毒绳在辽宁省义县地区应用的初探

广泛大量地应用杀虫药物进行卫生害虫的防治,不仅耗费大量的人力财力,也造成了环境的污染,还可使害虫对杀虫药物的抗性逐年上升。为了探索如何充分地利用现有的药物,使其发挥更大的效力,提高其防治水平。节省用药量,延缓抗性的发展,减少药物对环境的污染有着重要的意义。为此本文根据实验浅谈了应用毒绳灭虫的效果。"     

安眠酮的吸附极谱波研究

在ｐＨ４．５缓冲溶液中，安眠酮在－１．１７Ｖ处产生一灵敏吸附极谱波，利用此波可测定微量安眠酮，线性范围为１．０×１０＾－７￣１．０×１０＾－６ｍｏｌ·Ｌ＾－１，检测下限为９．０×１０＾－８ｍｏｌ·Ｌ＾－１，所提出的方法用于片剂及血清中安眠酮的测定，结果满意。     

天津地区猪源大肠杆菌对抗菌药物敏感性测定

对从天津市各区主要养猪场分离的48株猪大肠杆菌进行了抗菌药物敏感性监测,结果表明,17种抗菌药物中抑菌作用最强的是头孢氨苄,敏感菌株为83.4%,其次是阿米卡星,敏感菌株为72.9%;对青霉素的耐药性为100%,其次是四环素,耐药性为85.4%。全部受检菌株均表现出不同程度的耐药性,多数为5耐以上多重联合耐药。其中12耐菌株所占比例最大(16.7%),其次为11耐菌株(14.6%)。48株耐药菌中,共有40种耐药谱型。     

8405药剂的药物代谢动力学研究

8405药剂是新创制的复方制剂,经临床试用表明本药剂对某些细菌性和原虫性疾患具有良好疗效,通过药物代谢动力学研究由所求得的主要参数(生物半衰期、血药峰值、有效浓度维持时间、消除率等)说明本药剂是一种吸收、排泄缓慢、药效持续时间较长的广谱、高效杀菌药剂,在临床上有推广应用意义。     

新疆红雁池鱼场非洲鲫鱼传染病病原学研究初报

红雁池鱼场利用电场冷却电机回流水饲养非洲鲫鱼。１９８２～１９８３年分３批从北京小唐山温泉鱼场引进非洲鲫鱼，进场不久即大批死亡，死亡率由１８．３７％到几乎全群覆灭，造成很大的经济损失．经采样进行细菌分离与鉴定并对菌株作药敏试验，同时将病鱼组织磨碎，匀浆后进行差速离心和梯度离心沉淀，点样用磷钨酸和醋酸氧铀分别染色作电镜观察。其结果为；电镜检查未发现病毒，细菌学检查分离出８株细菌。分离出的细菌以气单胞菌属菌为主（８株菌中、气单胞属菌占６株），因此定名为气单胞菌感染复合症（ＡｅｒｏｍｏｎａｄＭｉｘｅｄＩｎｆｅｃｔｉｖｅ　Ｃｏｍｐｌｅｘ）。分离上述菌株对小白鼠有较强致病力，鉴于国外文献报道气单胞菌属偶能引起人传染性胃肠炎，故本病可能为人鱼共患病，特此报道．警惕注意。     

磺胺喹(口恶)啉在肉鸡组织中的残留与组织动力学

作者采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)研究了磺胺喹(口恶)啉在肉鸡多种组织中的动力学过程,并把药动学方法及回归分析法,用于组织含药量的间接预测。研究表明,组织中 SQ 的经时过程:肌肉、心符合二项指数方程;肝、肾符合三项指数方程。SQ 从组织中消除,遵循一级动力学过程。主要的动力学参数(均值):t_(1/2)β,肌肉、肝、心、肾分别为4.54,13.47,10.10,18.95(hr);T_(max)分别为6.53,4.16,6.63,6.03(hr);C_(max)分别为4.52,5.09,7.49,9.32(mg%)SQ 在组织中的含量,肾脏最高,心、肝次之,肌肉最低。根据组织动力学方程,计算出生物样本中药物下降至0.1ppm 所需要的时间:肾、心、肝、肌肉分别为176.5,123.5,121.7,7.18(hr);下降至5mg%所需要的时间;肾、心、肝分别为18.40,14.50,7.12(hr);肌肉中的 SQ 含量始终低于 Mic。     

