植物培养瓶自动排序装置优化设计与试验

针对组培苗继代培养过程中培养瓶需要人工输入输出、占用大量劳力的问题,采用运动方向相反的2条输送带与设置在其上的导流板、导流块、分流块相配合的结构方案,设计出一种培养瓶的自动排序装置。导流输送带速度v1、分流输送带速度v2、导流板倾角α和导流块楔角β是影响排序速度和运行可靠度的主要因素,当v1=0.25 m/s、v2=0.4 m/s、α=47°、β=35°时,排序装置具有较高的排序速度和良好的运行可靠度。试验结果表明:该装置能实现组培生产中常用的不同大小、形状的培养瓶的自动排序作业,瓶体运行可靠度大于94%;对瓶底直径相同、形状不同的培养瓶,各种瓶体的排序速度基本相等,但对重心低、质量小的瓶体排序效果更好;对形状相同、大小不同的培养瓶,大瓶体比小瓶体具有更好的运行可靠性。     

Breeding and biotechnological efforts in Jatropha curcas L. for sustainable yields

Jatropha is a non-edible, important bioenergy plant, which can grow in marginalized land. The seeds possess about 36% oil and this would be converted into biodiesel or biojet-fuel. Jatropha provides an option for sustainable feed and fuel production due to its inherent qualities including hardy nature, drought tolerance and surviving with limited amount of water, tolerance to unfavorable conditions and excessive moisture. However, heterozygosity, low productivity and poor understanding of its genome are the major impediments to elite line development. Further, classical breeding and advanced technological investments remain limited owing to long juvenile phase and breeding cycles. Scientific technologies that lead to identification of elite genotypes and development of high yielding elite Jatropha lines and effective methods of detoxification of seeds needs immediate priority. Efficient tissue culture system, doubled haploids (DH) and genomic tools are increasingly made available to improve the seed yield and its oil quantity through the development of geminivirus disease resistant lines. The application of advanced, sequencing technologies has presented a repertoire of genomic information for this important yet orphan crop. In the present investigation, we highlight the achievements made in Jatropha towards development of high yielding, virus resistant elite lines and hybrids with yield potential ranging from 3 to 5 tons per hectare in a year, which is a first ever report in the world. We also developed potential biotechnological tools such as genetic transformation, genome editing and next generation genomics tools including linkage maps and QTLs for accelerating breeding efforts through marker assisted selection. Because of our concerted and continuous efforts during the past 15 years, we have overcome all the obstacles and developed high yielding, disease resistant hybrids/lines, advanced cultivation technologies with thorough knowledge on Agronomy of the Jatropha crop. The Jatropha cultivation technology developed for the first time in the world, could open up new avenues for higher yield productivity of commercial viability.     

琯溪蜜柚果肉过氧化物酶cDNA的克隆及序列分析

以琯溪蜜柚果肉为材料,运用cDNA克隆的方法,克隆得到了琯溪蜜柚果肉过氧化物酶的cDNA的全长,并对得到的序列进行了一些分析,从分子生物学角度对粒化的研究做了初步的探索。结果表明:琯溪蜜柚果肉PODcDNA全长1263bp,有完整的阅读框,编码351个氨基酸。另外5'非翻译区42bp,3'非翻译区168bp(不包含终止密码子TAA),其中包括一个多聚腺苷酸化信号AATAAA,以及一个含24个腺苷酸的poly(A)尾。由琯溪蜜柚果肉PODcDNA推导的氨基酸序列与无花果(Fi-cuscarica)、陆地棉(Gossypiumhirsutum)、杨属植物(Populus)等同源性较高,分别为:58.6%,67.61%,65.24%,67.14%等。     

三元杂交猪IL-18全基因的序列测定及分析

白细胞介素-18（IL-18）又称γ干扰素诱导因子（IGIF）,研究表明IL-18是一种重要的新型免疫佐剂分子。为探讨猪IL-18的免疫佐剂作用,该研究根据已发表的猪IL-18基因序列,设计并合成1对特异性引物,从猪脾脏中直接扩增得到猪IL-18全基因,并进行克隆和序列测定、分析。     

毛竹β-1,3-葡聚糖酶基因的克隆及序列分析(英文)

