不同时间采摘的槐角中芦丁和槐角苷的含量测定

[目的]研究槐角中芦丁和槐角苷含量与生长时间（采摘时间）的关系,确定不同应用目的槐角药材的最佳采摘时间。[方法]在2006～2008年的89、1、0月中旬分别采摘槐角样品,采用无水甲醇连续提取法提取槐角中的总黄酮,并用HPLC法测定提取物中芦丁和槐角苷含量。色谱条件：色谱柱为Diamonsil C18（150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm）;流动相为无水甲醇-浓度1%冰醋酸-乙腈（30.4∶64.6∶5,V/V/V）;流速为1.0 ml/min;检测波长为260 nm。[结果]8月中旬采摘的槐角中芦丁的含量最高,为（0.87±0.16）%8,月中旬以后采摘的槐角中芦丁的含量逐渐降低;槐角苷在9月中旬到10月中旬达到高峰期,含量分别为（5.76±0.22）%和（5.33±0.39）%,明显高于冬季含量。[结论]槐角中芦丁和槐角苷含量具有明显的季节变化规律,而冬季恰是槐角中芦丁和槐角苷含量最低的时期。根据槐角的不同用途选择合适的采摘时间,为科学利用现有槐角资源提供一定的理论依据。     

金线莲优良种质筛选和快繁技术研究

金线莲Anoectochilus roxburgii素有“药王”、“神草”等美称,作为新兴的抗癌中药驰名全国。本实验对不同来源的金线莲进行芦丁、总氨基酸、总有机酸含量进行了检测。结果表明：1)芦丁总平均含量极低,实验组省平均水平为广西(J11)>福建(J1 - J5)>台湾(J6 - J8),又以广西平乐的金线莲(J11)为佳;2)总氨基酸含量栽培种(J1 - J8、J11)均值高于野生种(J9、J10),综合实验组各省表现为台湾(J6 - J8)>福建(J1 - J5)>浙江(J9、J10)>广西(J11),台湾桃园的金线莲(J8)含量明显高于其他几个样品;3)总有机酸含量台湾各来源(J6 - J8)依次高于广西(J11)和福建(J1 - J5),其中台湾桃园的(J8)含量最高。由上述结论得各来源中,台湾桃园的金线莲(J8)种质最为优良。本实验选择该来源种为组织培养材料,摸索其离体培养的最适条件,结果为：含1个茎节长0.8cm,形态学下端长于上端的茎段与1.5mg/L 6-BA + 0.5mg/L NAA的激素配比处理培养基为各自最佳处理条件,两者结合诱导成功率最高,可达91.7%。从而为珍稀药用植物金线莲优良种质的筛选培育和快繁保存提供理论依据。     

分光光度法测定垂头菊中黄酮含量的研究

采用分光光度法测定垂头菊中芦丁的含量.结果表明,吸光度在0.180～0.732范围内呈良好的线形关系,相关系数为0.999 8.芦丁回收率为101%,RSD为0.66%(n=6).     

芦丁在石墨烯修饰电极上的电化学行为及其灵敏检测

[目的]研究了芦丁在石墨烯修饰电极上的电化学行为及其测定方法。[方法]采用化学还原法,制备了氨基功能化的石墨烯,并用于构建灵敏的芦丁电化学传感器。采用循环伏安法和差分脉冲法,研究芦丁在该修饰电极上的电化学行为,并用差分脉冲法对芦丁进行检测。[结果]高比表面积和高导电性的石墨烯使芦丁在该传感器上表现出增强的电化学活性。电极反应动力学研究表明,芦丁在该修饰电极表面经历了一个受表面控制的准可逆过程。在最优试验条件下,芦丁的还原峰电流与其浓度在2×10-8～1×10-5 mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限(S/N=3)为1.0×10-8mol/L。[结论]该修饰电极具有良好的选择性和稳定性,可实现实际样品中芦丁含量的灵敏检测。     

高效液相色谱法测定水杉种子中芦丁的含量

以芦丁为标准物,采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定水杉种子中芦丁的含量。结果表明,芦丁的线性检测范围为0．0004～0．0400mg／ml,加样回收率为99．6％,RSD为0．96％。     

Rutin protects boar sperm from cryodamage via enhancing the antioxidative defense

