树种各疏密度条件下密度与直径的关系

本文以杉木人工林和落叶松天然林标准地数据为材料,应用D=aN~bP~cS~dH~e数学模型进行计算分析,并从理论上证明,当同一树种的树高一定时,疏密度和株数相同,各地位指数(级)林分平均直径一致。为森林的抚育间伐,林分直径生长的预测、预报,确定林分工艺成熟龄及森林调查设计等提供了理论依据和重要参数。     

不同种源白杨皮漆树种仁含油率及脂肪酸成分分析

为了了解种源地对白杨皮漆树种仁含油率及漆油中脂肪酸成分的影响情况,从而给以不饱和脂肪酸为目标的漆树新品种的选育提供参考依据,以种源地分别为贵州省的大方县、云南省的富源县和怒江傈僳族自治州、陕西省的岚皋县的白杨皮漆树种籽为试材,应用索氏提取法和气相色谱-质谱联用技术,对其种仁含油率和漆油中的脂肪酸成分分别进行了测定。结果表明:4个种源地的白杨皮漆树其种仁含油率分别为17.4%、22.1%、13.3%、13.1%,不同种源的种仁含油率间存在极显著差异;4个种源地的白杨皮漆树其种籽油中的脂肪酸成分间也存在差异,其中,贵州大方的白杨皮漆油中脂肪酸的种类最多(共有23种),云南怒江的白杨皮漆油中脂肪酸的种类最少(共有20种);4个种源地的白杨皮漆油中不饱和脂肪酸的总含量间存在较大差别,其总含量范围在65.76%~81.10%之间,波幅为15.34%;从4个种源地的白杨皮漆油中检测出的脂肪酸的种类均不低于20种,其主要脂肪酸的含量分别占其脂肪酸总含量的96.99%、96.88%、97.31%、98.07%。     

天然林保护工程多目标分类经营研究

根据国情、林情和可持续经营的原则,在总结近半个世纪以来天然林经营的生产经验和科研成果的基础上,吸取当代世界先进的分类经营经验,提出以封山育林、营林为基础,按区域、多级序的分类经营模式。     

Multidisciplinary assessment of agricultural innovation and its impact: a case study of lowland rice variety WITA 9 in Côte d’Ivoire

ABSTRACT

Information on comprehensive evaluation of agricultural innovations is often limited. This study provides an overview of multidisciplinary evaluation of a lowland rice variety, WITA 9 (released in Côte d’Ivoire in 1998), with respect to its agronomic performance, grain quality, resistance to diseases, adoption by farmers, impact on productivity and farmers’ income, and marketability. WITA 9 had the highest paddy yield among the tested varieties including an international check (IR 64) and recently developed varieties adapted to this country. WITA 9 had a higher amylose content (26–28%) than others tested. This study confirmed its resistance to bacterial leaf blight, Rice yellow mottle virus (RYMV), and rice blast. A household survey showed that the adoption rate was 24%, its paddy yield advantage was 0.7 t ha^–1, and its adoption increased farmer’s income by US$ 91 ha^–1 per season. A market study showed that consumers’ willingness to pay was higher for WITA 9 than any other locally produced rice variety and comparable to imported rice in one of two markets. We conclude that WITA 9 is an ideal innovation for enhancing productivity and rice import substitution in Côte d’Ivoire. An effective seed delivery system and enhancing farmers’ and consumers’ awareness of this variety are vital for accelerating impact.     

