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为研究细黄链霉菌诱导黄芩对黄芩根腐病菌的抑制效果,采用不同浓度细黄链霉菌发酵液、无菌水(CK)分别浸泡黄芩幼苗的根8h,幼苗移栽后在黄芩幼苗根部接种5 mL黄芩根腐病菌菌悬液,待幼苗生长至4叶期时,不同时间内测定黄芩叶片的CAT、POD和AAO活性.结果表明,不同浓度细黄链霉菌发酵液对黄芩叶片中CAT、POD、AAO活性的影响比较显著,随着细黄链霉菌发酵液浓度的减小,黄芩叶片中CAT、POD、AAO活性总体的趋势先增加后减小;当细黄链霉菌发酵液稀释到50倍时,黄芩叶片中POD、AAO活性一直比其他浓度的发酵液诱导的黄芩叶片中POD、AAO活性强,而黄芩叶片中CAT活性除了在12 h和24 h外,其余时间均高于其他浓度的发酵液诱导处理.细黄链霉菌发酵液诱导黄芩,其体内的CAT、POD、AAO活性均高于CK,说明细黄链霉菌对黄芩根腐病菌的抗病性比较显著.     

Anti-diabetic effect of American ginseng may not be linked to antioxidant activity: Comparison between American ginseng and Scutellaria baicalensis using an ob/ob mice model

Antioxidants have been considered as a useful remedy in diabetes therapeutics, and thus, herbal medicines with antioxidant properties may play major role in treating diabetes. In this report, we performed a comparative study using American ginseng and Scutellaria baicalensis to test whether the anti-diabetic effect of American ginseng is associated with its antioxidant activity. We used a simple water extraction procedure to prepare American ginseng root extract (AGE) and S. baicalensis extract (SbE), and utilized these two antioxidant herbs to evaluate their anti-diabetic effect in obese diabetic ob/ob mice. HPLC analysis was used to identify major constituents in the AGE and SbE. After 12 days of daily intraperitoneal injection, AGE at 300 mg/kg showed significant effects on fasting blood glucose levels (P < 0.01) and glucose tolerance test (P < 0.01) compared to vehicle-treated mice. Animal body weights also reduced significantly after 12-day treatment (P < 0.01). However, SbE, a very strong antioxidant extract, administered at 5–50 mg/kg (based on our previous studies without adverse events) for 12 days did not show any significant effects on blood glucose and body weight changes. No effects were shown when baicalein, an effective antioxidant constituent in SbE, was administered at 1–5 mg/kg. It appears that the anti-diabetic effect of American ginseng may not be linked to its antioxidant actions. The mechanisms of American ginseng's effects on reducing high blood glucose levels and body weight remain to be investigated in future experiments.     

黄芩组织培养研究进展

从组织培养、细胞悬浮培养、多倍体诱导、克隆技术等方面综述黄芩组织培养技术应用的研究进展。     

黄芩种质资源及培育技术研究进展

在黄芩野生资源日益匮乏与人类对黄芩需求量日益增长的今天,黄芩资源的培育倍受重视,人工栽培黄芩已成为人们关注的重要领域.该文对近年来关于黄芩种质资源生物学特性、繁殖方法、田间管理、合理采收及生物技术的应用等几个方面的研究进行了综述.为提升黄芩资源的人工培育水平积累基础资料,进而为提高我国人工栽培黄芩的产量与质量,为推进黄芩培育产业化发展提供技术信息.      

航天诱变黄芩种子对其SP_1代的影响

本文着重分析了航天搭载对黄芩SP1群体的影响,其中包括成苗能力、株型性状、生殖性状以及过氧化物同工酶谱的差异。结果表明,除个别性状外,搭载从总体上对地上部性状起抑制作用;航天诱变有一定的扩大各性状的变异谱作用;同工酶分析初步表明,本次航天诱变使过氧化物同工酶酶谱多态性增加。     

不同处理方法对黄芩种子萌发的影响

[目的]研究不同处理方法对黄芩种子萌发的影响。[方法]利用不同浓度赤霉素和不同浸种时间、不同浓度双氧水和不同浸种时间对黄芩种子进行处理,研究其对黄芩种子的发芽势、发芽率和发芽指数的影响。[结果]随着双氧水浓度的提高,黄芩种子发芽率逐渐提高,当双氧水浓度为1.0%、浸种时间为24 h时种子的发芽率最高;随着赤霉素浓度的提高,黄芩种子发芽率逐渐提高,当赤霉素浓度为600 mg/L、浸种时间为24 h时种子的发芽率最高。[结论]赤霉素处理的黄芩种子发芽率明显高于用双氧水处理的发芽率。     

