提取菲醌方法研究

采用先处理酸碱深性杂质，改进了亚硫酸氢钠提取方法，产率由７０．４提高到７８．９％，将菲醌与亚硫酸氢钠物质的量比由１：７．０缩小到１：１．８，为降低成本提供了实验依据。     

1,1—二甲基—7—异丙基—1,2,3,4—四氢萘—6—磺酸钠的合成

文章探讨了１，１－二甲基－７－异丙基－１，２，３，４－四氢萘－６－磺酸钠合成的磺化工艺。通过实验室的试验，确定了适宜的工艺条件，１，１－二甲基－７－惜内基－１，２，３，４，－四四氢萘与浓度硫酸的配比为１：１０．５（ｍｏｌ比），反应温度９０±２℃，反应时间２０ｍｉｎ，产品得率达８０．３％。同时测定了产物表面活性性能，可用作表面活性剂。     

Semi-quantitative method to evaluate the α-carbonyl content in lignin

A method to estimate the content of -carbonyl structures in lignin was developed. This method consists of two successive treatments: NaBD₄ treatment of pulp to reduce an -carbonyl structure in lignin, and nitrobenzene oxidation. NaBD₄ was used to convert an -carbonyl structure to a deuterium-labeled hydroxymethine structure. The ratio of D-vanillin [(HO)(H₃CO)C₆H₃CDO] to H-vanillin [(HO)(H₃CO)C₆H₃CHO] or that of their syringyl analogues obtained by nitrobenzene oxidation was used as the measure of the content of -carbonyl structure. Model experiments demonstrated that when sodium hydroxide was used as alkali for the nitrobenzene oxidation, the retention of deuterium at the side chain -position was very low due to the displacement of deuterium with hydrogen by an unknown reaction mechanism. In order to depress this unexpected displacement, the reaction conditions of the nitrobenzene oxidation were modified. The modified nitrobenzene oxidation employs 0.5mol/l of lithium hydroxide as a reaction medium instead of 2.0mol/l sodium hydroxide. By this modification, this method could successfully trace the formation and the degradation of the -carbonyl structure in milled wood lignins.This paper was presented in part at the 11th International Symposium on Wood and Pulping Chemistry, Nice, France, June 2001 and at the 46th Lignin Symposium, Kyoto, Japan, November 2001     

快速固化水泥刨花板的工艺试验

以速生杉木加工剩余物为主要原料、Na2SiO3为快速固化添加剂制备水泥刨花板,研究了冷、热压两种压板方式、Na2SiO3添加量、热压温度、热压时间、水灰比、灰木比、水泥种类和刨花形态等因素对水泥刨花板主要性能的影响.结果表明,热压法可适用于水泥刨花板制造,最佳工艺条件为:Na2SiO3添加量10%、热压温度95℃、热压时间12 min、水灰比0.6、灰木比2.6,制备的水泥刨花板的静曲强度达到10 MPa;采用MgCl2后处理能显著改善板的性能.     

胶合板用硅镁系环保无机胶黏剂制备与阻燃性能研究

以硅酸钠、硅酸铝、氧化镁和硅烷偶联剂为原料,制备胶合板用硅镁系硅酸盐无机胶黏剂。采用单因素试验和正交试验考察了主要成分用量对胶黏剂的胶合性能的影响,并采用锥形量热分析技术和热重法分别测试其阻燃抑烟性能以及耐热性能。结果表明,当硅酸钠的质量分数为92.5%,硅酸铝的质量分数为4.7%,氧化镁的质量分数为2.8%,硅烷偶联剂的百分比含量为0.6%(相对于硅酸钠的质量而言)时,改性胶黏剂的综合性能最好,其胶合强度达到0.85MPa,阻燃抑烟性能效果显著,热释放总量和热释放速率明显降低。     

