外源水杨酸对镉胁迫下小报春幼苗生长及生理特性的影响

为了探究叶面喷施外源水杨酸（Salicylic acid,SA）对小报春（Primula forbesii Franch.）镉（Cadmium,Cd）胁迫的缓解作用,本研究以小报春幼苗为试验材料,采用盆栽试验方法,在土壤Cd胁迫（150 mg·kg^-1）下,测定不同浓度（0,10,100,1 000 μmol·L^-1） SA处理下的小报春植株生长和生理特性指标。结果表明,低浓度SA （10,100 μmol·L^-1）能够使小报春株高、冠幅和地上部生物量增加,促进光合作用;低浓度SA能降低过氧化氢和丙二醛含量,提高超氧化物歧化酶（Superoxide dismutase,SOD）、过氧化物酶（Peroxidase,POD）和过氧化氢酶（Catalase,CAT）活性,促进可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白的产生;同时低浓度SA还能显著降低小报春幼苗叶片中的Cd含量,增加叶片中的钾和锌含量,降低钙和镁含量。而高浓度SA （1 000 μmol·L^-1）缓解作用下降,甚至对植株生长产生抑制作用。本研究表明,100 μmol·L^-1外源SA处理可以显著缓解150 mg·kg^-1土壤Cd胁迫对小报春幼苗的毒害作用,并降低植株镉积累。     

野生花卉胭脂花(Primula maximowiczii)组培体系的建立

以胭脂花(Primula maximowiczii)的种子为外植体,利用单因子和正交试验设计,通过对种子表面消毒、丛生芽诱导和增殖、生根、炼苗和移栽等技术环节的研究,筛选出各培养阶段的最佳培养基配方和培养条件,建立了胭脂花无菌培养体系.结果表明:种子表面消毒的最佳方法是以6％ NaClO消毒6 min;最佳丛生芽诱导增...     

PP_(333)、CCC、B_9对盆栽小报春矮化效应研究

为了有效控制盆栽小报春的株高、抑制徒长、防止花葶倒伏,采用不同浓度的多效唑(PP333)、矮壮素(CCC)和比久(B9)对盆栽小报春进行叶面喷施和土壤浇灌处理。结果表明:不同处理对小报春都有矮化作用,矮化效果由强到弱依次是PP333、B9、CCC,PP333土施比叶施效果显著,CCC叶施比土施效果显著,B9土施与叶施效果相似,无明显差异;不同处理对小报春的花葶高度均有抑制作用,但对小报春的花径、着花量也有不同程度的影响。综合考虑,处理CCC500mg/L盆内土施的效果最佳,不仅促使小报春的株型明显矮化、抑制花葶徒长,而且不影响花径大小和着花量,使叶片颜色加深,大大提高了小报春的盆栽质量。     

Selection for seed set capacity uncorrelated with flower heteromorphism in Primula vulgaris Hudson

Within-line pollinations were used when measuring the seed set of plants from seven early generation inbred lines of Primula vulgaris. One high seed setting plant and one low seed setting one were selected from each line and the seed set was evaluated on the offspring from selfings and within-line pollinations of these plants. Regression of offspring on parents for seed set was studied. The slope was estimated to be 0.17 ± 0.08, equivalent to an estimated heritability of around 34%. No significant differences in the slope of regression between the two reproduction methods (selfings or within-line pollinations) were detected. The realized improvement through one cycle of selection of high seed setting single plants in this early generation inbred material of P. vulgaris was 23.7%. Analysis of the seed set of within-line pollinated clones from late generation inbred lines of P. vulgaris revealed that only limited within-line variation remained after removal of the effects of the heteromorphic incompatibility system. It was concluded that selection of high seed setting single plants during early generations of inbreeding is efficient for improvement of seed set in future inbred lines of P. vulgaris to be used for hybrid seed production.     

甘青报春化学成分研究

[目的]研究报春花属植物甘青报春的化学成分。[方法]采用柱层层析、制备薄层层析等分离手段,利用MS、1H NMR、13C NMR等技术,同时结合文献数据和理化数据对所分离出的化合物进行结构鉴定。[结果]从甘青报春中分离并鉴定了5个化合物,其分别为2-苯基色原酮、柚皮素、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷、异鼠李素、芹菜素。[结论]该研究所分离的化合物均属于黄酮类化合物。     

川西高原东部地区报春花资源及其园林应用评价

对四川省西部高原的东部地区报春花资源进行了野外实地调查,发现该地区有报春花属植物31种(包括4亚种),分属11组.对其生长环境、分布数量与特征进行了重点描述,并对部分报春花资源的观赏特性及园林应用进行了评价;提出了该地区报春花属植物资源的保护建议.     

Temporal changes (1986-1999) in populations of primrose (Primula vulgaris Huds.) in an agricultural landscape and implications for conservation

In Belgium, Primula vulgaris is a rare and declining species. Its fate is bound up with the ever-changing agricultural landscape in northwestern Belgium and analysis of historical data showed a shrinking distribution area during the last decades. Contrary to the situation in England and France, most of the populations are situated in small landscape elements in the agricultural landscape and not in woodland. The population size distribution is skewed to very small populations (<10 individuals) with few younger life stages in small populations, higher proportions of older adults and unequal flower morph numbers. The changes in several population traits during a 13-year interval are correlated with initial population status, indicating that small populations tend to be more prone to extinction than larger ones. Small remnant woodland patches may be seen as ‘safe sites’: in this environment population sizes were more or less stable during the 13-year period whereas populations in ditches around arable fields were particularly susceptible to decline. Under current conditions, the long term survival of the species in small landscape elements is highly critical unless land use practices change drastically in the near future. The minimum viable populations concept and management of small landscape elements are discussed.     

不同营养液及其pH值对欧洲报春生长及光合速率的影响

采用正交设计,进行欧洲报春营养液施用试验。A为不同营养液,B为营养液的施用时间,设置9种组合,并探讨了不同营养液在不同pH值(5.8、6.2、6.6、7.0)时对欧洲报春生长及光合速率的影响。试验结果表明,从施肥时间及经济的角度看,7~10 d 1次即可。调整营养液较传统的营养液从栽培效果上来看有相对的提高,全成分的钾宝栽培效果基本同调整后营养液相同,差异不显著。在营养液pH值为5.8~6.2的条件下,欧洲报春的生长状态良好,而且叶绿素含量和光合速率较高。     

浙江植物分布新记录——安徽羽叶报春

报道了采自浙江省建德市的1种报春花科Primulaceae报春花属Primula浙江新记录植物———安徽羽叶报春Primula merrillianaSchltr.。同时记述了它的形态、生境及用途。参9     

灰岩皱叶报春种子萌发特性研究

通过种子萌发试验,研究了温度、光照、赤霉素以及储藏对灰岩皱叶报春种子萌发的影响.结果表明,灰岩皱叶报春种子为光敏种子;最适萌发温度为20℃,变温(15℃12h,25℃12h)可提高种子对高温的耐受能力,加快了种子的萌发速度;赤霉素处理提高了种子萌发速率和萌发势,缩短种子的萌发持续时间,能打破黑暗对种子萌发的抑制;4℃储藏有利于保持种子的品质.