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为验证腺病毒载体在鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF)及鸡胚中递送小干扰RNA的可行性,本实验利用共转染技术将表达针对新城疫病毒(NDV)NP基因shRNA的重组质粒同源重组到pGSadeno腺病毒载体系统,用重组腺病毒感染CEF和鸡胚,通过红荧光报告基因的表达情况和荧光定量PCR检测NP基因mRNA的表达对其进行鉴定,并通过细胞形态观察、血凝价的测定评价其在CEF和鸡胚上对NDV增殖的影响。实验结果显示重组腺病毒能够感染CEF,感染CEF后6h、9h、12h与对照组比较NP基因mRNA的表达量分别降低了3.2倍,25.6倍,2.57倍,并能够推迟NDV致细胞病变效应,抑制NDV在鸡胚上的增殖,延缓鸡胚的死亡。本实验构建的重组腺病毒能够在CEF和鸡胚上递送特异的shRNA,为在CEF中的RNA干涉研究开辟了新的递送途径。 相似文献
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Published documentation of insect pests and pathogens associated with Alnus species in Africa is very scarce. We surveyed damaging insects and pathogens, and arthropod natural enemies on Alnus acuminata and A. nepalensis in Kabale and Mbale districts, Uganda between March 1999 and August 2000 in order to identify the range and relative abundance of arthropods and pathogens associated with the Alnus species. Frequently encountered damaging insects on the Alnus species included Apis mellifera, Apion globulipenne, a Systates sp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Phymateus viridipes, a Lobotrachelus sp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Coloborrtics corticina and some Chrysomelidae. Some species such as Aphis fabae, Parastictococcus multispinosus and a Cacopsylla sp. (Homoptera: Psyllidae) were observed feeding on other agroforestry tree species and/or crops although they generally occurred at low population intensities. Spiders and parasitic Hymenoptera were the most common natural enemies. Diseases were more severe in nurseries than in the field. Damping-off caused by Fusarium oxysporum, Septoria brown leaf spot and stem canker were the most serious diseases of Alnus. The array of damaging insects and pathogens indicates a potential danger to the cultivation of Alnus species in Uganda as adoption of the species for agroforestry continues to expand in the country. In view of the increasing demand for Alnus species for agroforestry in Uganda, regular pest monitoring and appropriate control strategies are necessary.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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A participatory epidemiological (PE) study was carried out with Turkana pastoralists in Turkana South District, Kenya, to determine the relative incidence of livestock diseasess and their impact on livelihoods. A sub-location was used as the sampling unit. A sub-location is the smallest administrative unit and is occupied by clusters of families (called adakars) that share common grazing patterns. A total of 32 sub-locations were randomly selected for the study. At least one focus group discussion involving more than 10 people was held with each adakar. In addition, key informant interviews involving local leaders and animal health service providers were conducted before or after the group sessions. PE techniques that were used with the stock owners include participatory mapping, relative incidence scoring, proportional piling, disease impact matrix scoring, seasonal calendars and probing. The methods used were pre-tested in four sub-locations that were excluded from further study. The study revealed that goats, with median score of 33 (10th and 90th percentiles of 25, 44, respectively) and sheep, median score of 20.5 (15, 26) were perceived to be the most abundant livestock species while goats (median score of 32 [21, 56]) and camels (median score of 22.5 [11, 33]) contributed the most to the livelihoods of the pastoralists. For goats, the overall relative incidence scores of peste des petits ruminants (PPR), contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) and mange were 23.5% (15, 34), 25% (21, 45) and 20% (19, 28), respectively. The respective median scores for case fatality rates were 66% (45, 76.5), 62.5% (25, 100) and 73.2% (21.4, 85.7). Disease impact matrix scores indicated that mange was the most important disease of goats. Mange (range: 28–32%) and pox (range: 16–38%) were perceived to be the most prevalent diseases in camels. Livestock movements, limited access to veterinary services and stock theft were identified as key factors that contributed to the high prevalence and persistence of these diseases. This paper discusses strategies that could be used to control these diseases given the challenges associated with nomadic pastoralism and insecurity. 相似文献
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MEI Li WANG Yingchao WU Di LI Yue SONG Yanjun WEI Haitao WANG Lin GAO Xiaolong FENG Xiaoyu 《畜牧兽医学报》1956,51(12):3187-3192
This experiment was conducted to establish a droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) method for the detection of Newcastle disease virus (NDV). A ddPCR method was developed, which the primers and probes were designed based on the conservative regions of F gene of NDV. The concentration of primer and probe, the annealing temperature in ddPCR reaction were optimized. The sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility of ddPCR method were evaluated. In results, the optimal primer concentration and the probe concentration were 900 and 250 nmol·L-1, the optimum annealing temperature was 55℃. The detection limit of ddPCR method was 1.8 copies·μL-1 with a good linear response, it had no cross reaction with other six viruses (include IBV), the coefficient of variation of sample repetition was 2.4%. All the results showed that NDV ddPCR was sensitive and specific, it was suitable for quantitative detection of clinical samples infected with NDV. 相似文献
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RT-PCR法快速鉴别新城疫强弱毒株的试验 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过对大量不同毒力NDV F基因核苷酸序列的分析,根据强弱毒株F0裂解位点的序列差异设计合成了三对引物,建立了快速诊断新城疫并能鉴别其强弱毒株的反转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)方法,整个试验过程可在5h内完成。试验表明,该方法具有快速特异和操作简便的特点,不仅适用于对鸡胚毒的检测,而且适用于对病鸡组织匀浆液的检测,是新城疫鉴别诊断和流行病学调查的颇具潜力的分子诊断方法。 相似文献