明矾注射液安全性研究

通过对明矾注射液的毒性、刺激性、溶血性、耐受性等项目进行研究,表明明矾注射液具有低毒性、低刺激性、无溶血性、耐受性强的特点,同时热原检查和无菌检验均符合兽药典规定。从而证实明矾注射液是一种安全性好的新兽药。     

毒害艾美耳球虫致病性与抗药性研究

用毒害艾美耳球虫杨凌株(YLn)感染14日龄雏鸡,检测毒害艾美耳球虫的致病性及其对4种常用抗球虫药的敏感性。以最适抗球虫活性百分率、抗球虫指数、相对卵囊产量和病变记分减少率为指标,进行综合评定,其抗药程度分为无抗药性、轻度抗药性、中度抗药性和完全抗药性4个等级。结果表明,该虫株对雏鸡有很强的致病性,每羽鸡经口接种1×105个孢子化卵囊时,致死率达63.3%;该虫株对地克株利有完全抗药性,对马杜拉霉素有轻度抗药性,对氯羟吡啶和氯苯胍无抗药性。     

Dose range finding study for the efficacy of meloxicam administered prior to sodium urate-induced synovitis in cats

ObjectiveTo determine the lowest efficacious dose of oral meloxicam for relieving pain in cats with a sodium urate (SU)-induced acute inflammatory synovitis.Study designRandomized, blinded, controlled, and four-way crossover study.AnimalsEight surgically neutered cats (four males, four females) paired according to sex.MethodsEach pair of cats was treated with 0 (placebo), 0.025, 0.05, or 0.075 mg kg^?1 oral meloxicam once daily for 4 days prior to injection, into alternating stifles, of 1 mL of 20 mg mL^?1 SU crystals, beginning with the right stifle. Each cat received each of the four treatments, separated by at least 21 days. Analgesic efficacy was evaluated based on objective (e.g., pressure mat data total force, contact pressure, and contact area) and subjective (e.g., scores for Analgesia Scale [AS], Lameness Scale [LS], and Visual Analog Scale [VAS]) outcome measures for pain assessment. All outcome measures were recorded before and during 30 hours after SU injection. The pre-defined primary outcome measure was the area under the response–time curve (AUC_0–30 hours) of the total force of the injected limb. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance. A sequential test procedure was applied and the test sequence stopped in case of a nonsignificant result.ResultsMeloxicam at doses of 0.05 and 0.075 mg kg^?1 day^?1 PO was significantly different from placebo for the pre-defined primary outcome measure (i.e., AUC_0–30 hours of total force). All tested meloxicam doses were lower than placebo for the subjective outcome measures (i.e., AUC_0–30 hours of AS, LS, and VAS).Conclusions and clinical relevanceThe lowest efficacious dose of meloxicam for relieving pain in cats with an SU-induced synovitis was 0.05 mg kg^?1 day^?1 PO according to the pre-defined primary outcome measure. However, lower doses may also be effective as seen in the subjective outcome measures.     

Induction of VEGF by tepoxalin does not lead to increased tumour growth in a canine osteosarcoma xenograft

The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug tepoxalin on canine tumour cell growth and describe the changes associated with tepoxalin treatment. In vitro experiments were performed to assess tepoxalin-associated alterations in tumour cell growth. Clinically achievable tepoxalin concentrations did not significantly alter tumour cell growth in vitro. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α dose-dependently increased in vitro in the presence of tepoxalin. A canine osteosarcoma xenograft was used to determine in vivo effects of tepoxalin on tumour growth and angiogenesis. Despite increased VEGF in vitro, there was a significant growth delay associated with tepoxalin treatment. Normal dogs were administered tepoxalin to assess effects on systemic VEGF production, but not found to have significantly increased VEGF. These data suggest that tepoxalin may moderately inhibit tumour growth and may be administered as an analgesic to tumour-bearing dogs.