利用黄瓜远缘群体遗传连锁图谱进行始花节位定位

利用黄瓜远缘群体的分子遗传连锁图谱,对雌花节位性状进行了QTL定位。共找到8个控制雌花节位的QTL位点:ff-1、ff-2、ff-3、ff-4、ff-5、ff-6、ff-7、ff-8,分别位于LG2、LG3、LG6、LG7连锁群上,这些QTL位点对雌花节位性状表型变异贡献率分别为81.6%、81.0%、81.0%、80.0%、80.6%、81.1%、81.0%、80.7%,其中ff-1、ff-2、ff-5、ff-6、ff-7、ff-8加性效应值为正,为增效加性效应,ff-3、ff-4加性效应值为负,是减效加性效应。     

Role of chlorogenic acid in endothelial dysfunction in db/db mice

AIM: To explore the effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA) on endothelial dysfunction in db/db mice and the possible mechanism. METHODS: Male db/db mice (n=12) were divided into control group and CGA group, with 6 mice in each group. The mice in CGA group were treated with diet containing 0.02% CGA, while the mice in control group were given normal diet only. The observation period was 12 weeks. Fasting blood glucose level, tail blood pressure and the body weight were analyzed each week. At the end of the 12th week, the mice were anesthetized and blood was taken from carotid artery. The plasma levels of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), catalase (CAT), NAD(P)H dehydrogenase quinone 1 (NQO1) and glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx-1) were measured by ELISA. The mouse aortas were isolated, and the superoxide anion and nitric oxide (NO) levels were measured by DHE and DAF-2 DA staining, respectively. Wire Myograph System was used to detect the vasorelaxation of db/db mouse aorta. The protein levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK), phosphorylated endothelial NO synthase (p-eNOS), P22^phox and P47^phox were determined by Western blot. RESULTS: Dietary CGA decreased fasting blood glucose and body weight in db/db mice as compared with control group (P<0.01 or P<0.05). The plasma levels of HO-1, CAT, NQO1 and GPx-1 in CGA group were higher than those in control group (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Administration of CGA for 12 weeks attenuated superoxide anion level, increased NO level in the mouse endothelium and improved endothelium-dependent relaxation of the db/db mouse aorta. CGA also increased the protein levels of PPARα, Nrf2, p-AMPK and p-eNOS, and decreased P22^phox and P47^phox levels (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Dietary CGA improves db/db mouse endothelium-dependent relaxation. This effect may be related to the increases in the levels of antioxidant molecules PPARα, Nrf2 and p-AMPK, and the up-regulation of antioxidant capacity, thus decreasing the oxidative stress, promoting eNOS phosphorylation, and increasing NO level.     

葡萄实生树开花节位与内源激素变化的关系

 采用酶联免疫法( ELISA) 分析了巨峰葡萄2年生自然实生树不同节位芽中内源赤霉素(GA₃和GA_{4 + 7} ) 、吲哚乙酸( IAA) 、脱落酸(ABA) 、玉米素核苷(ZR) 和异戊基腺嘌呤( iPA) 的含量; 并对实生树自然条件下最低成花节位进行了调查。结果表明, 2年生巨峰实生树在20节左右进入生殖生长阶段, GA₃和GA_{4 + 7}的含量随着节位升高而降低, ABA的含量却急剧增加, 但在第31～35节又降到很低;ABA /GA₃和ABA /GA_{4 + 7}在16～20 节前变化不大, 而在此之后, 都一致表现出上升的趋势, 这反映了以GA₃或GA_{4 + 7}为基数的比值, 可以更明显地反应激素的变化及其与巨峰葡萄阶段转变的关系。     

甜瓜结实花初花节位QTL分析

 以WI998为母本（纯雌株、厚皮网纹甜瓜品系）,TopMark为父本（雄全同株纯合品系）,配置杂交组合,利用单粒传得到171个株系的重组自交系（F₂S₄）群体构建甜瓜SSR分子标记遗传连锁图谱。该连锁图谱包含19个连锁群,覆盖基因组长度为1 414.2 cM,标记间平均距离为10.2 cM。对结实花初花节位开展QTL分析,共检测到9个QTL,分别分布在第1、9、10、11连锁群上,各QTL的LOD值在2.89 ~ 9.42之间,4个QTL贡献率超过10%。位于第9连锁群的QTL Fp9.4贡献率最大,为18.57%（2010秋季LOD = 9.17）;位于第9连锁群的Fp9.3（2010春季8.64%,LOD = 6.44;2010秋季17.99%,LOD = 9.42）,位于第10连锁群的Fp10.1（2010春季3.59%,LOD = 2.89;2010秋季6.20%,LOD = 3.43）在两季的位置都很稳定。获得与结实花初花节位紧密连锁（< 10 cM）的8个特异标记（SSR01737、MU141991、TJ105、GCM206、SSR04910、MU173563、NR52、MU146331）,为进一步开展QTL精细定位提供参考。     