Scutellaria barbata flavonoids inhibits NFT aggregation and regulatory mechanism in rats induced by composited Aβ

AIM: To investigate the effects of Scutellaria barbata flavonoids (SBF) on neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) aggregation, tau protein phosphorylation and the regulated mechanism of glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) 3β and protein phosphatase (PP) 2A in the rats induced by amyloid β protein 25-35 (Aβ_25-35) in combination with AlCl₃ and recombinant human transforming growth factor (RHTGF)-β1(composited Aβ). METHODS: The male SD rats were used to establish the simulated Alzheimer disease (AD) model by intracerebroventricular injection of composited Aβ. The Morris water maze was applied for screening the successful model rats with learning and memory deficits. The successful model rats were daily and orally administrated with SBF at doses of 35, 70 and 140 mg/kg or positive control drug Ginkgo biloba leaves flavonoids (GLF) at 140 mg/kg for 37 d. The silver nitrate staining was used to determine the cortical NFT. The protein levels of total tau, phosphorylated protein of tau at Ser199 and Ser214 sites, GSK3β and PP2A in hippocampus and cortex were determined by Western blot. The mRNA expression of GSK3β and PP2A in the hippocampus and cortex was detected by RT-PCR. RESULTS: Compared with sham group, the cell number of positive NFT with silver nitrate staining in model rat cerebral cortex was significantly increased. The protein levels of phosphorylated tau protein at Ser199 and Ser214 sites, GSK3β in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex in the model rats dramatically elevated, and PP2A was marked decreased as compared with the sham group rats. Meanwhile, the mRNA expression of GSK-3β significantly increased but PP2A was decreased. However, these above abnormalities were differently attenuated by treating with SBF at different doses or GLF at 140 mg/kg for 37 d. CONCLUSION: SBF suppresses the NFT aggregation by inhibition of the regulatory functions of GSK-3β and PP2A, thus reducing the phosphorylation of tau protein.     

黄芩资源和栽培研究进展

黄芩是中国常用大宗中药材之一,药用历史悠久,药效功能显著,具有广泛的应用前景。本文通过查阅近几年发表的相关文献,从黄芩的分布、种质资源评价、繁育和栽培等方面进行了总结整理,并探讨了黄芩资源和栽培研究中存在的主要问题,提出了今后研究重点和方向。     

黄芩茎叶没食子酸-KGM复合保鲜膜在鸡蛋保鲜中的应用研究

为延长鸡蛋货架期，以商洛黄芩茎叶没食子酸作为研究对象制备复合保鲜膜。本研究采用超声辅助乙醇浸提法从黄芩茎叶中提取没食子酸，提取量为203.35 mg/g；对提取出的没食子酸浓缩液进行抑菌实验，研究没食子酸对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、肠炎沙门菌的抑菌能力。结果表明：抑菌效果为大肠杆菌<金黄色葡萄球菌<肠炎沙门菌。在分别探讨没食子酸、魔芋葡甘聚糖、壳聚糖和柠檬酸保鲜作用的单因素试验基础上，采用响应面法，以哈夫单位为响应值对复合保鲜配方进行优化。结果表明：没食子酸1.85%、魔芋葡甘聚糖1.24%、壳聚糖1.96%、柠檬酸3%复配用以制备复合保鲜膜为最佳配比。将此配方制成的复合保鲜膜均匀涂抹在鸡蛋上，在37℃下鸡蛋可以保存15天，鸡蛋的哈夫单位可达到74.86±2.61。所制备的复合保鲜膜绿色、安全，可为鸡蛋的保鲜提供技术参考。     

不同水分和双网无梗囊霉对黄芩生长和养分含量的影响

利用土培试验,研究不同水分条件下接种双网无梗囊霉(Acaulospora bireticulata)对黄芩(Scutellaria baicalensis)生长和养分含量的影响。结果表明,接种双网无梗囊霉能缓解水分胁迫对黄芩生长的抑制效应,显著提高黄芩干质量、株高、根冠比和菌根侵染率。接种双网无梗囊霉对植株黄芩苷含量和P、N、Mg、K、Ca、Fe、Zn、茎叶Cu含量有促进作用,明显降低了植株Mn和根部Cu含量。说明接种双网无梗囊霉,能够促进黄芩生长和矿质元素吸收,提高植株养分含量和抗旱性。