锦鸡儿属几种植物总黄酮含量研究

用分光光度法分别测定了锦鸡儿属植物小叶锦鸡儿、南口锦鸡儿、树锦鸡儿、青海锦鸡儿、扁刺锦鸡儿、鬼箭锦鸡儿不同部位的总黄酮含量,发现总黄酮含量最高的部位为花(接近3％)和复叶(2％～3％),其次是茎的皮部(约1％),根中各部位的总黄酮含量较低(不足1％)。对叶、花等部位类黄酮等化学成分的研究有助于锦鸡儿属植物资源的可持续利用和生态环境的保护。     

芦丁在有序介孔碳修饰电极上的电化学行为及其测定

[目的]研究了芦丁在有序介孔碳修饰电极上的电化学行为及其测定方法。[方法]通过简单方法制备了有序介孔碳修饰热解石墨电极,利用循环伏安法和差分脉冲法研究芦丁在该修饰电极上的电化学行为,并用差分脉冲伏安法对芦丁进行测定。[结果]差分脉冲法测定芦丁,其氧化峰电流与浓度在2×10-8～1×10-5mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限可达7×10-9mol/L。[结论]该电极容易再生且稳定性较好,有望成为一种高灵敏度的芦丁电化学传感器。     

Antifungal capacity of major phenolic compounds of Olea europaea L. against Phytophthora megasperma Drechsler and Cylindrocarpon destructans (Zinssm.) Scholten

The phenolic composition of olive roots and stems was studied by high performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. The in vivo levels of the principal phenolic compounds found in olive plants infected by Phytophthora megasperma Drechsler and Cylindrocarpon destructans (Zinssm.) Scholten differed from the levels observed in non-infected plants. When the antifungal activity of these compounds against both fungi was studied in vitro, the most active were quercetin and luteolin aglycons, followed by rutin, oleuropein, p-coumaric acid, luteolin-7-glucoside, tyrosol and catechin. Microscopic study showed that these phenolic compounds affected the growth, morphology and ultrastructure of the fungi. Taken together, these findings suggest that the phenolic compounds present in olive plants play an active role in the protection against pathogen attack.     

银杏生长中黄酮含量变化规律研究初报

对湖北省安陆市不同品种、树龄、采收季节、干燥方式、嫁接苗与实生苗的银杏叶黄酮含量进行测试和对比分析，结果表明：银杏古树品种间的黄酮含量无显著差异；实生苗比嫁接苗含量高；10a以下幼树含量较大树高；9月份为银杏叶的适宜采收季节；采收后的银杏叶宜阴干后密封保存，长时间日晒、发霉变黄等保管不善会引起黄酮含量显著下降。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定金银花中黄酮类成分的含量

利用反相高效液相色谱法,配以二极管阵列检测器测定了金银花中芦丁和槲皮素的含量,建立了一种金银花的质量控制方法。色谱柱为Nova-Pak C18柱,流动相为甲醇和0.3%H3PO4(50∶50,体积比),流速0.6 ml/min,检测波长256 nm,柱温25℃。芦丁和槲皮素的平均回收率分别为97.9%和96.3%,RSD分别为1.5%和1.3%。该方法简单、灵敏、结果准确、重现性好,可同时分析金银花中2种黄酮类成分。     

AFLP fingerprinting of tartary buckwheat accessions (Fagopyrum tataricum) displaying rutin content variation

In light of the economic importance of buckwheat as well as existence of enormous accessions of Fagopyrum species in the Himalayan regions of India, the characterization of tartary buckwheat for rutin content variation vis-à-vis DNA fingerprinting was undertaken so as to identify fingerprint profiles unique to high rutin content accessions. Rutin content analysis in mature seeds of 195 accessions of Fagopyrum tataricum showed a wide range of variation (6 μg/mg to 30 μg/mg D.W.) with most of the accessions (81%) containing 10-16 μg/mg of rutin followed by 14% accessions with significantly higher rutin content (17 μg/mg to 30 μg/mg) and 5% accessions with low rutin content (≤10 μg/mg). AFLP fingerprinting of 18 accessions having high (≥17 μg/mg) and low rutin content (≤10 μg/mg) with 19 EcoRI/MseI primer combinations yielded 136 polymorphic fragments out of total 907. The hierarchical and model-based cluster analyses of AFLP data strongly suggested that the 18 populations of F. tataricum were clustered into two separate groups. The high and low rutin content accessions were clustered into two separate groups based on AFLP fingerprinting. The AFLP fingerprints associated with high rutin content accessions of F. tataricum are expected to be useful for evaluation, conservation and genetic improvement of buckwheat.     

