数种药物对日本血吸虫体长运动性及环腺苷酸含量的影响

用灌注法自家兔获取运动正常的日本血吸虫，在含１０％灭活胎牛血清的Ｅａｒｌｅ氏缓冲盐溶液中３７℃培养１ｈ。显微镜下观察其运动性并测量虫长。用放免法测定３７℃培养３ｈ的日本血吸虫环腺苷酸的含量。     

Effect of Glutathione-Supplemented INRA82 Extender on Miniature Caspian Stallion Sperm Quality during Storage at 5°C

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of glutathione-supplemented INRA82 extender on miniature Caspian stallion sperm quality during storage at 5°C. A total of 12 ejaculates from three stallions (four ejaculates from each stallion) were collected and diluted with INRA82 extender that included different concentrations of glutathione (0 [INRA-G0], 5 [INRA-G5], and 10 mM [INRA-G10]) and stored for 48 hours at 5°C. Sperm motility (computer-assisted sperm analysis), plasma membrane integrity (eosin–nigrosin staining) and functionality (hypo-osmotic swelling test), and malondialdehyde (MDA) level were determined during storage at 5°C. The results showed that the sperm total and progressive motility and plasma membrane integrity and functionality in all extenders were significantly decreased with increasing storage time. However, the MDA level in all extenders was significantly increased with increasing storage time. Also, the results showed that most of the evaluated sperm quality parameters in the present study, with the exception of MDA, were significantly greater in INRA-G5 than in INRA-G0 and INRA-G10 after 24 and 48 hours of storage at 5°C. We have concluded that supplementation of INRA82 with 5 mM glutathione can improve miniature Caspian stallion sperm quality during storage at 5°C by increasing total and progressive motility, plasma membrane integrity and functionality, and decreasing the MDA level compared with INRA-G0 and INRA-G10. More advanced in vitro evaluations and artificial insemination are required to reveal the exact effects of INRA-G5 on miniature Caspian stallion sperm quality and its fertilizing ability.     

逆境光合条件下C_3植物叶片谷胱甘肽含量的动态变化

测定了大田自然条件下及逆境光合条件下,C_3植物水稻、花生叶片谷胱甘肽含量的动态变化.在大田正常自然条件下,叶片谷胱甘肽含量相对稳定,日变化范围在 70～100nmolg~(-1)FW间.在无 CO_2空气强光照(1400μmolm~(-2)s~(-1))条件下,叶片谷胱甘肽含量迅速积累,6h内可增加3倍,并表现出对光强的极大依赖性.提高无CO_2气体中氧气浓度,延长叶片饥饿时间以及外源H_2O_2处理,均明显加速叶片谷胱甘肽积累,对氧化型及还原型谷胱甘肽含量的分析表明:叶片谷胱甘肽的积累,主要是体内谷胱甘肽生物合成加速及还原型谷胱甘肽含量的增加.以上结果显示逆境光合处理与谷胱甘肽-抗坏血酸氧化还原系统运行紧密联系,进一步证明此系统在减缓光抑制方面可能起重要作用.     

Using indirect ELISA to assess different antigens for the serodiagnosis of Fasciola gigantica infection in cattle, sheep and donkeys

An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) was evaluated for its diagnostic capability in detecting antibodies against Fasciola gigantica infection in cattle, sheep and donkeys sera using crude worm, excretory–secretory and glutathione S-transferase antigens prepared from adult liver fluke. Presence of F. gigantica worms at post-mortem examination of cattle, sheep and donkey’s livers was taken as a gold standard for the evaluation of the assay. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy percentages of iELISA were determined for each antigen. Excretory–secretory antigen gave the best results for the serodiagnosis of F. gigantica infection in cattle, sheep and donkeys using iELISA with diagnostic sensitivity percentages of 93.3%, 94.9% and 93.3%, respectively, while the specificity percentages were 96.7%, 97.2% and 96.3%, respectively, whereas the accuracy percentages were 95%, 96% and 95.7%, respectively. The diagnostic sensitivity percentages of iELISA using crude worm antigen were 96.7%, 100% and 93.3%, respectively, while the specificity percentages were 80%, 83.3% and 85.2%, respectively, whereas the accuracy percentages were 88.3%, 86.7% and 87%, respectively. The diagnostic sensitivity percentages of iELISA using glutathione S-transferase antigen were 66.7%, 71.8% and 60%, respectively, while the specificity percentages were 70%, 77.8% and 77.8%, respectively, whereas the accuracy percentages were 68.3%, 74.7% and 73.9%, respectively. Conclusively, excretory–secretory antigen dependent iELISA can be used as a reliable serodiagnostic test for F. gigantica infection in cattle, sheep and donkeys.     

东方田鼠血清筛选噬菌体展示抗原对小鼠日本血吸虫病免疫效果观察

本研究利用前期研究中东方田鼠血清筛选日本血吸虫成虫噬茵体展示cDNA文库获得的10个阳性克隆中的8个噬茵体克隆单独或联合免疫BALB/c小鼠,观察对日本血吸虫病的免疫预防效果,以筛选其中具有发展成疫苗的候选抗原编码基因.研究发现与空白对照组相比,展示血吸虫锌指蛋白的1号噬茵体克隆免疫组在两次实验中分别获得了32.10%和31.25%的减虫率、61.14%和47.31%的肝脏减卵率,虫体合抱率分别由92.59%、57.39%下降到69.09%、41.03%;其它噬茵体克隆单独免疫组或联合免疫组在第一次实验中均获得了8.02%～32.72%的减虫率和40.19%～69.53%的减卵率,但在第二次实验中未能得到验证.研究结果提示,日本血吸虫环状锌指蛋白(1号克隆)编码基因在疫苗方面具有重要研究价值.     

Levels of mRNA for three selenoproteins in skeletal muscle of fetal and newborn pigs

Selenoproteins have wide-ranging functions throughout the body, including important roles in protection against oxidative stress, as well as muscle development and integrity. In this study, prepubertal gilts were randomly assigned to either a Se-sufficient or deficient diet (n = 12/treatment). Levels of mRNA coding for the selenoproteins glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx-1), selenoprotein W (SelW) and selenoprotein N (SelN) and the concentration of Se in fetal and neonatal swine skeletal muscle (gluteus maximus) were measured at time intervals throughout gestation and immediately after birth. Total RNA was isolated from skeletal muscle, and cDNA was synthesized for real-time RT-PCR analysis of the selected selenoproteins. Selenium concentration in skeletal muscle of fetal and newborn pigs decreased throughout gestation (P < 0.0001) and was lower (P < 0.05) when dams were fed the low Se diet. Levels of GPx-1 mRNA in fetal skeletal muscle were unaffected by maternal Se intake nor did GPx-1 mRNA levels change during late gestation. Selenoprotein W mRNA levels increased (P = 0.01) in fetal skeletal muscle during late gestation but were reduced (P = 0.05) by low maternal intake of Se. Levels of SelN mRNA showed a gestational time by treatment interaction (P < 0.05). The increased levels of SelW mRNA in skeletal muscle during late gestation, despite a decrease in Se concentration, indicate that SelW may be an important antioxidant protein to the late term fetus and the newborn.