液生化指标的影响

试验分为低(2.32 kg.m-2)、中(4.83 kg.m-2)和高(8.20 kg.m-2)3个密度,每个梯度3个重复。结果表明,经过56 d的饲养,高密度组的末体重、平均增重率、特定生长率、摄食率显著低于低、中密度组(P<0.05),高密度组饲料系数显著高于低密度组(P<0.05),高密度组显著低于中、低密度组(P<0.05);在抗氧化指标方面,高密度组肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的比活力显著低于中、低密度组(P<0.05),SOD活力在其他组织中差异不显著(P>0.05),过氧化氢酶(CAT)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)和丙二醛(MDA)在各组织中的差异均不显著(P>0.05);溶菌酶活力随着密度的升高而降低,低密度组显著高于中、高密度组(P<0.05),补体C3、C4含量随密度的升高而降低,各密度组之间差异显著(P<0.05)。白球比值(A/G)、甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(CHO)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(Alb)、葡萄糖(Glu)在各密度之间差异不显著(P>0.05),丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)低密度组显著低于高密度组(P<0.05),天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)低、中密度组显著低于高密度组(P<0.05)。当养殖密度达到8.20 kg.m-2时,机体健康会产生负面影响。     

感染甘薯小象甲白僵菌菌株的初步筛选

甘薯小象甲是甘薯的主要害虫之一。为筛选对小象甲的优良生防菌株,对分离自不同寄主的8株白僵菌进行了产孢量、孢子萌发率等生物学指标研究;采用浸渍法,进行了白僵菌对甘薯小象甲成虫侵染能力的初步筛选。结果表明：白僵菌菌株Gxj-10和Xwy-1感染甘薯小象甲成虫15 d的校正死亡率分别为82.1%和60.7%,表现出较强的致病力,且在培养过程中产孢量较高。2株菌株在防治甘薯小象甲方面具有较强的研究与应用价值。