β-1,3-葡聚糖酶是一种植物病程相关蛋白,在植物抵御病害中有重要作用。本研究以毛竹为实验材料,利用RACE技术,克隆毛竹β-1,3-葡聚糖酶基因的外显子序列,并在β-1,3-葡聚糖酶基因的编码区两端设计引物,以毛竹基因组DNA为模版扩增该基因的内含子序列。序列结果表明,该基因全长1693bp,包含两个外显子和一个内含子,命名为PheGLU(GenBank登录号GU238236)。该基因包含1个996bp的开放阅读框,编码332个氨基酸,相对分子质量为3.541×104Da,其等电点pI为6.389,是一个酸性蛋白且分泌到胞外;其中,该蛋白的二级结构中包含35.15%的α-螺旋,21.82%的β-转角,43.03%的延伸链和无规则卷曲等;三级结构同源建模预测显示,它与大麦β-1,3-葡聚糖酶(PDB number:1ghsA)具有80.4%的同源性;聚类分析显示,该基因序列与已报道的其它植物具有较的高氨基酸序列同源性。本研究为进一步鉴定毛竹β-1,3-葡聚糖酶基因的抗真菌病害能力奠定了基础。     

猪核转录因子C/EBPβ基因3′末端部分序列的克隆

[目的]研究猪核转录因子C/EBPβ,扩增C/EBPβ3′非翻译区（3′UTR）部分序列。[方法]以报道的猪C/EBPβ基因片段（DQ450678.1）为模板设计引物,应用3′末端快速扩增技术（3′RACE技术）进行扩增。[结果]成功克隆猪核转录因子C/EBPβ的3′UTR,并获得GenBank登录号：FJ869121。[结论]与GenBank中报道的其他哺乳动物相应序列进行比较分析,猪核转录因子C/EBPβ的3′UTR序列与人C/EBPβ基因核苷酸序列BLAST比对,同源性为93%,为克隆其基因组全长及分析其功能奠定了基础。     

丰田混合型装配线的排序方法

给出了丰田装配线平稳生产的2个目标,提出了混合型装配线上的作业时间与循环周期的表达式,指出了丰田排序算法的基本概念在于缩小生产过程的零件平均消耗速度与实际消耗速度的差异,总结了丰田恒定零件消耗速度目标追逐法的步骤。根据某产品的产量及其所需零件数目推导了它的生产排序进程,指出了当零件数目较多时,以时间段为单位来调整零件消耗速度。     

Genetic variability of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Plum pox virus</Emphasis> isolates in the Czech Republic

Plum pox virus (PPV), the causal agent of Sharka disease, is an important pathogen of stone fruit trees. In this study, 24 new Czech PPV isolates from five different orchards were collected and characterized, molecularly. PPV-D isolates were identified in all orchards studied; whereas PPV-Rec isolates were identified in only two of them. A phylogenetic analysis on (Cter) NIb-(Nter) CP was performed. Three Czech PPV-D isolates BOH11CZ, BOH12CZ, and BOH13CZ diverged into a significantly separated cluster. PPV-Rec isolates formed a fairly homogenous group. However, the Bohutice and the Lipov PPV-Rec isolates clustered in two significantly separated branches.     

4株禽腺病毒的鉴定和分析

[目的]对六安、郭河、宣城、肥西某养殖户送检的疑似腺病毒的病料进行分离鉴定,为进一步鉴别、预防和控制疾病提供科学的理论依据。[方法]首先采集病例中鸡的肝脏,提取病毒DNA,根据Genbank已登录腺病毒的hexon基因设计引物,通过PCR检测病料中腺病毒,对扩增的序列进行连接转化和阳性克隆子筛选,并对扩增到的序列进行测序鉴定,最后将获得的基因序列构建进化树分析确定安徽省部分地区禽腺病毒血清型。[结果]临床中疑似腺病毒感染的主要症状为心包积液和肝脏肿大,用设计的引物均检测出大小为599 bp的目的基因条带,序列比对结果发现,此次检测的腺病毒均为4型腺病毒。[结论]试验建立了快速检测禽腺病毒的方法,为安徽省地区禽腺病毒防控提供了理论依据。     

新疆地方绵羊品种PRNP基因多态性研究

从新疆采取了8个地方绵羊品种的血液样品171份,提取绵羊基因组DNA,用PCR方法扩增绵羊PRNP基因,通过序列测定,对它们的PRNP基因型进行研究,确定了PRNP基因136、154、171位密码子的多态性为136(A/A),154(H/R)和171(Q/R/H/K),结果发现所检测的新疆地方绵羊品种PRNP基因136位密码子均为A,其基因型均为A型痒病抵抗性基因型。