黄芩悬浮细胞培养过程中黄芩苷含量与POD活性的相关性分析

以黄芩悬浮细胞为材料,研究其生长过程中过氧化物酶(POD)活性变化规律及其与黄芩苷次生合成之间的关系。结果表明,在黄芩悬浮细胞生长周期(21 d)内,POD活性与黄芩苷的积累呈正相关。在黄芩悬浮细胞生长周期的前6 d,悬浮细胞处于适应期,POD低水平表达,黄芩苷合成缓慢;6~15 d,悬浮细胞处于增长期,POD高水平表达,并到达最大值,期间黄芩苷迅速合成;15~21 d,悬浮细胞进入饱和期,此时POD活性降低,黄芩苷合成几乎停止。采用L9(34)正交表优化培养基中6-BA、碳源、氮源、p H的配比,筛选POD活性表达最优的培养条件为:6-BA 3 mg/L、碳源15 g/L蔗糖+15 g/L葡萄糖、氮源(NH4+)30 mmol/L、p H 5.6。     

Spatial and temporal variability in vegetation cover of Mongolia and its implications

In this paper, we attempted to determine the most stable or unstable regions of vegetation cover in Mongolia and their spatio-temporal dynamics using Terra/MODIS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI) dataset, which had a 250-m spatial resolution and comprised 6 periods of 16-day composited temporal resolution data(from 10 June to 13 September) for summer seasons from 2000 to 2012. We also used precipitation data as well as biomass data from 12 meteorological stations located in 4 largest natural zones of Mongolia. Our study showed that taiga and forest steppe zones had relatively stable vegetation cover because of forest characteristics and relatively high precipitation. The highest coefficient of variation(CV) of vegetation cover occurred frequently in the steppe and desert steppe zones, mainly depending on variation of precipitation. Our results showed that spatial and temporal variability in vegetation cover(NDVI or plant biomass) of Mongolia was highly dependent on the amount, distribution and CV of precipitation. This suggests that the lowest inter-annual CV of NDVI can occur during wet periods of growing season or in high precipitation regions, while the highest inter-annual CV of NDVI can occur during dry periods and in low precipitation regions. Although the desert zone received less precipitation than other natural zones of the country, it had relatively low variation compared to the steppe and desert steppe, which could be attributed to the very sparse vegetation in the desert.     

皇甫川流域单株本氏针茅的蒸腾模型

采用快速离体称重法,测定皇甫川流域本氏针茅每日6:00-19:00蒸腾强度的日动态;用自动气象站同步连续监测太阳总辐射、空气温度、空气相对湿度、风速、10 cm处土壤温度等环境因子;用LI-6400便携式光合系统同步测定本氏针茅每日6:00-19:00的叶蒸腾速率、气孔导度等因子,并用Excel 2003,Visual C++6.0和SPSS 13.0处理所测定数据.通过分析本氏针茅每1 h单株蒸腾量与环境因子以及植物特性因子之间的关系,建立了皇甫川流域单株本氏针茅瞬时蒸腾量数学模型.通过对模型评价指标进行计算及分析,认为该模型拟合优度较好,可以获得满意的数值模拟结果.在此基础上,建立了单株本氏针茅的日蒸腾量数学模型.     

Variations in the morphological characteristics of Stipa tenacissima fiber: The case of Tunisia

Esparto fibers are cellulose-based fibers extracted from esparto (Stipa tenacissima) leaves. Morphological characteristics (length, width, and coarseness) of esparto fibers are analyzed in relation to growing conditions and plant biology. Seven localized sites in Kasserine in central western Tunisia are examined. The analysis of variance showed that all investigated characteristics vary significantly with site, season, and leaf level. Leaves reach minimum level in winter and maximum level in fall. Fiber differentiation is closely related to the vegetative cycle. Fibers are short and wide at the leaf base (basal level) and grow longer and thinner above the leaf. Results on the raw material (esparto leaves) were confirmed by results on esparto pulp.     

