蚕茧干燥工艺中相对湿度的控制及与茧层含水率关系的研究

研究认为 :蚕茧干燥中室内相对湿度峰值不出现在临排气前的 82℃时段 ,而是位于鲜茧进灶 10min左右的 70℃附近 ;在现行干燥设备及控湿条件下 ,等速干燥阶段空气相对湿度基本符合干燥工艺要求 ,但减速干燥阶段则相差较大 ,应进行人工补湿。对茧层含水率的测定分析认为 ,预热段加温速度会对茧层含水率产生影响 ,快速加温有利于缩短杀蛹时间 ,维持较适当的茧层含水率。但生产上以中速偏快加温方式 (加温速度 1 0～ 1.2℃ /min)为宜。茧层含水率高低与灶内空气相对湿度的大小有密切联系 ,二者相关系数达 0 8312 ,且相对湿度 2 0 %及以上时与 10 %及以下时的茧层含水率间差异达显著水平     

Influence of reward level on vertical distribution and growthof rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss fed on demand with self-feeders

ABSTRACT:   The influence of reward level on vertical distribution and growthwas examined in rainbow trout fed on demand with self-feeders. Groupsof 15 trout with initial body weight of 140 g were maintainedat 14°C and feed access was restricted to a 12-h photophase.The trout received three reward levels with triplicates: 0.051 (low),0.089 (medium) and 0.267 g/kg fish/triggeractuation (high). Vertical distribution in the higher reward groupswas generally more even than that in the lower-reward groups, butthe behavioral characteristics of some individuals in a group couldplay an important role in determining vertical distribution. Moreover,no fish including the individuals responsible for trigger actuation,occupied the vicinity of a trigger. The small groups of 15 troutreceiving the medium-reward level obtained as much feed and grewas fast as the high-reward groups, but this was not the case forthe low-reward groups.     

沙拐枣群落特征与生态学特性的研究

本文通过定量定性分析，对沙拐枣群落的组成成分及种的多样性、群落的外貌特征、垂直结构、分布格局和种间联结以及群落的演替等方面进行了研究，结果表明：沙拐枣群落Ｓｈａｎｎｏｎ－Ｗｉｅｎｅｒ指数为２．５１９７、均匀度为０．８００４，个体密度为８．８９株／１００ｍ￣２，群落盖度约１％；沙拐枣种群王泊松分布，天然更新能力强，呈入侵状态；群落演替表现为初期种的多样性较高而向顶极方向趋于减少；并根据群落密度提出了治沙栽植密度为７４－１１１株／亩和封沙育草中对沙拐枣群落的利用途径。     

番茄多茸毛基因Ln的遗传研究

研究番茄多茸毛基因Ln的遗传模式，按孟德尔质量性状遗传研究设计，以栽培番茄多茸毛品系LS1369与普通品系强力62配制的六世代遗传研究群体，研究番茄多茸毛形态突变基因Ln的遗传机理，通过研究分析各世代的表现型和基因型的关系，提出控制多茸毛性状的Ln基因为单基因不完全显性遗传模式。     

Vertical distributions of two herbivorous cichlid fishes of the genus Tropheus in Lake Tanganyika, Africa

The vertical distributions of two herbivorous cichlid fishes, Tropheus moorii and Tropheus duboisi, were studied on the rocky slope at Luhanga and Bemba, 12 km apart, in Lake Tanganyika, Zaire, Africa. At Luhanga, where T duboisi were not present, T. moorii ranged from the shoreline to a site 30 m deep. At Bemba, T moorii occupied areas less than 18 m and T duboisi areas between 5 and 30 m. In the overlapping zone, 5–18 m depth, each fish held an intra- and interspecific feeding territory, involving size-dependent dominance relationship between neighbors irrespective of species. We indicate that the vertical distributions of these species are restricted by competitive interactions.     

Changes in landscape patterns in Georgia,USA

The objectives of this study were to determine how landscape patterns in Georgia, USA have changed through time and whether the spatial patterns varied by physiographic region. Historical aerial photography was used to analyze spatial patterns of land use from the 1930's to the 1980's. Land use patterns were quantified by: (1) mean number and size of patches; (2) fractal dimension of patches; (3) amount of edge between land uses; and (4) indices of diversity, dominance, and contagion. Forest cover increased in aerial extent and in mean patch size. The mean size of agricultural patches increased in the coastal plain and decreased in the mountains and piedmont. Edges between land uses decreased through time, indicating less dissection of the landscape. Fractal dimensions also decreased, indicating simpler patch shapes. Indices of diversity and dominance differed through time but not among regions; the contagion index differed among regions but not through time. A geographic trend of decreasing diversity and increasing dominance and contagion was observed from the mountains to the lower coastal plain. Landscape patterns exhibited the greatest changes in the piedmont region. Overall, the Georgia landscape has become less fragmented and more connected during the past 50 years. Changing patterns in the landscape may have implications for many ecological processes and resources.     

姬松茸儿种胞外酶的最适反应pH的最适反应温度

姬松茸的胞外CMC酶，FP酶，βGase,HC酶,淀粉酶和果胶酶的最适反应pH和最适反应温度分别是4．6和55℃，5．2和50℃，4．6和50℃，5．8和40℃，4．0和50℃，菌丝最适生长pH下的相对酶活力系数远远小于酶最适反应pH下的相对酶活力系数；菌丝最适生长温度下的相对酶活力系数远远小于酶最适反应温度下的相对酶活力系数。     

小麦杂种F_3代茎秆机械强度的选择效应分析

以山农3068/济麦4072、山农3068/济麦20两个组合的F3、F4群体为试材,研究了高、中、低三类茎秆机械强度类群的选择效应。结果表明:F3代高机械强度类群的直接选择在F4代获得了较高的相对遗传进度;不同类群的茎秆机械强度的选择对其他抗倒性状的影响不同,其中高机械强度类群的选择能有效降低抗倒指数,从而提高抗倒性;不同机械强度类群的选择都提高了千粒重,但减少了穗粒数,对穗数的影响较小,总体上利于单株产量的提高。     

15种中草药对体外新孢子虫抑制效果的比较研究

[目的]筛选抗新孢子虫效果较好的中药。[方法]用新孢子虫虫体感染非洲绿猴肾细胞(Vero),观察细胞生长状态,并通过台酚蓝染色试验,计算各孔虫体死亡率和相对抑制率。[结果]黄芩、百部、天麻、黄连、槟榔、鸦胆子对体外培养的新孢子虫具有较好的杀灭和抑制作用。[结论]该研究为新孢子虫病的临床治疗提供依据。     

花生种子发育过程中脂肪酸积累规律的研究

以鲁花14为材料,对花生种子发育过程中荚果和种子的发育情况以及花生种子脂肪酸的累积过程进行了研究。结果表明,在果针入土的第39天,小种子(远离果针一端)的平均长度超过大种子(靠近果针一端),在接近成熟时,小种子的平均质量超过大种子。在花生种子中,可以检测到12种脂肪酸。按含量由高到低依次为油酸、亚油酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、山萮酸、花生酸、二十四烷酸、花生烯酸、异油酸、亚麻酸、棕榈油酸、豆蔻酸。在花生种子发育过程中,脂肪酸含量随种子的发育逐渐增加,油酸含量不断增多,而亚油酸则呈缓慢减少的趋势。在接近成熟时,油酸和亚油酸占全部脂肪酸含量的79.4%。油酸亚油酸的比值随着种子的发育呈逐渐增大的变化规律。