山西忻州地区植物物候与气候变化特征分析

摘要：本文利用了忻州市、五台县的气象和物候资料,并运用距平分析法、回归分析法、M-K突变分析法,分析其特征。结果显示,1）忻州、五台两个农业气象站点,年平均气温冷暖交替变化,年降水量逐年减小。2）两个农业气象站的植物,春季物候期均呈提前趋势。秋季物候期表现不一致,忻州市秋季物候期的平均倾向率为1.29d/a,整体趋势表现为推迟;五台县的秋季物候期,因紫丁香提前趋势相对较大,故总体呈提前趋势。3）植物物候期与气温变化的相关性较大,而年降水量对其变化的影响较为微弱。从植物物候期突变时间可看出,其与气温、降水突变时间同步或紧随其后,且对气温的小幅变化反应敏感。     

玉米自交系叶片水分利用效率差异性及其生理变化

为选育抗旱性强、耗水少、水分利用效率高的品种.以22个玉米自交系为材料,采取正常灌溉和适度水分胁迫处理,对自交系叶片水分利用效率(WUE)、光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)、相对叶绿素值( SPAD)和荧光动力学参数进行研究.结果表明,不同自交系WUE差异显著,而且对水分的敏...     

Corporate Dividend Policy Under the Change of Earnings in China

Using non-parameter test and multinomial logit regression, this paper studies the dividend policy and behavior empirically. The results show that the change of the earnings of firms affects their dividend policy. When the EPS of the firms increase, the probability of choosing not to pay cash dividend is maximal, yet when the EPS of the firms decrease, many firms choose not to pay cash dividend or choose to increase DPS, so that the information that the relevant firms have great expectation is transmitted to the market. Furthermore, this paper also finds that the successiveness of the dividend policy of the listed firms in China is not good.     

氮肥运筹对小麦群体变化、穗粒数分布及产量的影响

为小麦持续增产提供重要技术途径,对氮肥不同施用量和不同底追比例进行研究,选用‘周麦18’作为试验材料,研究了氮肥运筹技术对小麦群体动态变化、穗粒数分布及产量的影响。结果表明：“前轻中重后补充”的氮肥运筹技术降低了小麦生育期的最高群体,小麦分蘖成穗率较传统施肥处理提高了3.1个百分点,同时增加了穗粒重、提高了千粒重,单穗重显著提高了0.2 g;在每公顷施纯氮240 kg和180 kg条件下,运用“前轻中重后补充”氮肥运筹技术较传统施肥处理（全底）增产694.5 kg/hm2、486.0 kg/hm2,增幅分别为10.1%和7.2%。结果说明“前轻中重后补充”的氮肥应用策略是一项高产高效的氮肥运筹技术。     

30℃条件下玉米自呼吸对储藏环境中气体浓度变化的影响研究

通过对3种不同水分(偏低水分11.8％、安全水分13.3％和偏高水分16.3％)的玉米在30℃条件下,密闭储藏环境内N2、O2和CO2百分浓度变化的测定,研究密闭储藏环境条件下玉米粮粒周围环境气体成分浓度的变化规律.20 L规模的试验室研究结果表明:不同水分玉米在密闭储藏时环境中N2浓度随时间的变化均不大;不同水分玉米在密闭储藏时环境中O2浓度与储藏时间呈负相关;不同水分玉米在密闭储藏时环境中CO2浓度与储藏时间呈正相关.在气调储藏时,对偏低水分和安全水分的玉米可充分利用粮粒的自呼吸使环境中的O2浓度在21 d内迅速下降,后期可通过粮粒的自呼吸使O2浓度维持在5％左右,偏高水分的玉米在11 d内即可使O2浓度迅速下降,但后期O2浓度接近0％,无氧呼吸加剧.通过对玉米密闭储藏环境中气体浓度以及耗氧量和CO2累积量随时间的变化趋势线进行回归分析,得到30℃条件下不同水分玉米密闭环境中N2、O2和CO2的回归方程以及耗氧量和CO2累积量的回归方程,利用相应回归方程,可获得玉米在密闭储藏时环境中不同储藏时间段的气体浓度,为气调储藏时玉米粮粒自呼吸的合理利用提供基础技术参数和数据模型.     