春黄菊族部分植物CYC2d同源基因的分离与功能初步分析

CYC同源基因作为控制花瓣对称性形成的关键基因,在菊科头状花序中主要调控着舌状花(两侧对称)的生长发育。菊科植物中舌状花的有或无及其分子调控机制和演化过程一直备受关注。本研究从花型不同的川甘亚菊、戈壁短舌菊和神农香菊中分别同源克隆了转录因子基因CYC2d。3个序列与菊花CmCYC2d基因氨基酸序列的比对结果显示其同源性均超过90%,且均含有保守的TCP和R结构域。半定量RT-qPCR结果显示,CYC2d在地被菊品种‘毛香玉’幼嫩花序中的表达量最高,而在川甘亚菊和戈壁短舌菊中的表达量非常微弱。因此,进一步通过实时荧光定量检测了CmCYC2d在‘毛香玉’6个发育时期舌状花和管状花中的表达情况,结果表明, CmCYC2d各个时期管状花中的表达量均很低,而在相应时期舌状花中的表达均很丰富。在不同花型的杂交F1代优株中,CmCYC2d也主要在不同位置的舌状花中高表达。通过农杆菌转化重组质粒pSUPER1300-CmCYC2d-GFP在烟草表皮细胞瞬时表达,亚细胞定位结果显示其定位于表皮细胞核。分别在野生型拟南芥和tcp1突变体(SALK-022364)中过表达CmCYC2d基因的结果表明,转基因阳性株系的营养生长受到抑制,花期延迟,花瓣大小和排列均发生了变化,使原本辐射对称的花瓣呈现两侧对称的趋势。从研究结果可知, 转录因子基因CmCYC2d对菊花舌状花的发育有重要调控作用。本研究为菊科舌状花演化的分子调控机制研究奠定了基础。      

水稻“三控”节本增效集成技术在江西的再创新与推广

水稻“三控”施肥技术是以控肥、控苗、控病虫（简称“三控”）为主要内容的一种新型施肥技术。引进江西后,在试验示范过程中常出现分蘖肥、穗粒肥施用时期与当地传统施肥习惯不一致的情况,造成除草效果不佳、生产成本提高及稻米品质难控制等一些问题。针对此情况,开展了其关键技术的研究攻关,再创新了适合江西推广应用的水稻“三控”节本增效技术。与传统施肥习惯相比,该技术可实现水稻增产408.0 kg/hm²、节省成本258.0元/hm²,最终节本增效1 287.0元/hm²。     

LHRHa‐induced ovulation of the endangered‐Caspian brown trout (Salmo trutta caspius) and its effect on egg quality and two sex steroids: testosterone and 17α‐hydroxyprogestrone

To induce synchronized ovulation, migrating wild Caspian brown trout (Salmo trutta caspius) females were treated with two interperitoneal injections of Des‐Gly¹⁰, d ‐Ala⁶ LHRH (LHRHa), given 3 days apart. Two injections of 100 μg kg^?1 body weight of this hormone effectively induced ovulation. Within 27 days from the second injection, all fish injected with 100 μg kg^?1 LHRHa had ovulated compared with 54.5% of the controls. The mean time to ovulation was reduced significantly (P<0.05) from 31.67±4.84 days in control fish and 28.83±7.31 days in sham‐treated fish to 16.36±1.61 days in fish injected with 100 μg kg^?1 LHRHa. The fertilization rate in 50 and 100 μg kg^?1 LHRHa‐injected fish was significantly lower than that in the control fish (P<0.05). In fish injected with 50 and 100 μg kg^?1 LHRHa, significant (P<0.05) changes in testosterone (T) and 17α‐hydroxyprogestrone (OHP) levels were observed. After the second LHRHa injection, the fish injected with 100 μg kg^?1 showed the highest serum levels of testosterone and OHP. These results demonstrate that the use of LHRHa can effectively reduce the mean time to ovulation and induce synchronized ovulation in Caspian brown trout.     

鸡Camk2d基因外显子15的SNP发现、检测及与经济性状的关联分析

克隆了鸡Camk2d基因的部分片段并发现Camk2d基因第15外显子51bp处有一C→T碱基转换的沉默突变,该突变位点具有VspI酶切多态,通过PCR-RFLP技术对我国乌骨鸡、鹿苑鸡、固始鸡、白耳鸡、仙居鸡、斗鸡和大骨鸡等7个不同地方品种鸡进行了基因型检测。结果表明:在7个品种中存在3种基因型(CC、CT、TT),χ2检验显示在各品种间基因型存在不同差异。同时在藏鸡,隐性白羽鸡,杂交鸡(藏♂×隐♀)和75%血液藏鸡[藏♂×(藏♂×隐♀)♀]群体中进行了基因-性状关联分析,结果表明,该SNP位点与腹脂存在极显著相关(P<0.01),与肌肉pH值显著相关(P<0.05)。     

The Development of FMT System for Measuring Motion Property of The Drivetrain

This paper introduces the principle and characteristics of a new motion property testing and analysing system and its application.