不同动物来源的新城疫病毒F基因序列分析

为了解广西地区新城疫病毒（NDV）在不同动物宿主内的分布流行情况,对从广西地区鸡、野鸟、猪、鹅、马等5种不同动物体内分离到 NDV 毒株,进行了 F 基因的克隆扩增和序列分析。结果表明,5个NDV 分离株 F 基因的核苷酸序列同源性为85．2％～98．6％,推导氨基酸序列同源性为88．9％～98．6％,同源性差异较大;5个毒株的 F 基因与国内贵州、长春、福建等地的当前流行株同源性较高;以 F 基因前374 bp核甘酸同源性比较分型表明,鸡源、鹅源、马源毒株为当前流行的基因Ⅶ型,而猪源毒株和野鸟源毒株为传统的基因Ⅱ型。     

我国出口观赏鸟新城疫病毒血清抗体的监测

2001年月11月-2002年12月间，用血凝抑制试验(HI)对28种出口观赏鸟的600份血清进行了NDV血清抗体监测。结果：阳性抗体1：2滴度的检出率为69．8％、1：4的为15．3％、1：8(含1：8以上)的为4．8％；冬春两季的检出率比夏秋两季高。被检雀形目的10个科28种观赏鸟中全部检出不同程度的NDV血清阳性抗体，抗体滴度在1：4以上的有9个科，分别是雀科、梅花雀科、绣眼科、鸫亚科、鹎科、巫鸟科、书眉画科和百灵科，其中以梅花雀科和百灵科的检出率最高。     

鸡新城疫CS2实验疫苗的生产及鉴定

应用ＳＰＦ鸡胚生产出３批ＣＳ２实验疫苗，疫苗的病毒价≥１０８．５ＥＬＤ５０／ｍｌ。对２月龄小鸡的最低免疫量（ＭＩＤ）为３～３０ＥＬＤ５０。据此，作者们建议对此种小鸡的实用免疫剂量为１０５ＥＬＤ５０。对这３批疫苗的实验结果显示：１０倍的剂量（即１０６ＥＬＤ５０）对鸡不引起任何不正常现象。免疫持续期达１２个月以上。在２～８℃和－１５℃中分别保存９和２４个月效力不变。     

贵州中药材淫羊藿病虫害种类调查

2010～2012年采用定点踏查、普查和定时系统调查的方式对贵州淫羊藿中药材的病虫害种类进行了调查。结果表明,贵州淫羊藿共有常见病虫害12种,其中病害主要为淫羊藿叶褐斑枯病(Macrophoma sp.)、淫羊藿皱缩病毒病、淫羊藿锈病(Puccinia sp.)、淫羊藿白粉病(Oidium sp.)、淫羊藿生理性红叶病和淫羊藿根肿病(Plasmodiophora sp.);虫害为中华稻蝗(Oxya chinensis)、短额负蝗(Atractomorpha xinensis)、淫羊藿尺蠖和沫蝉;其他2种为螨类和鼠害。     

Application of participatory epidemiology techniques to investigate Newcastle disease among rural farmers in Zamfara state,Nigeria

Formal systems of inquiry are of limited value when working with rural communities in developing countries. The current research used alternative systems of inquiry and learning that involved applying participatory epidemiology (PE) techniques to collect veterinary information about Newcastle disease (ND) in rural areas. Results indicated that poultry constituted the largest proportion (42.4%) of livestock species kept, and the poultry diseases that local farmers callbingiri, ciwon-sufe,dankanoman-kaji, dangari, andgurdumu are consistent with modern veterinary knowledge of Newcastle disease, respiratory disease, coccidiosis, fowl pox, and ectoparasitism, respectively.Tsuwen zaki (lion's testicle;Cucumuis pustulatus) andgarafuni (balsam pear;Momordica balsamina) are traditional remedies used to prevent Newcastle disease. Local farmers are knowledgeable about common disease that affect their poultry; they have good diagnostic abilities and can recognize clinical signs. There should be improved veterinary outreach to share some of this information via active community participation, and PE should be incorporated into state and national disease surveillance systems.     

1株广东鸡源新城疫病毒的分离鉴定和毒力基因分析

从广东粤东地区某商品蛋鸡场的发病鸡群中分离到1株病毒（YS株）,经血凝和血凝抑制试验确定为新城疫病毒（NDV）.对该分离株的F蛋白氨基酸序列的分析结果表明,其F0裂解位点的氨基酸序列为1nR-R-Q-K-R-F117,且含有101K和121V,符合典型NDV强毒株的分子特点.遗传分析结果显示分离株属于基因Ⅶd亚型.F和HN基因的氨基酸相似性分析表明,分离株与基因Ⅶ型NDV Chicken/China/Shandong/02/2010株的相似性最高,均达到99％,而与常用疫苗株B1、V4、Clone30、Mukteswar和La Sota的相似性则较低,分别在86.8％～ 90.4％和87.2％～88.3％之间,说明分离株与经典的NDV毒株存在一定的差异.     

鄂州市鄂城区园林植物病虫害调查及防治措施探讨

针对当前鄂州市鄂城区园林绿化的现状,调查了鄂城区150多种常见树种病虫害发生情况,如香樟、法国梧桐、广玉兰、栾树、合欢、垂柳、银杏、桂花、法国冬青、红继木、雪松、大叶黄杨、小叶女贞、梅花、碧桃、垂柳等,并提出了相应的防治措施,以供园林绿化工作者参考。     

东亚钳蝎疾病与天敌的防治

本文介绍了东亚钳蝎在人工养殖条件下 ,一些疾病与天敌发生的原因、临床症状及防治方法。     

大白菜主要病害综合防治技术

本文对近几年大白菜三大病害的防治研究成果进行了综述。     

Deduced Amino Acid Sequences Surrounding the Fusion Glycoprotein Cleavage Site and of the Carboxyl-terminus of Haemagglutinin–Neuraminidase Protein of the Avirulent Thermostable Vaccine Strain I-2 of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Newcastle disease virus</Emphasis>

A single-tube RT-PCR technique generated a 387 bp or 300 bp cDNA amplicon covering the F₀ cleavage site or the carboxyl (C)-terminus of the HN gene, respectively, of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strain I-2. Sequence analysis was used to deduce the amino acid sequences of the cleavage site of F protein and the C-terminus of HN protein, which were then compared with sequences for other NDV strains. The cleavage site of NDV strain I-2 had a sequence motif of ¹¹² RKQGRLIG¹¹⁹, consistent with an avirulent phenotype. Nucleotide sequencing and deduction of amino acids at the C-terminus of HN revealed that strain I-2 had a 7-amino-acid extension (VEILKDGVREARSSR. This differs from the virulent viruses that caused outbreaks of Newcastle disease in Australia in the 1930s and 1990s, which have HN extensions of 0 and 9 amino acids, respectively. Amino acid sequence analyses of the F and HN genes of strain I-2 confirmed its avirulent nature and its Australian origin.