Comparison of blind intubation and a smartphone-based endoscope-assisted intubation in rabbits

ObjectiveTo compare between blind and smartphone-based endoscope-assisted techniques for endotracheal intubation in rabbits.Study designProspective clinical study.AnimalsA total of 34 rabbits.MethodsRabbits were assigned to four groups: intubation by a veterinary anesthesiologist (VA) or an exotic pet medicine specialist (EPS) using blind or endoscope-assisted techniques. Propofol dose, number of attempts until successful intubation, total time for intubation, duration of the successful attempt and occurrence of lingual cyanosis/laryngeal lesions were recorded. Data were analyzed by t test, Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney U test or chi-square test. Pearson correlation for body weight was performed.ResultsThe success rate of blind intubation was 88.9% and 77.8% for VA and EPS, respectively. Propofol dose, total and median number of attempts, total time for intubation and duration of the successful attempt were 3.1 (0–6.2) mg kg^–1, 19, 2 (1–5), 79 ± 65 and 30 ± 20 seconds for VA and 1.5 (0–4.5) mg kg^–1, 24, 3 (1–5), 136 ± 92 and 38 ± 16 seconds for EPS. The success rate of endoscope-assisted intubation was 87.5% for both operators. Propofol dose, total and median number of attempts, total time for intubation and duration of the successful attempt were 2.5 (1.3–7.4) mg kg^–1, 22, 3 (1–5), 170 (65–368) and 46 (22–150) seconds for VA and 3.2 (0–6) mg kg^–1, 11, 1 (1–4), 56 (27–432) and 55 (26–79) seconds for EPS. VA performed blind intubation more quickly, propofol dose was lower and cyanosis was less frequent than in the endoscope-assisted group.Conclusions and clinical relevanceBoth techniques were reliable for rabbit endotracheal intubation. Best results were achieved when the operator was experienced in the technique. The smartphone-based endoscope is a useful aid for rabbit intubation.     

我国宠物用病毒类生物制品质量情况分析与建议

对2008-2020年我国宠物用病毒类生物制品质量情况进行总结,分析了宠物用病毒类生物制品质量检验中发现的问题,提出了完善兽用狂犬病灭活疫苗效力检验方法、加强纯净性检验方法研究、建立以单抗为基础的宠物用标准物质库、加快宠物用制品重点品种研制等提升宠物用病毒类制品质量和研究的建议。     

基于YOLOv5s改进模型的小白菜虫害识别方法

小白菜是中国种植面积较广、深受大众喜爱的蔬菜,但真实菜地环境中虫害往往出现在叶片的特定区域,且受环境因素如光照和背景干扰较大,影响对其的智能检测。为提高小白菜虫害的检测效率和准确率,该研究提出一种基于YOLOv5s网络框架改进的YOLOPC小白菜虫害识别模型。首先,引入CBAM（Convolutional Block Attention Module）注意力机制,将其放在CBS（卷积层Convolution+归一化层Batch normalization+激活函数层SILU）的输入端构成CBAM-CBS的结构,动态调整特征图中各个通道和空间位置的权重;使用上采样和1×1卷积操作来调整特征图的尺寸和通道数,实现不同层次特征的融合,增强模型的特征表示能力。同时,改进损失函数,使其更适合边界框回归的准确性需求;利用空洞卷积的优势提高网络的感受野范围,使模型能够更好地理解图像的上下文信息。试验结果表明,与改进前的YOLOv5s模型相比,YOLOPC模型对小白菜小菜蛾和潜叶蝇虫害检测的平均精度（mean Average Precision, mAP）达到91.40%,提高了12.9个百分点;每秒传输帧数（Frame Per Second, FPS）为58.82帧/s,增加了11.2帧/s,增加幅度达23.53个百分点;参数量仅为14.4 MB,降低了25.78个百分点。与经典的目标检测算法SSD、Faster R-CNN、YOLOv3、YOLOv7和YOLOv8相比,YOLOPC模型的平均精度分别高出20.1、24.6、14、13.4和13.3个百分点,此外,其准确率、召回率、帧速率和参数量均展现出显著优势。该模型可为复杂背景下小白菜虫害的快速准确检测提供技术支持。     

Pet Ownership,Attitude Toward Pets,and Support for Wildlife Management Strategies

Pet ownership affects engagement with animal-related activities and may be related to support of wildlife management. British participants (N = 220) completed an online survey providing information on pet ownership, attitudes toward pets, and support for wildlife management strategies. Within this sample, pet owners and individuals with positive attitudes toward pets were less supportive of strategies that put human needs before the needs of wildlife, more supportive of strategies attempting to avoid species extinctions, and opposed to strategies requiring compromises of individual species. Pet owners’ affectionate attitudes toward animals and opposition to their exploitation may be important in dictating attitudes toward wildlife. Conservation planners could apply these findings when seeking support for management strategies that constrain freedoms of pets and wildlife. Utilizing the sympathetic attitudes of pet owners toward animals by focusing on welfare and survival benefits for wildlife species may help foster support for management strategies.     

专家系统用于遥感图像处理的方法研究*

针对气象卫星监测森林火灾和遥感图像分类问题，论述专家系统用于遥感图像处理的方法，使用框架和规则的知识表示方法、匹配和以正向推理为主的推理机制、综合的控制策略、使用置信度处理不确定性和构造实用专家系统的方法。据此实现的软件模块，经实验数据检测，取得满意的结果。     

在《宠物与生活》课程教学中融入思政元素的探索

《宠物与生活》是一门通识性和适用性均较强的课程,其中多数教学内容与人们的日常生活和公共卫生安全密切相关,因此该课程的教学既要注重专业知识的传授,也要重视在宠物诊疗过程中关于医风医德、职业素养和兽医法规等方面的系统教育。近年来授课教师重视课程思政建设,并与专业思政教学团队进行深层次交流合作,发掘及运用《宠物与生活》课程中的思政教育元素,积极建设课程思政案例,在教学过程中潜移默化地进行职业素质的培养,使学生树立正确的世界观、人生观和价值观。     

高等农业教育的国际化趋势

本分析了高等农业教育国际化的背景,以及与农业国际化的关系,探讨了面向世界农业的通用人才的接头及其知识和能力结构,提出了高等农业教育国际化的制度、环境建设有关的发展趋势。     

解决农村养老中的非物质福利——基于M庄老人协会的实证研究

目前,农村老人越来越重视非物质福利。当前要改变农村老人的弱势群体地位、增强非物质老人福利,其中投入相对较低且有效的方式莫过于将农村老人组织起来建立老人协会。福利需求、村庄共同体的存续、第三种力量及农村精英的呼吁与领导等因素是老人协会得以建立的条件。对于"原子化状态"的村庄,则需要通过外部力量的介入解决老人协会建立过程中村民集体行动的初试成本问题。     

中草药在宠物饲养管理中的应用研究进展

中草药应用于宠物饲养管理中已成为目前宠物饲养管理研究的热点。本文着重从中草药饲料添加剂调节宠物肠胃功能、增强免疫力、提升抗应激能力、提高繁殖性能四个方面的作用,以及运用中草药开展宠物疫病防治进行综述,以期为中草药在宠物饲养管理中的开发应用提供参考。