改良低聚果糖口服补液盐对兔腹泻的临床试验

改良低聚果糖口服补液盐,使其具有调节微生态、补充VB1等作用,并应用于临床兔腹泻的防治.在腹泻预防试验中,改良低聚果糖口服补液盐、低聚果糖口服补液盐组和空白对照腹泻发病率分别为3.7%、12%、60%;在腹泻的治疗试验中,改良低聚果糖口服补液盐对腹泻症的治疗有效率达到89.1%;在腹泻和其他药物的治疗对照试验中,改良低聚果糖口服补液盐、低聚果糖口服补液盐组、黄连素组、空白对照,对腹泻症的治疗有效率分别为90.9%、78.9%、58.3%、18.8%.     

Investigation of the Effects of a Dietary Supplement on Insulin and Adipokine Concentrations in Equine Metabolic Syndrome/Insulin Dysregulation

High insulin concentrations are a common clinical feature of equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) and insulin dysregulation. Hyperinsulinemia can induce laminitis, so reduction of insulin concentrations in response to an oral challenge should decrease risk. In human studies, diets containing a polyphenol (resveratrol) led to improvements in insulin sensitivity. In rodents, the addition of leucine to a resveratrol supplement caused a decrease in the amount of resveratrol needed to achieve a clinical effect. We hypothesize a supplementation with a low dose of a synergistic polyphenol and amino acid blend including leucine (SPB+L) would improve metabolic health in EMS/insulin dysregulated horses. Fifteen EMS/ID horses received a high or low dose of SPB+ L daily for 6 weeks. Insulin during an oral sugar test (OST), body condition score, weight, baseline high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin, triglycerides, nonesterified fatty acids, and tumor necrosis factor alpha were assessed before supplementation (PRE) and after supplementation (POST) via paired Student’s t-tests and a repeated-measures mixed-model analysis of variance (significant at P < .05). There were no differences between doses. Horses in the POST group weighed significantly less, had significantly higher baseline HMW adiponectin concentrations, and had significantly lower insulin concentrations at 60- and 75-minute time points (P < .05). Insulin concentrations of the horsesin the POST group, but not in the PRE group, were lower and similar to results from the study conducted three years before the present study (PRIOR) for 0- and 60-minute time points (P < .002). An increased HMW adiponectin level supports increasing insulin sensitivity after supplementation. These results suggest that SPB + L supplementation at either dose leads to improvements in the clinical manifestations of EMS/insulin dysregulation, potentially reducing laminitis risk.     

黑刺粉虱综合防治技术

建立了黑刺粉虱的发生期预测式和发生量预测式，在闽东北地区验证，其准确率达９０％以上；确立了动态防治经济阈值，一般为每叶６头。韦伯虫座孢菌对黑刺粉虱幼虫的致病力强，并能寄生蛹，田间大面积应用防治效果在７０％以上，持效达２年以上。卵孵化１０％—２０％时使用２５％扑虱灵，防效达８０％—９０％。研究表明：利用虫生真菌、昆虫生长调节剂和叶面肥（混用），能有效地控制黑刺粉虱的危害，经济效益、社会效益和生态效益明显     

口服补液盐的临床应用与动物实验研究

作者于1983年开始将以葡萄糖—钠泵学说为理论的口服补液盐(ORS)技术引入我国畜牧兽医领域,经过几年的临床研究;先后在防治犊牛、猪、雏鸡和犬的腹泻脱水等获得86～98.7％的成功率。健康绵羊ORS液吸收实验和与静脉输液、口服蒸溜水吸收比较实验证明,ORS液的各种成分在服后2小时内,不仅能被胃肠粘膜吸收,极显著改善红细胞压积(P<0.01),而且初步观察到促水分吸收的葡萄糖—钠泵现象。     

Impact of oral immunoglobulins on animal health—A review

Immunoglobulin (Ig) is the one of the main anti‐infective components of blood, colostrum and breast milk. It is the unique glycoprotein that defends the body from harmful bacteria, viruses and other environmental pathogens by either binding to them or by forming an encapsulating barrier. The expansion of antimicrobial and immunomodulatory products from natural sources for dietary supplementation in both animals and humans is an ever growing and thriving area of research. Purified Ig from sheep serum (ovine serum Ig) is one such candidate product. Recent work has shown the various biological effects of oral Ig in different animal models including its effect on growth, immunity, intestinal growth and gut barrier function. The objective of this paper is to review the results of recent studies demonstrating the effects of oral Ig in both pathogenic and non‐pathogenic animal models and to suggest a possible mechanism of its action. Overall, purified oral Ig improves growth of healthy (and challenged) rats and defends against enteric infection by immunomodulation, mucin protein and/or modification of commensal microbial composition. The findings contribute to knowledge of how orally administered ovine Ig can influence and enhance key indicators of gut function and overall growth performance in an animal model.