不同蛋白源饲粮下断奶仔猪小肠中增食欲素受体2的表达特征

为探讨不同蛋白源饲粮对断奶仔猪小肠中增食欲素受体2（HCRTR2）的表达特征,研究采用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测HCRTR2的mRNA在断奶后分别饲喂动物蛋白替代30％总蛋白饲粮（处理1）及全植物性蛋白饲粮（处理2）0、3、7、14日龄大约克猪空肠中的表达特征。结果表明,不同蛋白源饲粮对日CR豫2基因mRNA的表达均有影响;与断奶0日龄相比．在处理1中,断奶3、7和14日龄时,HCRTR2的表达分别上升了4.30、6．60和4．12倍;处理2中,断奶3、7、14日龄HCRTR2基因mRNA的表达量分别为断奶0日龄时的0．71、1．44和4．50倍。结论：不同蛋白源饲粮对HCRTR2基因mRNA的表达均有影响。     

2008～2011年中国部分地区猪圆环病毒2型的分子流行病学调查

为了解2008~2011年中国部分地区猪圆环病毒2型(Porcine circovirus type 2,PCV2)分子流行病学变化趋势,本实验室共采集福建省、江西省、广东省、安徽省、浙江省、河南省、河北省、广西壮族自治区、内蒙古自治区、上海市、江苏省和山西省共12个省(市、区)的健康猪群和发病猪群共452份样品,对其进行病原学检测,并通过扩增、克隆和测序共获得31株PCV2 ORF2基因编码序列。结果显示,452份样品中,有354份样品检测为PCV2阳性,感染率高达78.3%。对31株ORF2基因序列的分析和比对结果表明,31株PCV2均为PCV2b基因型,其中有21株归类于PCV1A/1B基因亚群,而10株为PCV1C亚群;对31株PCV2 ORF2编码氨基酸序列比对分析表明PCV2基因亚型具有其特异的氨基酸变异位点,这对于临床上区别PCV2亚型具有一定的指导意义。从基因水平上来说,自2008年以来中国以PCV 1A/1B亚群为主要流行致病株,但值得我们关注的是,PCV 1C亚群毒株从无到有并有逐渐增多的趋势,将来可能在PCV2的流行毒株中占据主要地位。     

猪链球菌2型四川分离株毒力基因的检测及其序列分析

根据猪链球菌2型的MRP、EPF和SLY基因设计合成了四对引物,对我们分离鉴定的2005四川分离株进行毒力因子检测,并对阳性产物测序比较。结果以分离株为模板,获得了与预期结果一致的867bp(MRP)、572bp(EF)的2个片段,以及SLY的长度为1502bp目的片段(外引物)和1443bp的目的片段(内引物)。说明分离株SSsc0501为MRP+EF+SLY+,属于具有3种主要毒力因子的强毒株。经对PCR阳性产物测序及序列分析,结果其与P1/7株的核苷酸序列完全一致,与1933株的同源性达99.7%,仅在128位、217位、744位、1380位、1386位的5个核苷酸发生突变。在氨基酸水平上SSsc0501株与1933株的同源性达99.6%,有2个氨基酸发生替代。     

小肽转运载体2及其在乳腺泌乳中的作用

作为一种潜在的重要的乳腺小肽转运系统,PepT2在乳腺氨基酸氮转运、降低乳汁药物分布以及乳腺疾病治疗方面都起到重要作用.对PepT2在乳腺中作用的深入研究在泌乳生理和临床治疗上都有着非常重要的意义.本文主要从PepT2的蛋白质结构与功能、底物转运特性、表达调控以及其在泌乳生理中的作用4个方面进行简要综述.     

猪链球菌2型溶血素B细胞表位预测

目的预测猪链球菌2型(SS2)溶血素(SLY)B细胞表位。方法以DNAstar分析为主,综合分析二级结构、亲水性、表面可及性及抗原性指数,辅以吴玉章氨基酸抗原指数计算方法进行SS2溶血素B细胞表位预测。结果推测最有可能的B细胞表位位于溶血素N端第74～85、231～244区域位。结论应用多参数预测SS2溶血素的特征,为表位疫苗的研制奠定了基础。     

Serum chloramphenicol levels and the intramuscular bioavailability of several parenteral formulations of chloramphenicol in ruminants

Summary

Serum chloramphenicol concentrations were determined by microbiological and chemical assay methods in cows, ewes, and goats treated parenterally with seven different veterinary parenteral chloramphenicol products, including the water soluble sodium succinate ester of chloramphenicol and solutions of 20%, 25% and 50% of chloramphenicol base in various organic solvents. Serum drug concentrations were analyzed for the effect of product formulation differences, dosage, whether the drug was administered i.m. at a single body site or to two sites, and the method of assay, on the absorption from the injection site, peak drug levels, and the persistence in serum of effective concentrations of the drug i.e. 5 to 10 ug / ml. Although differences were observed among the 6 products containing chloramphenicol base in respect to absorption rate and peak serum drug levels, and although these differences significantly influenced the persistence of microbiologically‐active serum drug concentrations at the level of ≥ 10 μg / ml, they did not at the level of ≥ 5 μg / ml.

In the animal species examined, injections given at 2 sites appeared to influence the duration of predetermined serum drug levels more than the differences among the products in respect of the absorption and elimination rates from serum, the peak serum concentrations, and the dose. The shapes of the concentration‐to‐time curves in cows and ewes injected with the same dose of a given product were essentially the same, but they were different in goats. Serum chloramphenicol concentrations measured chemically after treatment with chloramphenicol base were 20% to 46% higher than those measured microbiologically.

