复方黄芪颗粒防治鸡传染性法氏囊病的疗效试验

应用复方黄芪颗粒对鸡传染性法氏囊炎病毒人工感染病例进行试验,结果表明,有效率达到80%~92%,治愈率达到68%~76%,均高于对照药物,差异极显著(P<0.01)。推荐剂量为每升饮水中加入1g复方黄芪颗粒,连用5 d。     

灌浆期高温对不同耐热性小麦籽粒淀粉积累的影响

为揭示小麦耐热机理,以3个耐热性不同的小麦品种(系)［44（耐热）、94（热敏感）和中国春（热敏感）］为材料,在开花后15 d至成熟进行胁迫（昼/夜温度37/17 ℃,14/10 h）,探究热胁迫对小麦灌浆时间、千粒重、籽粒淀粉含量、组成和淀粉颗粒的影响。结果表明,在高温胁迫处理后,耐热和热敏感小麦籽粒总淀粉含量均降低,直/支比分别下降和升高;与耐热品系44相比,2个热敏感小麦品种的A型淀粉颗粒粒径减小,中间型淀粉颗粒（8~14 μm）增多。这些结果说明,灌浆期高温胁迫抑制了小麦籽粒淀粉的积累,但不同耐热能力的品种（系）对高温胁迫的响应存在差异。     

藁城8901与豫麦50籽粒淀粉粒的粒度分布特征

为研究小麦籽粒发育过程中胚乳淀粉粒形成与粒度分布特征,以小麦品种藁城8901与豫麦50为材料,研究了籽粒胚乳淀粉粒形成、生长与分布特征。结果表明,花后4d,小麦胚乳出现不同范围大小的淀粉粒,最大粒径8μm。花后7d,籽粒中淀粉粒增多增大,最大粒径20μm左右。花后10~14d,淀粉粒体积继续增大,并产生了一个新的小淀粉粒群体。花后17d,淀粉粒以体积增大为主。花后21d,淀粉粒最大粒径较成熟期变化较小。花后24d,小于0.6μm的淀粉粒数目急剧增加,大于0.6μm的淀粉粒数目占比则明显减少,表明这一时期又产生了一个新淀粉粒群体(后期形成的B型淀粉粒)。花后24~28d,小于0.6μm的淀粉粒数目仍不断增加,而直径较大的淀粉粒数目增加减少,表明籽粒中新淀粉粒的产生仍在继续,但以小粒径淀粉粒为主。花后28d至成熟期,最小粒径淀粉粒进一步生长,其他淀粉粒粒径变化相对较小。     

苦白石颗粒靶动物(猪)安全性试验

为评价苦白石颗粒对靶动物(猪)的安全性,为临床应用提供依据。将苦白石颗粒按临床推荐剂量的1、3、5、10倍剂量连续拌料给药5d。从喂药第1天开始,连续观察14d;测定给药前、给药后第7天和第14天试验猪的体重、血液常规指标、血液生化指标。结果表明,苦白石颗粒按临床推荐剂量1、3、5、10倍剂量应用,猪的体重、血液常规指标、血液生化指标等与对照组相比较差异均不显著(P>0.05)。表明苦白石颗粒按临床推荐剂量的1倍~10倍范围内应用,对靶动物(猪)是安全的。     

银黄颗粒中黄芩甙在大鼠体内的测定及药代动力学

目的：考察银黄制剂的药动学特征。方法：建立测定大鼠血浆中黄芩甙的高效液相色谱法（HPLC）,并以银黄颗粒为代表进行药代动力学研究。结果：黄芩甙经直肠灌注比灌胃血药浓度高、消除速率慢;黄芩甙经灌胃会产生首过代谢作用,同时在用药后约600min出现双峰现象;银黄颗粒中的黄芩甙受其它成分的影响不明显,在大鼠体内的药动学过程与单体黄芩甙基本一致。结论：用建立的HPLC法进行银黄颗粒的药代动力学研究,方法简单、准确、快速。并且获得的药代动学参数具有一定临床应用价值。     

中药配方颗粒和传统中药饮片调剂方式的应用对比分析

目的 对传统中药饮片调剂方式与中药配方颗粒调剂方式进行应用分析比较,优化调剂方法。方法 统计并分析本院传统中药饮片与中药配方颗粒的使用数据（调剂出错率、处方数等）,并随机抽取180例于该院就诊的患者及12名在该院从事配药的工作人员进行问卷调查,在患者选择和工作人员选择等方面对传统中药饮片调剂方式与中药配方颗粒调剂方式进行对比分析。结果 与传统中药饮片调剂方式相比,中药配方颗粒调剂方式在出错率、取药方便程度、药品剂量准确度、卫生、食用方便程度、携带存储及提高工作效率、降低工作强度、减少药物浪费等方面具有显著优势（P<0.01）。结论 中药配方颗粒调剂方式具有明显优势,但还存在许多不足,需要中医药工作者的不断完善与改进,发挥中医药优势。     

