Transient glucose malabsorption in two horses fact or artefact?

Two horses, presented for investigation of chronic weight loss despite normal to increased feed intake, had flat oral glucose absorption curves, suggesting malabsorption. The cause of the apparent malabsorption was not evident grossly or on light microscopic examination of the intestinal tract. Both horses survived long term and at follow-up examination had regained weight and their capacity to absorb glucose. These cases illustrate that flat glucose absorption curves may occur in horses with no obvious intestinal lesions, that they may revert to normal and that the results of these tests should be interpreted with caution.     

液体蛋的超高压杀菌效果试验研究

液体蛋的超高压处理,与传统的热处理相比有许多优越性,具有十分广阔的应用前景。本文研究了液体蛋超高压处理后细菌致死率与处理压力、保压时间的关系。结果表明,液体蛋中细菌致死率随压力和保压时间的增加而增大;压力为440MPa、保压10min时,细菌致死率为99．72％,保压20min时,细菌致死率为99．909／6。压力为400MPa、保压20min,蛋液的初始细菌总数由13100cfu／mL降到31cfu／mL,完全符合国家鸡蛋卫生标准细菌总数小于100cfu／mL的要求。经感官评定,室温下,密封于消毒培养皿中未经处理液体蛋10天后开始发霉、变质,而经过300MPa、保压10min处理的液体蛋30d以后依然新鲜如初。     

龙眼干果与鲜果的糖组分分析

利用高效液相色谱法 (HPLC) 分析了石硖、储良、东壁、青壳宝圆、冬宝9号、公妈本、九月乌、施冲浦、晚香等9个龙眼品种干果和鲜果的糖组分含量。结果表明,9个龙眼品种干果和鲜果中的可溶性糖主要有果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖;鲜果中的果糖含量16.4 ~ 36.0 mg/g,葡萄糖含量14.9 ~ 33.7 mg/g,蔗糖含量87.5 ~ 161.7 mg/g,总糖含量135.7 ~ 193.0 mg/g,甜度值144.5 ~ 200.8;干果中的果糖含量84.5 ~ 160.7 mg/g、葡萄糖含量67.5 ~ 125.8 mg/g、蔗糖含量169.0 ~ 356.8 mg/g、总糖含量444.6 ~ 538.2 mg/g、甜度值497.2 ~ 590.7;龙眼干果和鲜果中均以蔗糖含量最高;与鲜果相比,干果中的果糖、葡萄糖占比提高,蔗糖占比降低。     

不同剂型维生素对猪生产性能和胴体品质的影响

为了研究液体纳米维生素对猪生产性能和胴体品质的影响,选用80头20 kg左右的健康育肥猪并随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复5头。对照组饲喂基础日粮,各试验组分别在基础日粮中添加固体维生素、普通液体维生素和液体纳米维生素,在体重达到100 kg左右时结束肥育并进行胴体品质测定。结果表明,维生素的添加对猪的日增重、料肉比、瘦肉率、眼肌面积和背膘厚均具有显著影响,且液体纳米维生素的效果显著优于固体维生素和普通液体维生素,普通液体维生素的使用效果优于固体维生素,但两者之间无显著差异。结果提示,液体纳米维生素较其他维生素可显著提高猪的生产性能并能显著改善胴体品质。     

人参果皂苷口服液质量标准研究

通过对人参果皂苷口服液质量进行研究，建立人参果皂苷口服液质量标准。利用薄层检查对其鉴定。采用分光光度法及滴定法对人参果皂苷口服液中人参皂苷含量和木糖醇、山梨酸含量进行测定。结果表明人参果皂苷口服液质量检验方法简便、准确，可用于快速检验人参果皂苷口服液的质量。     

大球盖菇1号的分离纯化及其液体培养基优化

为缩短大球盖菇(Stropharia rugoso-annulata) 1号液体种生长周期,提高菌丝体产量,为大球盖菇液体种工业化生产提供参考和依据。试验以大球盖菇1号菌丝球干质量(Y)为指标,通过Plackett-Burman设计试验,得出玉米粉、MgSO₄和VB1对大球盖菇的生物量有显著影响,通过最陡爬坡试验和Box-Behnken响应面分析法对大球盖菇液体培养基组成进行优化,得到大球盖菇1号最适液体培养基为蔗糖20 g·L^-1、蛋白胨6 g·L^-1、酵母膏2 g·L^-1、KH2PO43 g·L^-1、MgSO44.56 g·L^-1、玉米粉4.25 g·L^-1、VB12.43 g·L^-1,通过对模型进行验证试验,大球盖菇1号菌丝生物量为1.215 4 g·150-1mL^-1,较基础培养基相比生物量提高36.2%,且数学模型的预测值与试验观察值相符,相对误差约为1.9%,证明响应面法优化大球...     

叶面喷施尿素涂膜液对苹果树的影响

为了验证尿素涂膜液在苹果上的喷施效果,在大田试验条件下,采用叶面喷施尿素涂膜液和清水(CK)的方法研究了苹果叶面喷施尿素涂膜液的增产效果。结果表明:苹果叶面喷施尿素涂膜液新梢生长量、叶片厚度、叶片鲜重、叶面积分别比对照增加50.0%、15.0%、6.2%和9.3%,百果重、果型指数分别比对照提高4.4%和3.3%,产量较对照增产9.8%,增产效果明显。     

体外产气法评定反刍家畜饲草料营养价值的研究前景

阐述了体外产气法的原理、影响体外产气量的因素及其研究前景。     

Fusarium moniliforme secretes four endopolygalacturonases derived from a single gene product

Extracellular endopolygalacturonase, purified from the pathogenic fungus Fusarium moniliforme, consists of four molecular forms (38, 41·5, 45, and 48·5 kDa, respectively. Three forms (38, 41·5, and 45 kDa) were purified to homogencity by FPLC on a Mono S column followed by electroelution after SDS-PAGE. The N-terminal amino acid sequences of each of the three forms, and of a mixture containing all four forms were shown to be identical to that predicted from the nucleotide sequence of the endopolygalacturonase gene previously cloned from F. moniliforme. Enzymatic deglycosylation experiments revealed the presence of N-linked, high mannose oligosaccharide side-chains on all four forms of endo polygalacturonase. Hydrogen fluoride catalysed chemical deglycosylation of the polygalacturonase mixture yielded a single polypeptide with an apparent molecular mass of 36·2 kDa. Southern blot analysis, carried out at high stringency with an endopolygalacturonase-specific probe on genomic DNA digested with three different restriction enzymes, showed a single hybridizing restriction fragment in all three digests. A single 2·0 Mb chromosome hybridized with the endo polygalacturonase-specific probe, as shown by Southern blot analysis of F. moniliforme chromosomes separated by CHEF electrophoresis. Northern blot analysis revealed only one mRNA species 1350 nt encoding endo polygalacturonase. These data indicate that a single gene encodes the endopolygalacturonases of F. moniliforme.     

Factors Influencing the Bioavailability of Peroral Formulations of Drugs for Dogs

The oral route is presently the preferred route of drug delivery. Poor oral bioavailability results in variable concentrations of drugs in the plasma and variable pharmacological responses, in addition to higher product costs. The unique canine physiology, anatomy and biochemistry makes designing canine dosage forms a challenging exercise. This article reviews the physicochemical, physiological, pharmacokinetic, pharmacological and formulation factors that can influence the drug availability of the oral formulations in dogs in an effort to provide a source of data to aid development of canine drug products with superior bioavailability.