猪流感病毒A/swine/Guangdong/2/2012(H1N1)毒株攻毒BALB/c小鼠细胞因子动态变化的研究

为了测定H1N1亚型猪流感病毒(swine influenza virus,SIV)对小鼠的致病性,本试验对A/swine/Guangdong/2/2012(H1N1)株SIV HA基因进行克隆及遗传分析,并将SIV尿囊液经鼻腔感染6周龄BALB/c小鼠,观察感染后小鼠的一般状况、器官系数和组织病理学变化,在病毒感染后第1、3和7天使用荧光定量PCR测定小鼠肺脏、脾脏、脑组织中7种细胞因子mRNA的表达量,研究其对小鼠的致病特性。结果显示,该病毒属于经典SIV,病毒经鼻腔感染后可引起小鼠活动减少、采食量降低,但无咳嗽和死亡;病理组织学变化为肺间隔较正常组织明显增厚,毛细血管明显扩张充血,周围肺泡腔呈代偿性肺气肿;小鼠肺脏、脾脏组织样本中IFN-α、IFN-β、IP-10、IL-1β、TNF-α、IRF-3和IL-10 mRNA含量在感染后第3天均显著升高(P<0.05),而脑组织样本中IL-1β和IL-10在小鼠攻毒后第3和7天均显著上调(P<0.05)。     

Effects of Different Milk Samples on Sensitization in BALB/c Mice

In order to study the allergenicity of camel milk,cow milk and human milk,sixty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) group (positive control group),cow milk group,camel milk group,human milk group and blank group (negative control group). Each group of mice received 1 mg/g BW samples and 0.3 μg/g cholera toxin (CT) per week,while mice in control group were received PBS and CT. After six weeks of intragastric administration,some allergic symptoms,the serum specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) and immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) levels,plasma histamine levels and vascular permeability were detected. The results showed that the body weight of mice in camel milk,human milk and blank groups were normally increased,while that in β-lg and cow milk groups tended to slow down. The serum-specific IgE,IgG1 levels and histamine level in β-lg and cow milk groups were extremely significantly higher than blank group (P<0.01),the vascular permeability was increased,and the allergy symptoms were obvious. While the specific IgE and IgG1 levels of camel milk group were extremely significantly lower than cow milk group (P<0.01),but there were no significant difference with human milk group (P>0.05),and the allergy symptoms were mild. This study showed that the sensitization of camel milk was lower than cow milk,and similar to human milk.     

郏县红牛SREBP-1c基因84 bp缺失突变的检测及其对6个生长性状的影响

旨在研究牛SREBP-1c基因内含子7区域84bp缺失的遗传多态性及其对生长性状的影响。本试验以中国地方品种郏县红牛共计441头个体为实验动物,通过DNA测序技术和琼脂糖凝胶电泳方法检测该区域缺失突变的多态性。结果发现,在该突变位点检测到2种基因型:WW和WD型,等位基因W和D频率分别为0.8651和0.1349。He、Ne和PIC值都很低,说明在本突变位点遗传多态性不够丰富。该突变位点处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态(P0.05)。该位点的多态性与郏县红牛6个生长性状指标关联分析显示,郏县红牛WD基因型个体在12、18、24月龄的体质量和胸围显著高于WW基因型个体(P0.01或P0.05),基因型WD个体在18、24月龄的体斜长显著高于WW基因型个体(P0.05),基因型WD个体在18月龄的平均日增体质量显著高于WW基因型个体(P0.01)。初步认为WD型是提高黄牛体质量和体尺指标性状的有利基因型。本研究结果表明,黄牛SREBP-1c基因内含子7区域84bp缺失位点可作为郏县红牛生长性状的潜在分子育种标记,具有很大的研究价值。     

Secondary minerals from extrapedogenic per latus acidic weathering environments at geomorphic edges, Eastern Nebraska, USA

Acidic weathering of the sulfidic Upper Cretaceous Carlile and Pierre Shales in Nebraska has led to the precipitation of the Al sulfate–hydroxide minerals aluminite, alunite, “basaluminite”/felsöbányaite (e.g.,), the aluminum hydroxides gibbsite and bayerite, and the rare Al phosphate hydroxide vashegyite. Kaolinite has also been produced as a result of this acidic weathering. These minerals do not appear as neoformed constituents in any extant soils in the region, and their existence underscores the ability of pyrite oxidation to produce major changes in mineralogy on a Holocene to Recent time scale. Jarosite, hydronium jarosite, gypsum, halotrichite, and melanterite also appear as secondary minerals in the weathered shales. Acidic weathering and the formation of new minerals is extrapedogenic because it occurs well below the limit of modern soil sola. These processes also occur at the edges of major landscape elements and can be considered to have a strong lateral component processes, making them “per latus” processes in our usage.     

羊驼细胞色素C氧化酶VIc亚基基因序列的测定与分析

本研究通过克隆分析羊驼细胞色素c氧化酶VIc亚基基因的序列,对羊驼细胞色素c氧化酶的VIc亚基基因的结构和功能进行了初步探索。实验利用免疫印迹技术（Southern blotting）对已有羊驼皮肤cDNA文库进行筛选并测序,结果表明该基因大小为424bp,含一个完整的ORF,位于36～266bp,编码77个氨基酸。对该基因序列分析表明：该基因编码的蛋白质含有疏水性区域、一个跨膜区并具有信号肽。同源性分析表明,核苷酸序列同源性为76％～100％。     

"一带一路"倡议对中国茶叶出口的影响——基于渐进双重差分模型的实证分析

“一带一路”倡议是促进中国茶叶出口的重大机遇,但是现有研究缺乏对其实际效果的系统评估。基于2009—2018年中国与40个主要茶叶进口国家和地区的面板数据,运用渐进双重差分模型评估了“一带一路”倡议对中国茶叶出口增长的政策影响。结果表明,在控制其他影响变量的条件下,“一带一路”倡议对于中国茶叶整体出口额增长具有一定的正向影响;进一步的产品异质性分析表明,“一带一路”倡议显著促进了中国绿茶出口的增长,但对红茶出口的作用尚不显著。此外,在控制变量中,国家和地区的人均GDP以及经济开放水平的提高也能够显著促进中国茶叶出口增长。最后对我国茶叶出口贸易如何把握“一带一路”政策机遇提出了对策建议。     

吊脚楼里的传统土家族家具研究

在分析吊脚楼的起源、发展、历史文化背景的前提下,用中国传统家具的分类方法对土家族家具进行分类;在选材、装饰手法和造型特色等方面与其他传统家具比较异同,揭示了土家族家具的民族特色。     

不同质地土壤夏玉米生育后期光合特性比较研究

在4种质地不同的土壤和2种施肥水平下,研究了玉米的光合特性。结果表明,黏壤土、壤土、砂质壤土和壤质黏土玉米生育后期光合速率（Pn）差异达显著或极显著水平,玉米生育后期各处理的光合参数的日变化存在明显差异,不同质地土壤玉米Pn、Ls表现为黏壤土＞壤土＞壤质黏土＞砂质壤土,Ci表现为砂质壤土＞壤质黏土＞壤土＞黏壤