哈尔滨市主栽花楸果实主成分测定分析

[目的]对哈尔滨市主栽花楸果实主成分进行测定分析.[方法]以哈尔滨市主栽的5个花楸种源的花楸果实作为研究材料,对它们进行了可溶性糖、总黄酮、芦丁等次生代谢产物含量的测定.[结果]5个花楸种源中的欧洲花楸US-05果实中可溶性总糖、总黄酮和芦丁含量均显著高于其他种源,分别达到6.389％、1.564 1％和6.986 744 μg/ml.[结论]筛选出欧洲花楸US-05为适于哈尔滨地区栽培的药用花楸种源.     

吸光光度法测定芹菜中的总黄酮

采用回流提取法,研究了乙醇浓度、温度、料液比、提取时间对旱芹和西芹中黄酮类物质提取效率的影响规律.确定其最佳提取工艺为乙醇质量浓度40%、温度70～80℃、料液比1 g∶15 ml、提取3 h.并以芦丁为标准,测定了旱芹和西芹整株、叶及茎中总黄酮的含量.结果表明,2种芹菜叶片黄酮类化合物的含量显著高于茎中的含量.相比较而言,旱芹整株、叶片及茎中黄酮类化合物的含量显著高于西芹.     

芸香苷诱导家蚕谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶omega家族基因的表达变化

谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(GST)是在机体的解毒代谢和抗氧化过程中起重要作用的超家族酶系。分析家蚕(Bombyx mori)GST omega家族基因在体内摄入植物次生物质芸香苷后的表达变化,为从代谢生理研究家蚕对农药的抗性,以及探讨植物次生代谢物质影响鳞翅目害虫对农药的敏感性的机制提供参考。采用双跟踪标定定量PCR(dual-spike-in qPCR)方法,检测添食不同浓度芸香苷溶液的家蚕5龄幼虫的中肠和脂肪体中GST omega家族不同基因的转录水平,结果显示添食质量浓度为5×10-2 ng/μL的芸香苷溶液能诱导GST基因的转录水平发生显著变化:与对照相比,中肠中BmGSTo1、BmGSTo2和BmGS-To3基因在诱导后24 h的相对转录水平分别上升了7 143、1 391和3 398倍;在脂肪体中BmGSTo1的转录水平最高且在诱导后2 h达到最大值。与添食5×10-2 ng/μL芸香苷溶液处理组相比,添食5×10-1 ng/μL芸香苷溶液诱导后GST基因在蚕体组织转录水平上升的幅度较小,并且达到峰值的时间不同,而添食5×10-3 ng/μL芸香苷溶液诱导后并不能使GST基因的转录水平发生变化。研究结果提示:家蚕GST omega家族基因可能参与对摄入蚕体内的芸香苷的代谢。     

Effects of treatment with St. John's Wort on blood glucose levels and pain perceptions of streptozotocin-diabetic rats

This present study was undertaken to examine treating effects of St. John's Wort (SJW) extract on nociceptive perception of STZ-diabetic animals based on its potential antidiabetic and antinociceptive activities. One week administrations of SJW extract (125 and 250 mg/kg) induced significant decrease in high blood glucose levels of three weeks STZ-diabetic rats and improved their dysregulated metabolic parameters. In addition, SJW extract treatment caused restoration in the mechanical hyperalgesia of diabetic animals. These findings provide a rationale for the traditional use of SJW against diabetes and display the potential of this plant as a new drug candidate/source for the treatment of diabetic pain.