火焰原子吸收法测定黄豆酱中钠的不确定度评定

[目的]更科学合理地表示微波消解-空气-乙炔火焰原子吸收法测定食品中钠含量的测量结果。[方法]根据JJF1059．1—2012《测量不确定度评定与表示》规范要求,以火焰原子吸收法测定黄豆酱中钠为例对测量不确定度进行评定。[结果]分析表明,影响测量结果的主要因素依次为试剂空白、标准物质和仪器测量时标准曲线的拟合;消解液的定容以及稀释引入的不确定度次之。用该法测得黄豆酱中钠含量为17627mg/kg,扩展不确定度为1128mg／kg（95％,k=2）。[结论]该评价方法及结果对营养标签中钠的准确标示有一定的指导意义。     

硝酸钠浓度对亚心形扁藻生长及油脂与淀粉含量的影响

[目的]确定硝酸钠浓度对亚心形扁藻生长及油脂和淀粉含量的影响.[方法]以亚心形扁藻作为试验材料,以海洋微藻培养常用的普适性康维方营养液为基础,考察硝酸钠质量浓度为10 mg/L、60 mg/L、110 mg/L、160 mg/L和210 mg/L的培养基对亚心形扁藻生长及油脂和淀粉含量的影响.[结果]当硝酸钠浓度为10 mg/L时,有利于油脂、淀粉的合成,但此时扁藻生长慢,生物量低,使得这些生物组分的总产量低;当硝酸钠质量浓度为60 mg/L时,油脂和淀粉含量较高,并且扁藻生长快,油脂、淀粉的总产量高;继续增加硝酸钠浓度时,扁藻生物量和各组分含量基本不变.[结论]从微藻生物能源角度考虑,60 mg/L的硝酸钠质量浓度是培养亚心形扁藻的优化浓度.     

双乙酸钠在肉鸭日粮中的添饲效果试验

选用1日龄健康樱桃谷肉鸭600只,随机分为3组,每组设4个重复,每个重复50只肉鸭,试验采用单因素完全随机试验设计。A组饲喂基础日粮,B组、C组在基础日粮的基础上分别添加0.2%、0.4%的双乙酸钠。试验结果表明:日粮中添加双乙酸钠对肉鸭日增重、瘦肉率有显著影响(P<0.05);对肉鸭的饲料转化率有极显著影响(P<0.01);对肉鸭的成活率和屠宰率、皮脂率无显著影响(P>0.05)。B组日增重比A组提高了8.65%(P<0.05),比C组提高了5.45%(P>0.05);B组料肉比较A组降低了11.52%(P<0.01),较C组降低了3.29%(P<0.05);B组的成活率与A组、C组间差异不显著(P>0.05);B组每只肉鸭分别比A、C组多盈利1.04元、1.06元。     

室外型中密度纤维板用黑荆树单宁胶粘剂的研制

采用亚硫酸钠和三聚氰胺-尿素-甲醛预缩液对黑荆树单宁胶粘剂进行改性处理,制备具有良好的耐水性能和胶合性能的单宁胶粘剂。通过小试说明该胶粘剂在压制室外型中密度纤维板的可行性。     

The effects of delays between restraint and sampling on some blood parameters in sheep

Twenty three non pregnant, non lactating aged Merino and Border Leicester ewes were subject to four jugular venipunctures one hour apart (times 0, 1, 2 and 3). Four different delay intervals of 12.5, 64.0, 128.0 and 252.9 seconds between catching and sampling (delays 1, 2, 3 and 4) were used on each sheep in a random manner. Estimates were made of packed cell volumes (PCVs), plasma and erythrocyte sodium and potassium concentrations. The mean PCV at time 0 of 35.4 per cent was significantly higher than the levels of 33.1, 31.8 and 32.2 per cent at times 1, 2 and 3 respectively. There was no significant difference between the means at times 1, 2 and 3. The mean plasma potassium concentrations at time 0 of 4.37 mmol/l was significantly higher than the levels of 4.16 and 4.14 mmol/l at times 1 and 3 respectively. Delays had no significant effects on the means of any of the parameters studied. The findings strongly suggest that sheep become excited by initial handling but not by subsequent venipunctures and that a delay between catching and sampling of between 12.5 and 252.9 second has no effect on the blood constituents studied.