青海扁茎早熟禾混播草地生产性能与种间关系的研究

为了探究早熟禾混播草地种间关系与生产特征,使用'青海'中华羊茅(Festuca sinensis' Qinghai')、'青牧1号'老芒麦(Elymus sibiricus' Qingmu No.1')、'同德'小花碱茅(Puccinellia tenui flora'Tongde')分别与'青海'扁茎早熟禾(Poa ...     

牦牛血清氟含量测定

采用氟离子选择电极对３７头青海牦牛血清氟含量进行测定，结果为０．０１５±０．００７（０．００５－０．０２６）ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ。同时还对该方法的准确度、精密度做了检测。     

甘肃天祝牧区白牦牛乳脂肪中脂肪酸的分析

以甘肃天祝地区3个牧场所产的白牦牛乳为研究对象,采用气相色谱-质谱联用检测方法,测定3个牧场所产白牦牛乳中脂肪酸含量,比较在枯草期、枯草末期、返青期、青草期4个时期及不同胎次的白牦牛所产牦牛乳中脂肪酸的构成及含量.结果表明:3个牧场白牦牛乳中乳脂肪酸含量差异不显著(P＞0.05);1～5胎次母白牦牛乳中脂肪酸含量差异不显著(P＞0.05).枯草期、枯草末期、返青期、青草期4个时期白牦牛乳中饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、不饱和脂肪酸(USFA)含量比值分别为1.86、1.75、1.62、1.32.随着气温的升高及牧草的成熟,白牦牛乳中饱和脂肪酸含量逐渐降低,而不饱和脂肪酸的含量逐渐升高.     

青海高原禾草内生真菌资源的调查和分离

青海高原的高寒特性决定其生境内禾草植物的多样性和特异性,然而有关青海高原地区禾草内生真菌的研究报道较少,本研究对青海高原地区48个样点内禾草植物内生真菌带菌率和内生真菌分离进行了研究。结果表明,14种禾本科植物内生真菌平均感染率低于50%,而12种植物内生真菌平均感染率大于50%。其中,缘毛鹅观草(Roegneria pendulina)、紫花针茅(Stipa purpurea)、醉马草(Achnatherum inebrians)、中华羊茅(Festuca sinensis)、硬质早熟禾(Poa sphondylodes)、微药羊茅(F. nitidula)、毛稃羊茅(F. kirilowii)和紫羊茅(F. rubra)的平均带菌率均超过80%。同时,同属禾草植物内生真菌带菌率存在差异。禾草内生真菌分离率较低,其中紫花针茅、麦宾草(Elymus tangutorum)、光稃早熟禾(P. psiolepis)和异针茅(S. aliena)内生真菌在菌落和分生孢子形态上存在差异。可见,青海高原禾草内生真菌带菌率较高,同时不同禾草内生真菌可能存在多样性。     

青海省贵南县以草定畜、草畜平衡试点及做法

通过对三年来贵南县以草定畜、草畜平衡试点工作开展情况的总结和分析,试点取得了显著效果。     

Study on Length Polymorphism of KAP1 Family Genes in Yak (Bos gurnniens)

This study was aimed to understand the characteristics of length polymorphism with repeat sequence of keratin associated protein 1 (KAP1) family genes in yak. KAP1 family genes of yak and cattle were sequenced, and compared with sheep KAP1 family gene sequences. The results showed that cattle KAP1 family genes were located in chromosome 19, according to location of sheep KAP1 family genes in the chromosome and similarity with cattle KAP1 family genes, renaming the cattle KAP1 family (according to the gene location of chromosome) B2D, B2A, KAP1-1 and B2C genes into KAP1-4, KAP1-1, KAP1-2 and KAP1-3 gene, respectively. KAP1 family genes in the 3'and 5' flank were highly conserved, the difference between family genes mainly in the the repeat sequence region, which yak KAP1 to KAP4 genes were found 30 bp length polymorphism. There were B(CCQTS)A₁(CCQPT) repeat sequence and a new repeat sequence C(SIQTS). The results indicated that the repeat sequence was the key of the polymorphism of KAP1 family genes, which might be relate to combination with keratin protein.     

Whole‐genome analysis identifying candidate genes of altitude adaptive ecological thresholds in yak populations

The domestic yak (Bos grunniens) is an iconic symbol of animal husbandry on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. Long‐term domestication and natural selection have led to a wide distribution of yak, forming many ecological populations to adapt to the local ecological environment. High altitude is closely related to oxygen density, and it is an important environmental ecological factor for biological survival and livestock production. The aim of the present study was to perform a preliminary analysis to identify the candidate genes of altitude distribution adapted ecological thresholds in yak using next‐generation sequence technology. A total of 15,762,829 SNPs were obtained from 29 yaks with high‐ and low‐altitude distribution by genome‐wide sequencing. According to the results of the selective sweep analysis with FST and ZHp, 21 candidate genes were identified. 14 genes (serine/threonine protein kinase TNNI3K, TEN1, DYM, ITPR1, ZC4H2, KNTC1, ADGRB3, CLYBL, TANGO6, ASCC3, KLHL3, PDE4D, DEPDC1B and AGBL4) were grouped into 32 Gene Ontology terms, and four genes (RPS6KA6, ITPR1, GNAO1 and PDE4D) annotated in 35 pathways, including seven environmental information processing and one environmental adaptation. Therefore, the novel candidate genes found in the current study do not only support new theories about high‐altitude adaptation, but also further explain the molecular mechanisms of altitude adaptation threshold in yaks.     

刚察县伊克乌兰乡牦牛皮蝇蛆感染情况调查

采用剖检法与触摸法,在10、11月份剖检,翌年3、5月份临床检查未使用消毒剂防控的牦牛皮蝇幼虫感染情况.结果剖检牦牛皮蝇一期幼虫平均感染率为61.54％,平均感染强度34.13条.翌年3、5月份触摸检查牦牛背部皮下皮蝇幼虫寄生形成的瘤疱和成熟第三期幼虫脱落形成的皮肤虫孔,3年的平均感染率61.04％,平均感染强度4.9...     

补铁剂及多肽铁复合物的研究进展

缺铁性贫血作为贫血中最常见的一种,越来越受到人们的关注。随着营养与健康需求的变化和安全意识的 增强,人们致力于补铁效果好、吸收好、副作用小、安全性更高的口服补铁剂的研发。本文对补铁剂的发展和相关 研究进行综述,概述新型补铁剂的研究进展,全面阐述多肽铁复合物蛋白琥珀酸铁的原料来源、结构、机理、制 备、应用、消化吸收机制,对多肽铁复合物和蛋白琥珀酸铁的发展前景进行展望,以期对补铁剂的研究与发展提供 理论依据。     

幼年牦牛松果体的光镜和电镜观察

利用光镜和电镜技术对幼年牦牛松果体的组织形态结构特征进行了研究。结果表明，光镜下，幼年牦牛松果体由松果体细胞、少量的神经胶质细胞、毛细血管和神经等组成。电镜下，松果体细胞的电子致密度低，细胞质内含有丰富的线粒体、粗面内质网、滑面内质网、高尔基复合体、微管、微丝和核糖体，典型异质细胞器突触带呈球形，多位于质膜附近。神经胶质细胞内的线粒体丰富，胞体突起呈球形膨大伸入到松果体细胞之间。松果体细胞以及神经胶质细胞间均存在突触和连接复合体。牦牛松果体内的毛细血管为连续型，远腹侧血管周围可见色素细胞。