萱草属植物的种质资源研究

本文对萱草属的３个野生种以及１６个园艺品种进行了全面相似性的聚类分析，并结合过氧化物同功酶谱，对萱草属的种质资源进行了初步的研究，并对桔红萱草ＨｅｍｅｒａｓｌｌｉｓａｕｒａｎｔｉａｃａＢａｋｅｒ的分类问题提出了看法，认为它归属于萱草Ｈ．ｆｕｌｖａＬ．比较妥当。     

The feline oral microbiome: A provisional 16S rRNA gene based taxonomy with full-length reference sequences

The human oral microbiome is known to play a significant role in human health and disease. While less well studied, the feline oral microbiome is thought to play a similarly important role. To determine roles oral bacteria play in health and disease, one first has to be able to accurately identify bacterial species present. 16S rRNA gene sequence information is widely used for molecular identification of bacteria and is also useful for establishing the taxonomy of novel species.The objective of this research was to obtain full 16S rRNA gene reference sequences for feline oral bacteria, place the sequences in species-level phylotypes, and create a curated 16S rRNA based taxonomy for common feline oral bacteria.Clone libraries were produced using “universal” and phylum-selective PCR primers and DNA from pooled subgingival plaque from healthy and periodontally diseased cats. Bacteria in subgingival samples were also cultivated to obtain isolates. Full-length 16S rDNA sequences were determined for clones and isolates that represent 171 feline oral taxa. A provisional curated taxonomy was developed based on the position of each taxon in 16S rRNA phylogenetic trees.The feline oral microbiome curated taxonomy and 16S rRNA gene reference set will allow investigators to refer to precisely defined bacterial taxa. A provisional name such as “Propionibacterium sp. feline oral taxon FOT-327” is an anchor to which clone, strain or GenBank names or accession numbers can point. Future next-generation-sequencing studies of feline oral bacteria will be able to map reads to taxonomically curated full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences.     

粤东海域褐菖鲉种群线粒体DNA控制区序列变异及其在平鲉亚科中的分类地位

对捕自粤东海域的47尾野生褐菖鲉Sebastiscus marmoratus线粒体DNA控制区序列进行了扩增和序列变异分析,并结合GenBank中10种其他平鲉亚科的同源序列,分析了平鲉亚科的分子系统。结果表明,所获序列长度在538～544bp之间,具69个碱基替换位点和36个插入/缺失位点;控制区碱基组成中,A、T、C、G含量分别为34.5%、29.0%、15.8%、20.7%。共检测到38个单倍型。该种群的单倍型多样度(Hd)和核苷酸多样性(Pi)分别为0.978和0.0192。以鲉亚科棘鲉Hoplosebastes armatus作为外群构建的分子系统树显示,褐菖鲉为11种平鲉亚科中较早分化出的种,位于进化树的基部;平鲉亚科为单系群,分为4个分支,分别为平鲉属Sebastes、菖鲉属Sebastiscus、眶棘鲉属Hozukius和无鳔鲉属Helicolenus,与传统的分类地位一致。研究结果表明,控制区序列不仅适合褐菖鲉种群遗传多样性研究,同样也适合分子系统发育研究。     

甘肃党参中花生茎线虫的鉴定与记述

【目的】明确甘肃省渭源县党参Codonopsis pilosula病样中的茎线虫种类。【方法】采用形态学特征、ITS-rDNA与28S-rDNA序列系统发育分析、特异性引物PCR扩增、PCR-ITS-RFLP相结合的方法进行种类鉴定。【结果】甘肃省党参茎线虫群体形态特征与花生茎线虫Ditylenchus arachis相似,形态测量均值虽存在差异,但是范围值基本一致;系统发育分析显示,该线虫与花生茎线虫聚为一支,特异性引物PCR扩增片段、PCR-ITS-RFLP图谱均与花生茎线虫相同。【结论】结合形态特征与分子特征分析,将甘肃党参茎线虫群体鉴定为花生茎线虫,表明该线虫已在甘肃发生分布。     

Characterization of a phytoplasma associated with witches' broom disease of potatoes in Korea

 Symptoms of witches' broom disease caused by phytoplasma, including general stunting and yellowing, were observed in potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) in a storehouse on Jeju Island, Korea in 1998. Based on sequence analysis of DNA products from polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified 16S ribosomal DNA and 16S–23S spacer region using universal phytoplasma primers, the phytoplasma associated with potato witches' broom disease (PWB) was identified as a member of 16S-group VIII. It was most closely related to elm AH phytoplasma (99.7% similarity, accession no. AF268895), which is in the clover proliferation (CP) subgroup. This report is the first from the East Asian continent of a plant pathogenic phytoplasma belonging to the CP subgroup and includes the nucleotide sequence of most of the potato phytoplasma 16S rDNA. Received: May 1, 2002 / Accepted: July 1, 2002     

小麦KUP/HAK/KT基因家族的全基因组鉴定、系统进化和表达模式分析

为深入发掘小麦KUP/HAK/KT基因的功能,利用小麦最新基因组数据,通过生物信息学手段,对小麦KUP/HAK/KT基因家族进行基因组水平的鉴定,并对其系统进化及表达模式进行分析.鉴定结果表明,本研究在小麦中鉴定到98个KUP/HAK/KT基因,根据系统进化分析结果,可将其分为Cluster Ⅰ、ClusterⅡ、Cl...     