黄芩根围AM真菌分布与土壤碳氮相关性研究

为探讨丛枝菌根(AM)真菌分布与土壤碳氮含量动态变化之间的关系,于2010年6-10月每月分别从河北省安国市中药材种植基地、霍庄和常庄黄芩(Scutellaria baicalensis)种植地采集土壤样品,分析测定了黄芩根围AM真菌各结构定殖率、孢子密度、球囊霉素和土壤碳氮含量.结果表明:黄芩根系能与AM真菌形成良好...     

不同加工方式针茅草对绵羊干物质采食、消化及瘤胃内环境的影响

本试验旨在研究针茅草的不同加工方式对绵羊采食、消化及瘤胃内环境的影响。选用体重[(45±2)kg]、年龄(1.5~2.0岁)相近安装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的乌珠穆沁羯羊48只,随机分为4组,每组12只,分析干草、草颗粒、草块、草粉4种加工方式的针茅草对绵羊干物质采食量、表观消化率及瘤胃液pH及总氮、氨氮、总可利用氮、挥发性脂肪酸浓度的影响。预试期10 d,正试期7 d。结果表明:1)针茅草颗粒的干物质采食量及表观消化率显著高于其他组(P0.05)。2)与其他各组相比,针茅草颗粒组的绵羊食后1 h瘤胃液pH显著降低(P0.05),总氮、氨氮和总可利用氮浓度较高。3)草颗粒组的瘤胃液总挥发性脂肪酸浓度显著高于干草和草粉组(P0.05)。由此可见,针茅草颗粒的干物质采食量、表观消化率以及在绵羊瘤胃内的发酵指标均较优,是饲喂绵羊的最佳利用形态。     

不同载畜率对短花针茅荒漠草原建群种空间异质性的影响

为探讨短花针茅(Stipa breviflora)荒漠草原建群种空间异质性在不同载畜率下的变化特点和差异,本研究以内蒙古自治区乌兰察布盟四子王旗内蒙古农牧业科学院试验基地的短花针茅种群为研究对象,采用半方差函数、分形维数和克里格差值方法进行系统研究,结果如下:短花针茅种群空间异质性随载畜率的增大呈增大趋势。轻度放牧(LG)和重度放牧(HG)处理区短花针茅种群空间分布主要受结构性因素影响,但表现结果的影响过程存在差异;中度放牧(MG)处理区短花针茅种群空间分布除结构性因素占主导地位外,放牧家畜的随机性牧食行为也占较大比重。     

不同产地黄芩中黄芩苷含量的对比研究

目的：对不同产地黄芩中的黄芩苷含量进行比较研究。方法：用高效液相色谱法,测定不同产地（河北承德、山西岚县）黄芩中黄芩苷的含量。结果：河北承德产黄芩中黄芩苷含量为302.547 mg/g,山西岚县产黄芩中黄芩苷的含量为246.588 mg/g,经配对t检验分析,结果表明t=21459.30,显著因子Sig.=0.001〈0.01,组间均值差异极显著,这两地产黄芩中黄芩苷含量差异极显著。结论：以黄芩苷含量为考察指标,河北承德产黄芩要优于山西岚县产黄芩。     

黄芩栽培技术

黄芩(Scutellaria baicalensis Genorgi),为唇形科黄芩属植物,黑龙江大部分地区均有分布,质量较好。但人工栽培在黑龙江省发展较慢,仅有少量种植,为适应林区经济发展,应大力推广在林下栽培经济植物黄芩。     

氮素和水分添加对荒漠草原短花针茅氮磷特征的影响

植物氮(N),磷(P)含量特征为研究植物的养分利用状况提供了重要的手段.为判断草地生态系统植被限制性元素及对环境的适应策略,在短花针茅荒漠草原的自由放牧区进行了N和水分添加试验,研究在N和水分添加条件下优势植物短花针茅叶的N,P含量及其化学计量特征.通过对N添加,水添加和N水同时添加3个处理的测定表明,短花针茅通过提高叶N含量来增强对贫瘠生境的适应能力.N和水分是影响短花针茅N吸收的限制因子.短花针茅叶N,P含量及N:P对N添加和水添加的响应在成熟期较枯萎期敏感;N对成熟期叶的N,P含量,N:P以及枯萎期的N:P有显著影响,而水分仅对成熟期叶的N,P含量有影响.