Effects of dietary synbiotic on growth,survival, lactobacillus bacterial count,blood indices and immunity of beluga (Huso huso Linnaeus, 1754) juvenile

This study aimed to determine the effect of synbiotic (Biomin IMBO) as feed additive on beluga (Huso huso) juvenile with an average body weight of 26.45 ± 0.19 g. Experimental diets at which supplemented with 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 g synbiotic per kg of feed were fed to beluga juvenile, whereas the control group was fed with no synbiotic. After the feeding trial for 8 weeks, growth performance, survival, lactobacillus bacterial count, blood indices and immunity were tested. Even though, some growth performance and feed utilization parameters including WG, SGR and FCR were improved in group fed with 2.0 g kg^?1 synbiotic; however, there were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in growth and feeding parameters between juveniles fed control and synbiotic supplementation diets. In terms of intestinal microbiota, there were no significant differences in total and lactic acid bacteria among treatments (P > 0.05). In addition, there were no significant differences of RBC counts, haematocrit, monocyte, lymphocyte, neutrophil, serum glucose and serum total protein levels between the treatment groups (P > 0.05), but group 2 and 4 g kg^?1 synbiotic showed a significant difference (P < 0.05) in WBC counts and haemoglobin, respectively. Furthermore, alternative complement activity (ACH50) and serum total immunoglobulin (Ig) were significantly increased in 2.0 g kg^?1 synbiotic fed fish (P < 0.05); however, it did not change the lysozyme activity, significantly (P > 0.05). These results indicate that synbiotic improves immunity of beluga sturgeon without detrimentally impacting the growth performance, modulates intestinal microbiota and basic haematological parameters assessed. Thus, we suggest that 2.0 g kg^?1 level of synbiotic may be used as an immunity promoter for beluga sturgeon juvenile.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病中等毒力活疫苗对H9亚型禽流感灭活疫苗体液免疫应答影响的研究

将150只维扬麻鸡商品雏鸡随机分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ 5组,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组对应免疫A、B、C 3种IBD活疫苗和同一种H9亚型AI灭活疫苗,Ⅳ组为免疫对照组,只免疫H9亚型AI灭活疫苗,Ⅴ组为空白对照组。IBD中等毒力活疫苗二免后,定期监测鸡群H9亚型AI灭活疫苗免疫后的HI抗体消长情况,以评价这3种IBD活疫苗对H9亚型AI灭活疫苗体液免疫应答的影响。结果发现,45日龄前（即IBD疫苗二免后23 d前、H9亚型AI灭活疫苗二免后20 d前）,Ⅰ组与Ⅳ组、Ⅱ组与Ⅳ组H9亚型AIV抗体水平均差异显著（P<0.05）,Ⅲ组与Ⅳ组间差异不显著（P>0.05）。在45日龄后（即H9亚型AI灭活疫苗二免20 d后）,试验鸡的H9亚型AIV HI抗体水平均无显著差异。     

Functional characterization of bovine TIRAP and MyD88 in mediating bacterial lipopolysaccharide-induced endothelial NF-κB activation and apoptosis

Mastitis is a prevalent disease in dairy cows. Gram-negative bacteria, which express the pro-inflammatory molecule lipopolysaccharide (LPS), are responsible for the majority of acute clinical cases of mastitis. Previous studies have identified differential susceptibility of human and bovine endothelial cells (EC) to the pro-inflammatory and injury-inducing effects of LPS. The Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 signaling pathway, which is activated by LPS, has been well studied in humans, but not in ruminants. Human myeloid differentiation-factor 88 (MyD88) and TIR-domain containing adaptor protein (TIRAP) are critical proteins in the LPS-induced NF-κB and apoptotic signaling pathways. To assess the role of the bovine orthologs of these proteins in bovine TLR-4 signaling, dominant-negative constructs were expressed in bovine EC, and LPS-induced NF-κB activation and apoptosis evaluated. The results from this study indicate that bovine MyD88 and TIRAP play functional roles in transducing LPS signaling from TLR-4 to downstream effector molecules involved in NF-κB activation, and that TIRAP promotes apoptotic signaling.     

中药产品甙肽对猪高热病防治效果分析

为找到一种有效防治猪“高热病”的方法,本研究分别检测试验组和对照组猪血常规、血清生化指标、血清中细胞因子含量,以及甙肽产品对于预防和治疗猪高热病效果进行分析;结果表明使用中药产品甙肽后,能够显著提高试验组猪的非特异性免疫力。进一步证明了中药对于预防病毒性疾病可以起到独特效果。     

养殖密度对克氏原螯虾生长及消化酶、免疫酶活性的影响

水温(25±1)℃时,将体质量(3.11±0.10)g的克氏原螯虾幼虾饲养在120 cm×60 cm×20 cm的水族箱中,密度分别为14尾/m2(低密度组)、28尾/m2(中密度组)和42尾/m2(高密度组),研究室内养殖不同密度对生长、摄食、消化酶活性及非特异性免疫的影响.8周的养殖结果显示,克氏原螯虾的存活率随养...     

