配种后梅花鹿血液中LH和FSH变化的研究

为了探索梅花鹿配种后的血液中LH和FSH变化规律,本试验采集了4头配种后梅花鹿的血样,采用RIA方法对血清中LH和FSH的含量进行了测定。研究结果表明:在配种后(第2d～第38d)LH含量缓慢的降低,处于较低的水平,平均为29.97±32.70 mIU/ml;FSH的含量稳步上升,平均为1.60±0.66 mIU/ml。     

梅花鹿瘤胃造瘘手术及术后护理

为反刍动物安装瘤胃瘘管进行消化功能试验被广泛应用于科研和教学实践中。本试验介绍了梅花鹿瘤胃瘘管手术过程、术后护理方法、在手术及护理过程中的注意事项。     

不同饲养时期雄性梅花鹿血中尿嘧啶和次黄嘌呤含量的HPLC分析

采集梅花鹿不同饲养时期的血液,经离心、过微孔滤膜后上HPLC柱,测定尿嘧啶和次黄嘌呤的含量。结果发现,用HPLC测定尿嘧啶线性方程为Y=6478．2x-75．5,r=0．99996;次黄嘌呤线性方程为Y=4372．36x-0．74,r=0．9981;分别计算出待测样品中尿嘧啶、次黄嘌呤的含量。经统计学分析发现,梅花鹿血液中尿嘧啶含量在生茸期和配种期差异不显著,恢复期和生茸前期差异不显著;而生茸期、配种期和恢复期、生茸前期之间具有显著性差异;而不同饲养时期次黄嘌呤含量不存在差异性。     

Comparative digestion of cell wall components of alfalfa hay cubes between Sika deer (Cervus nippon) and cattle

Four female Sika deer (mean bodyweight, 48 kg) and three male Holstein cattle (mean bodyweight, 209 kg) were offered alfalfa hay cubes at 2% (deer) and 2.5% (cattle) of bodyweight, respectively. The digestibility of the cell walls and cell wall components (rhamnose, arabinose, xylose, mannose, galactose and glucose) in alfalfa and its retention time of the alfalfa in the digestive tract and rumen parameters were determined. Cell walls and xylose were less digestible in the deer than in the cattle (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). The digestibility of galactose in the deer was as high as that in the cattle. The digestibility of the other sugars and total neutral sugars was numerically lower in the deer, but the differences were not significant. In the deer, mannose was most digestible, followed in order by galactose, arabinose, glucose, rhamnose and xylose; whereas, in the cattle, mannose was most digestible, followed in order by arabinose, glucose, galactose, rhamnose and xylose. The retention time in the digestive tract was shorter in the deer than in the cattle. In the deer, the number of ruminal protozoa was somewhat higher, and the concentrations of propionic acid and butyric acid were higher (P < 0.05) than in the cattle. These results indicate that Sika deer might utilize pectic polysaccharides as a carbon source in preference to glucose containing polysaccharides such as cellulose. The lower digestibility of all cell wall components except galactose in the Sika deer might be mainly due to its shorter retention time.     

人参皂苷抗梅花鹿源BVDV研究

[目的]研究人参皂苷抗BVDV作用,为人参的开发与利用提供参考。[方法]采用中性红染料法,研究了人参皂苷的抗BVDV作用。[结果]人参皂苷对MDBK细胞无损伤的最大安全浓度是12.80μg/m l,在1.60～12.80μg/m l范围内人参皂苷抗BVDV效果显著。[结论]人参皂苷具有显著的抗BVDV病毒作用,在安全浓度范围内,人参皂苷抗病毒的作用随浓度的提高而增强。     

梅花鹿生态学研究进展

对我国梅花鹿从其种群生态、栖息地、食性、活动习性等生态学研究进行了概述,指出目前国内学者对梅花鹿生态学的研究主要集中在栖息地的研究,并且阐明栖息地的减少与恶化是梅花鹿的种群濒危的主要原因之一。如何提高梅花鹿种群的密度与数量是今后梅花鹿研究的主要方向。     

梅花鹿IGF1全长cDNA克隆及在鹿茸组织的表达

为了检测梅花鹿鹿茸组织IGF1基因的mRNA表达水平,利用TRIzol试剂法分别提取鹿茸真皮、间充质、前软骨和软骨组织总RNA,逆转录合成cDNA.根据GenBank已发表的相关序列设计梅花鹿IGFI基因特异引物并克隆IGFI基因,将IGF1基因DNA序列递交GenBank,并利用相对荧光定量Real-time PCR...     

四川地区梅花鹿40项血液生理生化指标的测定

血液生理生化指标是反映动物机体生理机能的重要指标,为了解和掌握四川地区梅花鹿的血液生理生化指标,测定了四川梅花鹿的40项血液生理生化值,并进行了统计处理。结果显示,公、母梅花鹿间仅在红细胞总数、血红蛋白、红细胞压积等指标差异显著;与相关指标比较中发现,血清铁,血清磷,前白蛋白等多项指标差异较显著,充分说明测定梅花鹿血液指标的必要性。     

梅花鹿鹿茸蛋白聚糖的提取与分离

探讨梅花鹿（Cervus nippon）鲜鹿茸中蛋白聚糖的提取与分离方法，为深入研究和开发利用鹿茸提供了理论基础。采用Tris-HCl缓冲液匀浆提取梅花鹿鲜鹿茸，将粗提液上DEAE Sepharose FF离子交换柱，聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测分离组分。结果表明提取液中总蛋白聚糖含量为6．69mg／g；DEAE Sepharose FF离子交换层析收集到三个蛋白聚糖组分I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ，其蛋白聚糖含量分别占总蛋白聚糖含量的45．25％、25．15％、18．26％；聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳考马斯亮蓝和甲苯胺蓝染色均着色，蛋白聚糖I核心蛋白分子量大约为40kD，甲苯胺蓝染色显示3条单一宽带。DEAE Sepharose FF阴离子交换层析能用于梅花鹿鲜鹿茸中蛋白聚糖的分离，且此法快速简便。     

Is deer herbivory directly proportional to deer population density? Comparison of deer feeding frequencies among six forests with different deer density

The intensity of deer herbivory, rather than simply the deer population density, directly affects the forest ecosystem, but a linear relationship between these two factors has generally been assumed. To assess their relationship, we investigated deer population density and tree sapling vegetation in six forests with different deer density on Yakushima Island, Japan. The feeding frequency was used as an index of deer herbivory. Palatable saplings showed high feeding frequency and became rare in deer-abundant areas, while unpalatable saplings showed low feeding frequency and increased with increasing deer density. In addition, feeding frequency on sapling vegetation did not continue to increase with increasing deer population and was limited to only 0.24-0.32 in deer-abundant areas (more than 20 deer/km²). These data suggest that deer shift their main food items from living palatable saplings to other alternatives such as litter fall rather than living unpalatable saplings. Clearly, the nonlinear relationship between deer density and deer herbivory on forest vegetation could result from a change in the food eaten by deer, and it is therefore necessary to assess the impacts of deer based on not only the size of the deer population but also the intensity of direct herbivory.