木霉制剂对茉莉白绢病和土壤微生物数量的影响

采用稀释分离法研究了木霉菌在土壤中的定殖动态以及木霉制剂对土壤微生物数量的影响情况,田间测定了木霉制剂对茉莉白绢病的防治效果。结果表明,在含有基质的情况下,木霉菌在土壤中的存活数量呈先上升后下降的趋势;并且木霉菌在灭菌土中的存活量明显高于自然土。茉莉种植园施入木霉制剂后,茉莉根围土壤中细菌和真菌的数量显著提高,白绢病的发病率明显降低;处理区的最高防效达71.07%。     

论金融危机下政府应对市场变化

摘 要：通过对世界金融危机的分析,吸收借鉴西方经济学家关于经济危机和金融危机理论的合理要素,运用马克思政治经济学观点,辩证的分析了世界金融危机对社会主义市场经济的影响,以及对中国国内市场变化的影响,重点提出了政府或部门在市场经济的社会背景下,面对金融危机如何转变政府职能,采取积极的应对措施应对危机,从而战胜危机,促进经济发展。     

园林植物对重金属胁迫的响应研究现状

从重金属对城市园林植物生长的影响以及城市园林植物对重金属吸收2个方面综述了园林植物对重金属胁迫响应的研究进展, 并根据当前研究的成果, 就今后的研究重点进行了简要阐述。     

Variation of wood density and hydraulic properties of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) clones related to a heat and drought wave in France

Drought response of three Douglas-fir clones (slow, intermediate and fast growing) inhabiting two different climatic regimes in France was examined. We used the hydraulic conductivity and the percent loss of conductivity due to embolism from stems and branches as well as wood microdensity measurements to determine the role of genetics in the control of embolism in this species. Conductivity and tree-ring’s microdensity variables (ring width: RW, mean ring density: MRD, minimum ring density: MID and maximum ring density: MAD) were compared in growth rings in all three clones during a typical year (2002) vs. an extremely dry year (2003). A new method was developed in order to assess axial hydraulic specific conductivity (K_s) within tree rings. The results show that branches are more resistant to embolism than stems, and that there are significant differences in embolism resistance among the clones between the two sites. K_s varied between years, sites and clones but the site exerted the most significant effect. Lartimache (more humid site during 2003) trees showed substantially higher K_s than those inhabiting Chassenoix (strongly affected by the 2003 heat and drought wave site). Wood analysis showed a significant year effect for all ring variables and a significant clone effect for all ring variables except for MAD, while the site effect was significant for MRD and MAD. The existence of a genetic control for the study traits indicates that Douglas-fir populations introduced in France may have a selection potential to face extreme climate events like the 2003 heat and drought wave.     

云南省思茅松林碳储量动态变化研究

依据云南省历次森林资源清查数据,采用云南省林业调查规划院建立的思茅松生物量与蓄积量模型和碳系数,计算各调查年份的生物量和碳储量,分析云南省39年来思茅松林碳储量、碳密度变化情况。结果表明,思茅松幼龄林碳储量变化趋势为稳中略升,碳密度变化趋势为稳步增大;中龄林碳储量急剧减少,碳密度略有降低;近熟林碳储量稳步增加,碳密度小幅提升;成熟林碳储量变化趋势为减少,碳密度变化趋势为增大;过熟林碳储量变化趋势为减少,碳密度变化趋势为增加。人工林碳储量总体变化趋势为增加,碳密度总体变化趋势为小幅增加;天然林碳储量总体变化趋势为下降,碳密度总体变化趋势为增加。思茅松龄组、起源等结构上的变化趋势有增有减、有升有降,但生物量和碳储量的总体变化趋势为减少,碳密度呈上升趋势。