Dietary Threonine Needs for Growth and Immunity of Broilers Raised Under Different Litter Conditions

Two studies were conducted simultaneously and evaluated the Thr needs of male Ross × Ross 708 broilers. Broilers in the 2 studies were reared under 2 litter conditions: new (NL) vs. used built-up soft wood shavings (BL). Separated by a center aisle, all floor pens from 1 side of the close-sided house contained NL, whereas the opposite side contained BL. Broilers received common diets up to 21 d and then were fed 1 of 6 total dietary Thr levels that ranged from 0.51 to 0.86% total Thr until d 42. At 42 d, birds were processed. A subsample of birds from each experimental unit corresponding to either the 0.51 or 0.72% Thr treatments was taken, immune function was quantified, and lymphoid organs were weighed. Results for live performance and carcass traits are in close agreement with previously reported values in the literature. Quadratic responses were observed for BW gain, feed conversion, and carcass and breast meat absolute and relative weights. Depending on the variable, these responses were maximized from 0.71 to 0.74% Thr when broilers were raised on NL and from 0.73 to 0.78% Thr when broilers were raised on BL. Low Thr (0.51%) was without effect on most immune parameters. However, low Thr decreased relative thymus weight and increased monocyte NO production in built-up and new litter environments, respectively.     

饲料中添加不同脂肪源、VC和VE对大菱鲆生长和非特异性免疫力的影响

研究了不同脂肪源、VC和VE以及上述3种复合营养性添加剂对大菱鲆非特异性免疫力、生长和存活率的影响。结果表明,以鳀鱼鱼油为脂肪源,添加高剂量的VE能提高大菱鲆血清补体活性,并且提高大菱鲆的溶菌酶活性,但不影响大菱鲆血液的中性粒细胞吞噬率及白细胞总数;饲料中VC含量增加到250mg/kg,大菱鲆血液中的白细胞总数明显增加,而进一步提高饲料中的VC含量时,其白细胞总数没有显著变化;血清溶菌酶活性在VC含量为250mg/kg时最高。饲料中VC含量对白细胞的吞噬活性没有影响。在75d的养殖时间内,摄食复合营养性免疫增强剂的大菱鲆,其体重增重率(平均为95·3%)和成活率(99·4%)均明显高于未摄食营养型免疫增强剂的对照组体重增重率(68·0%)和成活率(93·7%)。     

不同饲料添加剂对日本囊对虾生长及非特异性免疫的影响

以初始体长为(4.70±0.36)cm的日本囊对虾(Marsupenaeus japonicus)为研究对象,探讨不同类型饲料添加剂对日本囊对虾生长及非特异性免疫的影响。实验设4个试验组(A~D组)和1个对照组(E组)分别投喂饲料:对照组为实验用配合饲料,A组为在配合饲料中添加0.1%的维生素C;B组为在配合饲料中添加0.16%的低聚糖;C组为在配合饲料中添加6×105cfu·g-1的芽孢杆菌;D组为混合添加组(由A、B、C 3组各1/3的量组合而成)。结果显示:与对照组相比,各试验组均显著提高了日本囊对虾的增长率(P0.05);A、B、D组显著提高了增重率和特定生长率(P0.05),但是各组间差异不显著;与其它试验组相比,D组中日本囊对虾的增重率和特定生长率均最高。非特异免疫结果发现,D组肌肉中的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和酚氧化酶(PO)的活力显著高于对照组(P0.05)。D组肝胰腺中SOD、T-AOC、PO活力显著高于对照组(P0.05),而ACP和AKP与对照组差异并不显著。研究结果表明,饲料中添加一定量的维生素C、低聚糖、芽孢杆菌及3种添加剂的复合制剂投喂日本囊对虾,可在一定程度上提高对虾的生长性能,改善非特异性免疫力。     

1～28日龄AA肉鸡VE需求参数的研究

试验采用单因子随机设计法,设4个不同的VE水平,每个水平3个重复。选取96只1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡,采用玉米—豆粕型基础饲粮,饲粮VE添加量分别为5、15、150及1 500 IU/kg。各处理间除VE水平不同外,其他营养及饲养管理条件均一致。试验期28 d,试验结束时,计算各组AA肉鸡的日采食量、日增重、料肉比、吞噬指数、免疫器官指数和新城疫抗体滴度。试验结果表明,当饲粮中的VE适当超量(150~1 500 IU/kg)供给时,可提高AA肉鸡新城疫抗体滴度、脾脏指数和法氏囊指数,但肉鸡生产性能下降。综合生产性能及免疫机能各项指标得出,1~28日龄AA肉鸡日粮中VE适宜添加水平为5 IU/kg。