膜荚黄芪子叶节植株再生体系的建立

以膜荚黄芪无菌苗子叶节为外植体,建立了简单、高效和稳定的膜荚黄芪再生体系。结果表明:不定芽诱导的最适培养基是MS+6-BA 1.0mg/L+NAA 0.10mg/L,每个子叶节外植体平均出芽数为3个以上,再生频率达75.5%;生根最适培养基为1/2MS+IBA 0.5mg/L;移栽后成活率达75%以上。     

Mechanism of endothelial microparticle generation in hypertension and its pathophysiological roles

Hypertension is closely related to many target organ damage. Endothelial microparticles (EMPs), derived from endothelial cells in response to endothelial cell activation or apoptosis, are complex vesicular structures with a membrane skeleton and express various antigens specific to parental endothelial cells. EMPs circulate in human plasma and show elevated levels in many vascular damage diseases, such as hypertension, atherosclerotic vascular diseases, sepsis and diabetes. Recent studies have shown that EMPs could be a comprehensive index for endothelial homeostasis monitoring, such as vasomotor activity, anti-inflammatory status and so on. Especially, more and more evidence suggests that EMPs play an important role in hypertension. Patients with hypertension show higher circulating levels of EMPs compared with healthy controls. Furthermore, increasing evidence demonstrates that EMPs can induce endothelial dysfunction in vitro and in vivo, and then further promote the development of hypertension and its complications. This review will summarize the progress in the definition and formation mechanisms of EMPs, levels of EMPs and their phenotypes in patients with hypertension, and the pathophysiological roles of EMPs in hypertension.     

基于WSN的温室环境监测节点设计

设计了一种带扩展板的无线传感器网络监测节点,节点以CC2430为核心,采用ZigBee技术实现无线传感器网络自组网和监测数据的自动汇聚,实现了无线传输、自适应组网、自动发现新加节点和失效节点、传感器类型可扩展、实时密集监测等功能,且具有功耗小、成本低、精度高、稳定性好等优点。     

奶牛难产激发应激性急性肾上腺皮质功能不全——心衰、水电解质严重失调辩析

应激性急性肾上腺皮质功能不全症的病理机制十分复杂,目前人医的各类文献中大都以“垂体—肾上腺轴”功能不全、功能衰竭、或发生广泛性出血坏死性病演作解释。本病在奶牛分娩难产过程中并不少见,病牛的症状表现以心衰和失钠性低血症为主征。但在兽医临床上由于认识不足,曾有不少中外学者将奶牛产后卧地不起的各类疾病,含糊地统称为“母牛睡倒爬不起来综合征”;更由于救治不当,病牛常以淘汰或死亡告终。本文通过对一具体典型病例辨析,着重讨论了本病的基本病理反应和确立诊断依据,强调对本病救护施治时应遵循的基本原则,供同道们在分析和解决这一实际问题时参考。     

玉米单倍体胚芽鞘节组织培养特性研究

【目的】研究玉米单倍体胚芽鞘节组织培养特性,为单倍体加倍提供一条新的途径。【方法】以Reid群、黄早四群和温热Ⅰ群群内杂交20个组合的单倍体胚芽鞘节为外植体,分析愈伤组织的诱导率和分化率,并对再生植株根尖染色体数目进行观察和花粉育性分析;同时使用SSR分子标记,分析再生植株的基因型。【结果】Reid群和黄早四群的单倍体芽鞘胚节愈伤组织的诱导率比温热Ⅰ群高,达极显著水平;共获得15株单倍体植株,根尖染色体数目为10;I-KI染色发现,散粉的花药,其花粉为部分可育;15株单倍体植株的遗传稳定,未见变异。【结论】Reid群和黄早四群的单倍体胚芽鞘节组培特性较好,温热Ⅰ群较差;组织培养产生的单倍体植株遗传型均来自双亲的重组类型。建立了玉米单倍体胚芽鞘节组织培养体系。