新疆野生油菜、野芥和黑芥的遗传分化及系统演化研究

利用HPLC法对284份种子硫代葡萄糖甙组成分析表明，新疆野生油菜依据中特征硫代葡萄糖甙组成可划分为9类，91．2％的新疆野生油菜种子主要含羟基苄硫甙，8．8％的新疆野生油菜种子主要含丙烯基硫甙，与黑芥和芥菜型油菜特征硫代葡萄糖甙组成一致。RAPD分析将新疆野生油菜、野芥和黑芥划分为3簇，表明新疆野生油菜、野芥和黑芥之间存在明显的遗传距离，相对而言，新疆野生油菜与野芥间的遗传距离较近，与黑芥的遗传距离较远。新疆野生油菜可依据RAPD聚类分析结果划分为4簇，其中第1、2和4簇主要由来源于新疆塔城地区的新疆野生油菜组成，种子主要含丙烯基硫甙，第3簇为新疆巩留及其周边地区的新疆野生油菜,种子主要含羟基苄硫甙。研究为阐明我国芥菜型油菜起源进化途径提供了新的证据。     

Phylogenetic Analysis of the 16S rDNA of a Strain Isolated from Diseased Larva of Anoplophora glabripennis (Motsch.)

[Objective] Study on the phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rDNA and insecticidal characteristics of strain BH-1 isolated from diseased larva of Anoplophora glabripennis (Motsch.) [Method] The strain was identified by routine method and inoculated onto healthy Anoplophora glabripennis (Motsch.) for observing insecticidal effect, further 16S DNA was amplified by the specific primers for sequencing and homology analysis. [Result] The mortality of second instar of Anoplophora glabripennis(Motsch.) reached 72.7% 8 d after 1010 cfu/ml BH-1 was inoculated. The homology of 16S DNA se- quences between BH-1 and Serratia marcescens accessed in GenBank reached 99.5%. Combined with the results of routine identification, BH-1 was identi-fied as S. marcescens. [Conclusion] BH-1 could be used for biological control ofAnoplophora glabripenais (Motsch.).     

两个玉米新CIPK基因的鉴定

利用生物信息学的方法从玉米的基因组中鉴定出两个新的CIPK基因,并对这两个新基因的位置、结构、遗传进化和顺式调控元件进行了分析,为深入挖掘它们的功能提供了有益信息。     

可可西里豆科植物根瘤内生细菌系统发育及促生特性研究

[目的]研究可可西里豆科植物根瘤内生细菌系统发育、抗菌特性和分泌IAA能力。[方法]对分离自可可西里的豆科植物Oxytropis falcate Bunge的根瘤内生细菌进行了16S r DNA全序列分析、抗菌试验以及IAA分泌能力检测。[结果]16S r DNA全序列分析结果表明,17株供试菌有12株属于芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus);有1株供试菌CNU097903与短杆菌属Brevibacterium halotolerans处于同一分支,相似性达99.9%;菌株CNU097916与Agrobacterium tumefaciens处于同一分支,相似性达99.8%;菌株CNU097914和CNU097915处于一个单独的分支,其系统发育地位有待进一步确定。抗菌试验结果表明,10株供试菌对G-黄单胞杆菌(Xanthomonas Campestris)、G+金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)、番茄灰霉(Botrytis cinerea)和瓜果腐霉(Pythium aphanidermatum)4种指示菌表现出不同程度的抗性:菌株CNU097906抗菌谱最广,对4种指示菌都有抗性;菌株CNU097902对番茄灰霉的抗性最强,抑菌圈直径达38 mm;菌株CNU097908对黄单胞杆菌的抗性最强,抑菌圈直径达38 mm;菌株CNU097901对金黄色葡萄球菌的抗性最强,抑菌圈直径达41 mm。采用Salkowski比色法测定供试菌分泌IAA的能力,结果表明,10供试菌都具有分泌IAA的能力。[结论]该研究为进一步探究内生细菌的生防机制和途径奠定基础,为可可西里内生菌资源的研究和合理开发利用提供理论依据。