对200字段中汉语拼音信息著录规范化、标准化问题的点滴认识

论述了CNMARC格式200字段中汉语拼音子字段的概念与意义,分析了现阶段编目工作中汉语拼音信息著录不规范、不标准的形式及产生的原因,并结合工作实际,探讨进行规范控制的主要内容及途径。     

关于牧区牲畜头数抽样调查方法的探讨

多年来,我国各地牧区每年都进行牲畜普查,不仅需要花费大量的人力、物力、时间,而且普查资料的准确性也是很难保证。特别是随着牧区家庭承包经营责任制的实行,普查的对象由原来集体经营的生产队变成千家万户牧民,而牧区居住分散,交通不便,更给普查工作带来许多新的困难。在新形势下,为了以较少的人力、物力、时间,取得每年的牲畜头数资料,满足各级领导的需要,就必须进行统计调查方法的改革,即     

昆虫种群呈Neyman和截尾负二项分布的抽样技术探讨

据抽样理论,本文提出了总体呈奈曼(Neyman)分布和截尾负二项分布的8个理论抽样模式。应用x~2检验得知白背飞虱8月初成、若虫在田间拟合Neyman4型(n=4)分布,卵呈截尾负二项分布,进而得到相应的理论抽样数模式。     

论农业科技论文写作的规范化

针对当前农业科技论文中常见问题，结合笔者工作实践及本刊要求，参照有关国际、国家标准和规范，论述了农业科技论文写作的规范化要求，以期为广大作者提供参考     

麦黑斑潜叶蝇幼虫空间分布及抽样技术研究

研究结果表明 :麦黑斑潜叶蝇幼虫在小麦田属于聚集分布 ,分布的基本成分是个体群 ,聚集度随着种群密度升高而增大 ;幼虫在不同虫口密度下最适抽样公式为 :N =t2 ( 2 .90 3 3 /m +0 .3 2 73 ) /D2 ;有虫株率与平均虫口密度关系式为 :m =-0 .0 62 6+0 .0 3 67p(r=0 .992 4 )。     

抽样调查中最优轮换率的确定

提出了在林业信息资料的抽样调查中，最优样本轮换率的问题，根据抽样理论构造均值加权估计量，应用解条件极值的数学方法，确定最优样本轮换率就是样本的老化系统，并分析了几种具体情况。     

Technology and Infrastructure Considerations for E-Commerce in Chinese Agriculture

Information technology （IT） was one of the most intensively studied and extensively applied technologies in the 20th century and its research and application will be even more accelerated in the 21st century. The impact of IT is more farreaching than any one may have had imagined, encompassing all facets and sectors of society. Economically, e-commerce generated more than $1.5 trillion in the US in 2004 and is projected to be 30, 15 and 2.6% of the total manufacturing, whole sales and retail sales in the US in 2006 respectively. IT research in agriculture has so far been particularly applied to such fields as precision farming and bioinformatics and in extension and farming practices. As such, its potential application in agricultural e-commerce has only begun to be explored. The United States Department of Agriculture has identified four different functions that e-commerce firms perform in the agricultural sector. They are： （1） information distribution, （2） input supply, （3） commodity trading floor, and （4） logistics/supply chain management. Unlike other industrial products, agricultural products are much more diverse and difficult to process and handle. For instance, fruits and vegetables are perishable and have to reach the market and the hands of consumers within a short period of time. One of the problems for IT applications in agriculture is the lack of standard measures in characteristics and quality of perishable produce and processing foods. Standards are pre-requisites for effective IT application and e-commerce. According to the Global Commerce Initiative, standards bring scalability, portability and affordability to the business process. Standards speed up the supply chain and reduce errors and protect technology investments and ensure system to system interaction and interoperability. Because the complexity of issues involved in standardization, the process of standardization must involve the input and discussion from all segments of the society. Being the largest agricultural country in the world and one of the most active trading partners in the international market, China must also be involved in determining the standards for both domestic and international trades. These measures are the necessary foundations for e-commerce in agriculture. In this paper, we provide a review of the technological development of standardization and coding that are prerequisites for IT application in e-commerce. This understanding is important for professionals in China to promote e- commerce in agriculture. Finally, we propose that a national committee to be formed in China, which includes IT experts from private sectors, academic professionals and governmental officials. This committee should consider the progress being made elsewhere in the world, the unique properties of Chinese commodities and appropriate business models to determine a set of standard measures that are transportable and communicable digitally in the world market for China＇s e- commerce in agriculture.     

表层土壤盐分空间变异性及合理采样数与信息估计

本文以气候寒冷干燥、具有土壤盐碱化问题的中国河套灌区为背景，将地质统计学和经典统计学理论结合评价实验场土壤表层盐分的空间分布特征及其变异性。用经典统计学理论确定了土壤盐分田间监测的合理采样数目与空间采样法则。在用地质统计学理论对变差函数理论模型最优性检验基础上，采用ＯＫ法对实验场表层土壤盐分空间分布进行了最优无偏估计。结果表明ＯＫ法用于内插估计精度较高；而用于外推估计精度略低，需对误差进行控制方可适当外推。以便利用样本对总体进行估计，并指导野外采样与监测。     

‘仲秋红'油桃标准化关键技术研究

经过2004～2009年对'仲秋红'油桃标准化关键技术的试验研究,摸清了'仲秋红'油桃的植物学特性和生长结果规律,探索其配套栽培技术,制订出其标准化生产技术规程,编制了周年管理历,为今后进行产业化开发提供了技术保障.     

Dual origin of the cultivated rice based on molecular markers of newly collected annual and perennial strains of wild rice species, Oryza nivara and O. rufipogon

The direct ancestor of rice (Oryza sativa L.) is believed to be AA genome wild relatives of rice in Asia. However, the AA genome wild relatives involve both annual and perennial forms. The distribution of the retrotransposon p-SINE1-r2, a short interspersed nuclear element (SINE) at the waxy locus was analyzed in diverse accessions of the AA genome wild relatives of rice (O. rufipogon sensu lato). Most annual wild rice accessions had this retrotransposon, while most perennial types lacked this element, contradicting results to the previous studies. Results presented here suggest that O. sativa has dual origin that lead to indica-japonica differentiation. Results suggest the indica line of rice varieties evolved from the annual genepool of AA genome and the japonica varieties from the perennial genepool of AA genome wild rice.