黄瓜子叶节离体再生体系的研究

以6个品系的欧洲温室型全雌系黄瓜子叶节为材料,比较了不同激素组合,苗龄,切割方式和基因型,从而建立了简单快速高效的黄瓜离体再生体系。结果表明:在MS+BA1.5mg·L-1+IAA0.2mg·L-1上启动培养3d为最佳芽启动培养方式,再转入最佳芽诱导培养基MS+TDZ0.02mg·L-1。10d苗龄的子叶节出芽率最高,保留两片子叶各切除1/3为最佳切割处理方式,六种基因型均能生芽,且每外植体出芽数均较高达1.93～3.15。整个过程从种子萌发到驯化移栽,仅需8周。     

江淮地区低温冻害对不同类型小麦幼茎细胞结构的影响

为了解冻害对不同基因型稻茬小麦苗期幼茎细胞结构的影响,选用皖麦50(半冬性品种)、皖麦48(弱春性品种)和郑麦9023(春性品种)为材料,在低温条件下连续用显微镜观测幼茎分蘖节薄壁细胞质壁分离变化情况。结果表明,在低温天气发生的初期,三个品种只发生了轻微的质壁分离,回暖后可恢复。当0℃以下低温持续10d以上时,质壁分离现象加重,皖麦48和郑麦9023分蘖节薄壁细胞原生质体出现不规则收缩,导管和筛管破裂,细胞失水收缩率最高达到30%左右,明显高于皖麦50。不同品种细胞失水收缩最大值均出现在连续低温之后,与最低温度出现时间不一致。     

预防组培中蓖麻子叶节玻璃化的研究

为了预防蓖麻子叶节在组织培养过程中的玻璃化现象,以建立其高效的遗传转化体系,本实验对影响子叶节生长状态的几个因素进行了初步研究。结果表明,在胚轴、子叶均为淡黄色的时期切取蓖麻子叶节,接种在1/8MS、内含10g/L琼脂粉、20g/L蔗糖、8.0mg/LZT、1.0mg/LNAA的培养基中进行培养,能有效地预防蓖麻子叶节玻璃化。     

Variability of duration of pre-anthesis phases as a strategy for increasing wheat grain yield

In wheat, stem elongation phase (SEP) duration is critical for grain number (GN) per unit of area determination, as it is the phase in which the spikes grow. Lengthening SEP, for instance by photoperiodic sensitivity, without altering the cycle to anthesis (AT) has been proposed as an alternative way to increase spike dry weight, and in turn GN. As most works supporting this idea have modified only SEP by artificial manipulation (e.g. photoperiod extensions), it is relevant to evaluate this hypothesis in populations segregating for this attribute in natural conditions. The aim of this work was to analyse the variability in SEP duration relative to AT in two F4 populations; in order to select contrasting phenotypes to evaluate the impact of this attribute on grain yield components and to analyse the selection response of this attribute. These segregating populations (Las Rosas INTA × Triguero 230 (A) and Klein Estrella × ProINTA B. Alazán (B)) were derived from parental lines with similar flowering time but different relative duration of their pre-anthesis phases. Two field experiments with previous vernalization treatment in cool chamber were carried out. In 2006, F4 populations were characterized and from one of them (population B, which presented higher variability) four groups were selected, which presented contrasting phenotypes in the attribute under study. Progenies of these groups (F5), together with remnant F4 full-sib of each one, were studied during 2007. Grain yield per plant was higher, due to GN increases, when duration of the SEP was lengthened. However, selection response to longer SEP with similar cycle to AT could not be found, possibly as the result of a high environmental influence on this attribute. The phenotypic variability evidenced in this attribute was not clearly associated with major adaptation genes evaluated (i.e. Ppd and/or Vrn), suggesting that other minor genes could be associated.     

供水压力对节点渗灌管出水孔工作压力影响的研究

用土槽模拟试验的方法,对渗灌灌水时供水压力与节点渗灌管出水孔的水压关系进行了试验研究,结果表明:水源供水压力越大,水头损失越大,水头对渗灌管出水均匀效果产生影响,节点式渗灌灌水时供水压力以100cm水柱左右为宜.     

水肥耦合条件下保护地土壤硝态氮动态变化

采用二因素三水平完全设计,通过保护地低压节点渗灌番茄小区栽培试验,研究了灌溉上限和施肥量组合处理在灌溉追肥后第1、2、35、、7 d不同土层土壤硝态氮的动态变化。结果表明,较低灌溉上限,施肥量对不同时间土壤硝态氮影响不明显;提高灌溉上限,施肥量增加影响土壤剖面分异。灌溉上限和肥料对土壤硝态氮累积量的影响除第一天外均达到5%显著水平,作用由大到小分别为肥料,水分,水肥交互作用。不同采样时间0～20 cm土层硝态氮累积百分比平均在50%以上,低灌溉上限和高施肥量组合的硝态氮累积百分比最大,高灌溉上限和高施肥量组合硝态氮累积百分比最小。     

6-BA诱导大豆子叶节和茎尖出芽的研究

以大豆品种“合丰35”的成熟种子为材料,研究6-BA诱导子叶节和茎尖出芽的结果表明,大豆萌发和不定芽诱导时分别加入0.4mg·L-1和1.1mg·L-16-BA,每个外植体分化出的芽数最多为3.56;茎尖再生系统中,6-BA诱导茎尖不定芽形成的最佳浓度是3.5mg·L-1,最佳诱导时间是24～28h左右,平均每个外植体分化出的不定芽数为2.78。     

利用CAN总线技术构建分布式监控系统

介绍了基于CAN总线的分布式监控系统的设计，同时阐述了以SJA1000为核心的CAN智能节点的设计和控制系统的总体构成及软件功能。实践证明，该系统具有可靠性高、实时性强等优点。     

双电源架构的低功耗温室环境感知节点设计

为提高电池能量利用率,降低温室环境无线采集节点功耗,延长节点寿命,以16位低功耗MCU(MSP430F149)和CC1101射频模块进行温室环境无线采集节点硬件设计,电源管理模块采用TPS63031芯片实现双电源供电,即节点在工作和休眠状态下分别采用3节AA南孚电池和1节3 V纽扣电池供电,通过DC-DC转换,电池可使用能量提高22.8%。软件协议采用有限状态机(FSM)模型设计,实现节点工作模式和休眠模式的任务调度,使节点休眠时进入LPM3深度休眠,大大降低节点功耗。电池放电试验和节点性能测试试验表明,在设定30 min采集周期下,设计的供电方案可保证节点11 019.8 h(约459.2 d)的可靠使用寿命。     

河网径流节点及其基于DEM的自动提取

河流的交汇点是在地貌、水文上均有重要意义的特殊地段,在GIS中又融合了大量的时空信息。从河流水文学与地理信息系统结合的角度,首先提出了河网径流节点的概念,分析了河网径流节点的基本特征,包括河网径流节点的属性特征、空间分布特征、时间变异特征等方面的内容,并对河网径流节点在地学空间分析中的应用进行了展望。此外,对以DEM数据为基础提取河网径流节点的原理、方法进行了初步的探索。