For 60 minutes after the sodium succinate ester had been administered i.v. and i.m. to ewes, the chemically determined chloramphenicol levels were more than twice as high as the respective concentrations determined by microbiological assay, but thereafter, the magnitude of those differences was not greater than observed after treatment with chloramphenicol base.

Intramuscular bioavailability of the products containing chloramphenicol base injected at 2 sites was rather poor (51% to 80.5%ofthe dose) and even lower values were calculated after injection at a single site.

Results are briefly discussed of the effect of dosage form on the persistence of microbiologically effective serum drug levels. A dose of at least 50 mg / kg to be administered i.m. at two sites are essential prerequisits for chloramphenicol therapy in ruminants.     

Effects of Momordica grosvenori Saponins on Type 2 Diabetes Rats Induced by High-sucrose/High-fat Diet and Streptozotocin

The purpose of the experiment was to study the effect of Momordica grosvenori saponins on improving the effect of high-sucrose/high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetes in rats.The type 2 diabetes rat model was established with a high-sucrose and high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin.Successfully modeled rats were given the total saponins of Momordica grosvenori (100,200,400 mg/kg) or metformin (268 mg/kg) by gavage,once a day for 4 weeks.Recording the "three more and one less"index (24 h internal urine output,water intake and feed intake,body weight);Detecting of biochemical indicators,analysis of fasting blood glucose (FBG),serum total cholesterol (TC),triglycerides (TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),insulin (INS),catalase (CAT),superoxide dismutase (SOD),malondialdehyde (MDA),alanine aminotransferase (AST),aspartate aminotransferase (ALT),blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) levels.Hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) was used to observe the pathological changes of the pancreas.Compared with the model group,the feed intake,water intake,urine output,blood indicators FBG,INS,MDA,TC,TG,BUN and Cr levels,AST and ALT activities were significantly or extremely significantly decreased in the total saponins of Momordica grosvenori each dose group and metformin group (P<0.05;P<0.01),while CAT,SOD activities and HDL-C level were significantly or extremely significantly increased (P<0.05;P<0.01).In pancreatic tissue,the number of pancreatic cells was increased significantly,and the pathological damage of the pancreas was significantly reduced. Momordica grosvenori saponins and metformin had obvious effects on improving glucose metabolism disorders,and at the same time could significantly reduce insulin resistance,enhance the body’s ability to resist oxidative stress and improve liver and kidney functions.     

猪圆环病毒2型LN株初步分离与全基因组测序

为了解猪圆环病毒2型(PCV-2)在河南地区猪场的流行情况,采用常规方法对采集自河南省洛阳市某猪场病料中的PCV-2进行了分离,并对其全基因组进行了扩增、克隆和测序。结果表明,从患病仔猪的病料中分离到了1株PCV-2,命名为LN株,该毒株的全基因组序列大小为1 767 bp。该试验结果为从分子水平上揭示PCV-2的致病特性,开发PCV-2的相关疫苗和诊断产品奠定了基础。     

家蚕葡萄糖-甲醇-胆碱氧化还原酶家族基因BmGMCβ2的克隆及序列与表达分析

葡萄糖-甲醇-胆碱氧化还原酶(glucose-methanol-choline oxidoreductases,GMC)家族是昆虫体内一大类以黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸(FAD)为辅酶的氧化还原酶类,家蚕基因组中含有43个GMC家族基因。以家蚕5龄幼虫cDNA为模板克隆到一个家蚕GMC家族基因,命名为BmGMCβ2(GenBank登录号:JQ965926)。该基因cDNA全长1 875 bp,编码624个氨基酸,预测蛋白质分子质量为69.3 kD,pI为6.21,定位于家蚕16号染色体的nscaf3058上,编码蛋白质含GMC家族共有的ADP-bindingβ-α-β折叠结构域。系统发育分析表明该基因是家蚕GMC家族β亚家族基因成员。RT-PCR检测家蚕不同发育时期和5龄第3天幼虫不同组织中BmGMCβ2基因mRNA转录水平,以5龄盛食期最高,并且主要在表皮、脂肪体和气管中转录表达;Westernblotting分析BmGMCβ2蛋白主要在5龄第3天幼虫的脂肪体中表达。将BmGMCβ2克隆到原核表达载体pET-28a(+)中,转化E.coli BL21表达菌株,IPTG诱导表达BmGMCβ2融合蛋白,通过His-亲和层析得到纯化的融合蛋白并制备多克隆抗体,为后续研究该蛋白在家蚕生长发育过程中的功能奠定了基础。     

VP2蛋白Cys-402、Cys-214对猪细小病毒VLPs影响的初步研究

试验以猪细小病毒VP2 Cys-402(A)、Cys-214(B) 定点突变体为基础,将突变体真核表达载体转染COS-7细胞及核酸免疫猪细小病毒抗体阴性的小白鼠,通过电镜技术和流式细胞仪技术探讨突变Cys-402、Cys-214对猪细小病毒病毒样颗粒的影响,旨在寻找利于外源基因插入的病毒样颗粒内部位点.电镜和小白鼠核酸免疫试验结果表明:Cys-214对病毒样颗粒的组装和免疫原性的发挥是必需的,其突变后不能促使VP2形成病毒样颗粒,更不能在免疫后的小白鼠血清中监测出相应抗体的存在;而Cys-402的突变并不干扰病毒样颗粒的形成和免疫原性的发挥.由此可以推测Cys-402及其附近可能存在利于外源基因插入的位点.