Effect of Silver-Sheet and Figaron on Flower Production, Abscission of Reproductive Organs, Yield and Yield Components in Soybean (Glycine max L.)

Both silver-sheet (a light reflector) and Figaron (a phytohormone), used individually, influence the production and abscission of reproductive organs during the reproductive stages of soybean. The combined use of silver-sheet and Figaron, however, has a much larger effect on production and abscission than the use of each alone. Experiments were conducted in the field at Niigata University, Japan, to investigate the light intensity at the canopy attributable to light reflection by silver-sheet and the individual and combined effects of silver-sheet and Figaron on reproductive abscission, yield and yield components of soybean. The field study was conducted on a sandy loam soil at 25 and 16 plants m⁻² in 1999 and 2000. The results of the 2-year study indicated that Figaron had no effect on growth parameters, whereas silver-sheet had an effect. Flower production in the Figaron and Figaron + silver-sheet treatments tended to be lower than in the control and silver-sheet treatments. Silver-sheet increased the light intensity in the lower canopy of soybean through reflection, and thus the percentage of reproductive abscission in the lower canopy was lower in the silver-sheet treatments than in the other treatments. Greater pod set was observed in the middle and upper canopies than in the lower canopy in the Figaron treatments. Therefore, total pod set or pod number was greater in the combined silver-sheet and Figaron treatments. Yield and its components were greater at higher plant densities and tended to be greater in the combined treatments of silver-sheet and Figaron. The increase of yield components in the combined silver-sheet and Figaron treatments was believed to be a result of favourable light conditions and source–sink alterations in the canopy induced by Figaron.     

长江下游人口密集区农田生态系耗散结构——Ⅵ.扬州市耕地生产力指数分析

耕地生产力指数是指在研究地域范围内某一作物在某一地区的平均单产和整个地域平均单产的比值。此值削弱或抵销了一些影响单产的其它因素,能体现某一地区的耕地质量或土壤肥力水平与种植优势,为农业生态系统功能评价和土壤肥力研究提供了一个有力的手段。扬州市里下河地区兴化县的高指数较多,邗江县的低指数较多,主要和两地土壤形成特点与肥水输入势有关。     

海峡西岸经济区产业结构地域差异研究

采用比较劳动生产率法、偏离一份额法对海峡西岸经济区的主体部分福建省各市的经济增长进行计算，得出沿海、内地两大地带及各地市产业结构对经济增长的贡献情况，并据此为依据，对福建省9个市分类别进行分析，最后提出问题的对策建议。     

云台山森林土壤生产力的评价

研究了江苏省云台山地区赤松林分状况与土壤属性的关系。回归分析结果表明影响林木生长的主导因子是土层总厚度，其偏相关系数为０．９７，达到Ｐ０．０１（Ｐ０．０１＝０．７３５）的极显著水平，依据这一主导因子，将研究区内各亚类土壤划分为９个土型，按土壤生产力分级指标，对云台山的森林土壤生产力进行综合评价，可分为四级，云台山属土壤生产力中等的山体。     

谁是先进生产力的代表

只有工人阶级才是先进生产力的始终代表。其他阶级只能在特定时期、特定领域、特定方面、特定环节上成为先进生产力的代表。     

不同放牧率对混播草地牧草与羔羊生产的影响

通过三种放牧率对混播草地牧草和羔羊生产的影响进行了研究。结果表明，随着放牧率的增加，牧草产量、叶面积指数明显下降（Ｐ＜０．０５）并使茎叶比显著减少（Ｐ＜０．０５）。放牧率的增大，羔羊个体生产速度显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０１），单位面积的畜产品产量依次为中组＞低组＞高组。并得出羔羊生长量与放牧强度及采食牧草干物质量存在密切关系，同时放牧率影响肉的品质，放牧率不同，草地系统生物学转化效率中组比低、高组高，且草地生产能力最大。由此得出，混播草地以中等放牧率为最佳。     

带锯制材长、短工艺技术经济指标的分析比较

本文是对国内制材厂(车间)带锯制材长、短工艺的分析比较,可供新建或改建制材工艺设计作参考。从实践和理论分析都证明短工艺流水线中工艺和运输设备互不干扰,各锯机负荷均衡,流程短,工人数少,充分发挥了跑车大带锯的优越性,提高了主要技术经济指标。     

巨峰葡萄主梢和副梢坐果与内源激素的关系

巨峰葡萄副梢坐果率、有种子果粒率、果粒的平均种子数明显高于主梢。在小花发育过程中主梢的小花重、小花纵径、横径明显重于或大于副梢。主梢花的子房壁明显厚于副梢，子房壁的细胞层数也多于副梢，但子房壁的细胞大小两者之间没有差异。另外胚珠、珠心大小也没有差异。主梢小花中的IAA与细胞分裂素水平较高，ABA水平较低，副梢小花中的GA水平较高。开花前2～3周用高浓度的NAA与CPPU处理副梢小花则加重落花落果。由此可见，开花前小花中较高水平的IAA与细胞分裂素很可能是加快小花发育和引起落花落果的原因。     

Genetic analysis of some chlorophyll fluorescence and productivity parameters in barley (Hordeum vulgare)

Reciprocal crosses were made between five barley genotypes of diverse origin. Parents and 20 F₁S were grown in a greenhouse in a randomized block design with three replications. Each replication consisted of one pot containing three plants. Chlorophyll fluorescence activity of the penultimate leaf (below the flag leaf) of the main stem in each plant was measured at two stages of development (six-leaf stage and anthesis). At anthesis, and after measuring fluorescence parameters, a drought stress was applied. Yield components were measured at complete maturity. Statistical analysis for chlorophyll fluorescence parameters showed high genetic variability for the traits studied at both the six-leaf stage and anthesis, but most fluorescence parameters had decreased by anthesis. General and specific combining abilities of a diallel analysis were significant for most of the characters studied. General combining ability (GCA) values were usually more important than those of specific combining ability (SCA), showing the importance of additive genetic control for the fluorescence traits. Reciprocal effects were not significant for the fluorescence traits studied. A high genetic variability was also observed for yield components. Additive gene effects for plant weight, spike number, spike weight, number of grains per plant and 1000-grain weight were demonstrated. Potential photosynthetic activity (Rfd) at anthesis was positively correlated with plant weight, spike number per plant and 1000-grain weight.     

杉木建材林初植密度幼龄期效应的研究

在宁镇丘陵地区的上国营林场，选用广西融水优良种源，采用３３３０－１６６６５０株／ｈｍ＾２的１１种初植密度营建杉木短轮伐建材材林，探讨不同橼材（小条木）和小径材生产的效应，结果表明，初植密度对树冠、胸径、树高、高径比、幼林蓄积、地上部份生物量及其分配均有显著的影响。但对幼林木材基本密度（６年）影响不明显。３３７０－５５５０株／ｈｍ＾２造林密度是该地区短轮伐期小径材作业适宜的初值密度，可望８年间伐椽材