小麦沼液浸种效果试验

为了探索小麦沼液浸种的效果,2010年在核桃庄乡进行了小麦沼液浸种效果试验。试验表明,小麦沼液浸种后,发芽势和发芽率明显提高,各生育期明显缩短,永久根显著增加,浸种后植株健壮,单位面积穗数、穗长、穗粒数、千粒重、单位面积产量分别比对照组增加4.8%、5.7%、4.6%、3.5%、13%。增产效果显著,应在生产中推广应用。     

护苗种衣剂包衣稻种循环水浸种试验初报

通过对水稻护苗种衣剂包衣稻种采用"循环水浸种技术",测试药剂脱落对防病效果影响情况,结果表明:利用有氧恒温浸种机浸种或循环泵浸种,不会造成严重的药剂脱落现象,不会影响药剂的防病效果,而且还可以提高浸种质量,提高籽粒发芽势和出苗率,使得水稻出苗快且整齐。     

Water penetration into rice grains during soaking observed by gradient echo magnetic resonance imaging

The water penetration into a rice grain during soaking was monitored by three-dimensional gradient echo magnetic resonance imaging, which has the advantage of a short measurement time and a sufficient sensitivity for low-moisture samples. The water penetration route was compared between the milled and brown rice grains of two japonica cultivars. In normal milled rice grains of Koshihikari, water first penetrated the ventral side surface and the embryo attachment site of the endosperm, then migrated along the central line and transverse cracks, and finally diffused to all parts of the endosperm. In milled rice grains of Yamadanishiki with a white core, water quickly infiltrated into the cracks or chalky parts on the dorsiventral line and then diffused to the lateral side. In brown rice grains of both cultivars water penetrated extremely slowly and did not infiltrate directly into transverse cracks or the white core due to inhibition by the pericarp and seed coat. The central part of every grain allowed more water to penetrate. The route, pattern and speed of water penetration were determined by the morphological structure, crack formation and hardness distribution associated with the packing of the starch granules in the grain.     

水稻种衣剂及浸种剂试验总结

试验对卫福200FF、卫福200WP、稻奥真等种衣剂及快丰收、扑霉灵、使百克等浸种药剂在水稻种子消毒过程中的应用进行对比,通过对各处理秧苗素质、病害发生情况及经济性状的调查,得出卫福200FF、卫福200WP、使百克、快丰收等药剂在2007年的试验中表现较好,其中卫福200WP产量最高达到505 kg/667 m2。     

药剂处理种栽及生物防治白术根腐病研究

[目的]研究药剂处理及生物防治白术根腐病的效果。[方法]用多菌灵浸、拌种栽,收获时调查根茎腐烂率和根茎产量。多菌灵、百坦、粉锈宁拌种,设不拌药对照,播后不同时期调查死苗率。用6个菌株悬浮液浸种,收获时调查根茎腐烂率,实测根茎产量。[结果]多菌灵处理有明显防病效果,浸种优于拌种,防效分别为54.1%和37.7%。百坦拌种的效果最佳,依次为粉锈宁、多菌灵,三者播后70 d的防效分别为100.0%、83.6%、53.9%;但播后130 d 3种药剂均已基本无效。芽孢杆菌B-5和B-6的防治效果极显著,分别为77.6%和79.2%,根茎增产分别为59.8%和76.8%。[结论]播种前药剂处理种栽,能有效地防治白术根腐病,但药剂的持效期有限;百坦、粉锈宁拌种的效果优于多菌灵。两个菌株悬浮液防效显著。     

水稻恶苗病菌在浸种过程中的扩散

研究表明 ,稻恶苗病带菌种子在浸种液中 ,恶苗病菌小型分生孢子的数量与种子带菌率的高低、浸种时间的长短成正相关 ;由于稻种中寄藏的恶苗病菌在水中产生大量分生孢子 ,使得水稻种子带菌率明显提高 ,苗期恶苗病发病率也显著增加     

华北驼绒藜雨季移栽成活率研究

本文是不同季节移栽华北驼绒藜(Ceratoides arborescens)系列研究之一。干旱区春季生态建植有补水之苦,雨季移栽表明,不需坐水或补水,成活率可高达60%,浸根可提高成活率至90%;说明雨季移栽是可行的。移栽植株数日内叶片含水量和叶绿素含量急剧下降、脯氨酸含量骤然升高,含量恢复过程则较缓慢,说明移栽使植株突然损伤,但终能恢复至正常生理状态。     

浸种时间和温度对黔辣3号种子吸水与萌发的影响

研究了黔辣3号不同浸种温度与时间对种子吸水率的影响及在24℃条件下浸种不同时间对发芽率的影响。研究结果表明,水温24℃,浸种2~3 d,辣椒种子的发芽率高,胚根、胚轴的生长发育良好,有利于提高椒苗质量,培育辣椒壮苗。     

The Effect of Soaking on Carbohydrate Removal and Dry Matter Loss in Orchardgrass and Alfalfa Hays

The objective of this research was to determine the impact of water temperature and soaking length on removal of nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) fractions and dry matter (DM) from legume and cool-season grass hays. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with six replications. Hay types included bud and flowering alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and vegetative and flowering orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.). Flakes were submerged for 15, 30, and 60 minutes in 25 L of cold (22°C) water, warm (39°C) water, and 12 hours in cold water, respectively. Water temperature at each soaking duration did not affect residual NSC fractions in alfalfa hays. Flowering and vegetative orchardgrass hays soaked for 30 and 60 minutes, respectively, in warm water had greater (P < .001) amounts of NSC fraction removal compared with soaking in cold water. Soaking bud and flowering alfalfa and vegetative orchardgrass hays for ≥15 minutes removed more NSC fractions compared with the control (P ≤ .005); however, soaking for 15-60 minutes resulted in similar NSC fraction removal. Conversely, in flowering orchardgrass hay, longer soaking times resulted in greater (P < .001) NSC fraction removal. Fructan removal in orchardgrass hay was greatest (P < .001) after soaking for 12 hours. DM losses were similar among hays after soaking for 15-60 minutes, but were greatest after soaking for 12 hours (P < .001). Soaking grass hay for 15-30 minutes is recommended to remove sufficient NSC fractions while minimizing DM losses.     

浸种温度及时间对小根蒜种子发芽的影响

[目的]研究浸种温度及时间对小根蒜(Allium macrostemon Bunge)种子发芽的影响,确定适合其发芽的温度和用水浸种的时间。[方法]采用普通培养皿发芽法。浸泡温度试验中小根蒜种子在8、14、22、26℃下用蒸馏水浸泡40 min;浸泡时间试验中小根蒜种子分别于22℃下用蒸馏水浸泡10、20、30、40、50、60 min,不浸泡种子为对照(CK)。[结果]影响小根蒜种子发芽的因素主要是温度。14℃有利于小根蒜种子发芽,低于或高于14℃均不利于其种发芽。浸种20 min以上都能提高小根蒜种子的发芽率,而浸种40 min的小根蒜种子发芽率是最高的。[结论]在14℃下用蒸馏水浸种40 min后小根蒜种子发芽速度最快。