Preparation of Denitrifying Phosphorus Accumulating Bacterial Seed Liquid and Analysis of Phosphorus Removal Mechanism

In order to control the water eutrophication, microorganism agents with high capability of denitrifying phosphorus accumulation are required. A denitrifying poly-phosphate accumulating organisms(DNPAOS), B8(Pseudomonas putida sp.)was isolated from activated sludge in oxidation ditch of Anhui Tianchang wastewater treatment plant. Intracellular polyphosphate granule(Poly-P)dyeing method was used to optimize the culture conditions of Poly-P-producing Pseudomonas putida strain B8 seed liquid. The results showed that the appropriate culture conditions were as follow: pH value and temperature ranged from 6.5 to 7.0 and 30~32 ℃m respectively. The saturation values of dissolved oxygen varied from 70% to 88%(when velocity was in range of 120~140 r/min), 15~20 h proved to be the cultivation time. The seed liquid produced by B8 showed high phosphorus uptake rate in the processes of anaerobic-anoxic and anaerobic-aerobic in wastewater(89.73% and 94.09% respectively)In the anaerobic-anoxic process, the highest nitrate removal efficiency was 53.48%. Extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)extracting method and analysis of phosphorus removal characterization revealed that phosphorus removal was mainly caused by intracellular uptake, rather than by extracellular biological adsorption.     

杂交水稻主要亲本材料的垩白性状及其胚乳结构电镜扫描

【研究目的】针对杂交稻米品质问题，研究杂交稻亲本垩白形成与胚乳细胞形态结构和发育以及与淀粉粒之间的关系，为进一步研究杂交稻米高垩白形成机理奠定基础；【方法】对几个应用面积较大的杂交稻主要亲本和两个米质对照品种，按GB/T17891-1999方法调查其垩白性状，对其米粒胚乳结构和淀粉粒的采用扫描电镜观察分析；【结果】亲本材料间垩白性状差异首先表现在垩白率上，其次为垩白度，最后为垩白面积。高垩白的保持系和桂朝2号垩白主要发生在中、腹部，而相对低垩白的恢复系主要在中部，腹白少或无。垩白度与垩白率间存在明显的线性关系，与垩白面积无明显相关性。淀粉粒在米粒横断面上分布的均匀性与垩白率和垩白度有较大的相关性，分布越均匀则垩白率和垩白度越小；而长方柱状细胞层数和多少与垩白率和垩白度有一定的相关性但不明显。5个恢复系和3个保持系垩白米粒的背部淀粉粒普遍发育良好而中部较差；保持系与恢复系的差异主要表现在腹部淀粉粒的发育形态上。【结论】杂交稻保持系与恢复系的垩白发生部位有所差异，垩白形成与其淀粉粒的分布有重要关系；中、腹部淀粉粒发育异常容易产生垩白，主要受胚乳细胞生理发育规律的影响。     

玉米子粒库容潜力研究进展

本文综述了玉米子粒胚乳细胞和淀粉粒的建成过程及内外影响因素,讨论了子粒库容的研究方向。     

Effect of endosperm starch granule size distribution on milling yield in hard wheat

Increased flour yield in hard wheat is associated with increased endosperm rheology index, calculated from strength and stiffness as measured by the SKCS. A study of the fractured endosperm of hard wheat varieties grouped according to similar rheology index values was performed using environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). Differing microstructures and fracture patterns were observed between each group. Specifically, the group representing high rheology index had a greater concentration of small starch granules in prismatic cells. Samples of diverse wheat germplasm were grown at two sites and subjected to laboratory milling. Starch granule size distribution (SGSD) analysis using a laser diffraction method was undertaken on a subset of samples in triplicate representing a range in flour yield. The results supported an hypothesis for a significant influence of SGSD on flour yield of hard wheat varieties. In addition, a significant part (R²>0.40 (p<0.05) at two sites) of the association appeared to be under genetic control. Results indicate a more even gradation of distributions involving an increase in the sample volume % of small granule (types B and C) and decrease in type A granules. This was associated with increased rheology index values and higher flour yield. The ratio of type A:C starch granules accounted for up to 58% (p<0.05) of the variation in flour yield in the samples studied. Thus, rheological parameters measured using a rapid SKCS screening method can be linked to the genetic regulation of SGSD with implications for the improvement of commercial processing performance of hard wheat.