This study was aimed to investigate whether and how Rutin protects boar sperm against cryoinjury during cryopreservation. Five concentrations of Rutin with 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 1.0, and 2.0 mM were added to the freezing extender of boar sperm, respectively, and the effects on quality and function of boar sperm after freezing‐thawing were assessed. The results showed that the sperm motility, mitochondrial activity, plasma membrane integrity, and acrosomal integrity were significantly improved in 0.4 mM and 0.6 mM Rutin groups (p < .05). Compared with ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP) or Tanshinone IIA, Rutin exhibited higher rates of mitochondrial activity and acrosome integrity (p < .05). Mechanistically, the addition of Rutin at the concentration of 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 mM significantly attenuated ROS accumulation and MDA production by improving antioxidant enzymatic activity, including SOD, CAT, and GSH‐Px (p < .05). Functionally, a higher penetration rate and the increased total efficiency of fertilization were observed in the 0.4, 0.6, and 1.0 mM Rutin groups than in the control group (p < .05). Moreover, the addition of Rutin (0.6 mM) significantly induced an increase in both the cleavage and blastocyst rates (p < .05). In summary, supplementation with Rutin in cryopreservation medium protects boar sperm against ROS attack by enhancing the antioxidative defense.     

槐豆中天然芦丁的提取工艺研究

[目的]研究槐豆中天然芦丁的提取工艺。[方法]以豫西山区的槐豆为原料,研究热水提冷析出法提取芦丁的最佳工艺条件,并对产品进行质量鉴定。[结果]槐豆中天然芦丁的最佳提取工艺条件为:在粉碎槐豆中加入8倍量的水,浸提30 min,抽滤,再加入5倍量的水,浸提20 min,抽滤,滤液静置10 h,析出沉淀,过滤,干燥得到粗芦丁,将粗芦丁用甲醇进一步浸提得到纯度高达48.0%的精制芦丁。该工艺提取率达18.0%,高于传统的碱提酸沉法2倍。经验证提取的芦丁的性质、结构与标准品芦丁一致,符合质量要求。[结论]从槐豆中提取的芦丁产品有广阔的市场前景。     

超高效液相色谱-紫外检测法测定肾复康合剂中落新妇苷和芦丁的含量

建立了超高效液相色谱(UPLC)测定肾复康合剂中主成分落新妇苷和芦丁的含量。采用反相高效液相色谱法对落新妇苷和芦丁进行色谱分离和快速定量测定。以ACQUITY UPLCTM C18色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7μm)为分离柱,柱温35℃;以乙腈-0.1%甲酸水溶液进行梯度洗脱;流速0.35 m L/min;进样量5μL;检测波长为204 nm。通过光谱图、保留时间和峰面积参数对落新妇苷和芦丁进行定性定量检测。落新妇苷在2～75μg/m L的范围内线性关系良好(R~20.998);方法检出限为1μg/m L,方法定量限为2μg/m L;芦丁在4～150μg/m L的范围内线性良好(R~20.996);方法检出限为2μg/m L,方法定量限为4μg/m L,完全满足检测需求。该方法色谱分离较好,分析速度较快,前处理简单,适用于肾复康合剂中落新妇苷和芦丁的定性定量检测。     

紫花苜蓿中芦丁的提取及抗菌活性研究

本研究通过正交试验优选了紫花苜蓿中芦丁的提取工艺,以510nm最大吸光度进行可见光谱检测,测定芦丁含量,并对两种供试菌进行了体外抑菌活性测定.结果表明,通过单因素试验确定的各因素影响能力大小为：料液比＞乙醇浓度＞超声提取时间,含量最高为10.04mg/g;大肠埃希氏杆菌的MIC为0.40mg/mL,金黄色葡萄球菌的MIC为0.70mg/mL.     

Quality and antioxidant properties of instant noodles enhanced with common buckwheat flour

The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of incorporating common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) into instant noodle formulations. Australian Soft (AS) and Baker's flours were used to evaluate the effects of varying buckwheat contents (0–40%) on noodle quality. The results of texture analysis indicate that noodles made using AS flour produced softer texture whereas there was minimal effect for Baker's flour when buckwheat was incorporated. The colour, measured by L* values, decreased with increased addition of buckwheat for both flours. Fat uptake for noodle samples made from AS flour was only marginally affected, but increased for Baker's flour, when higher levels of buckwheat flour were added. The antioxidant rutin was detected in noodles made from both wheat flours, generally increasing with % buckwheat flour added. These findings indicate that the incorporation of 20% buckwheat into the formulation can be used to enhance the quality of instant noodles.