老子如何被推向神坛

哲学家老子之所以能够成为道教教主,其原因为:一是老子受到黄帝的“感染”而成为神仙,二是《史记》的含糊记载有助于后人对老子的神学改造,三是《老子》有助于道教理论的建立。最后讨论了道教放弃黄帝而选择老子作为教主的原因。     

黄淮冬麦区区试小麦品种（系）的品质性状分析及评价

采用国际标准分析方法，对1998－1999年度黄淮冬麦区区试18个参试小麦品种（系）的籽粒品质、蛋白质品质、磨粉品质、粉质参数等品质性状进行了系统的测定和分析。结果表明，参试品种的籽粒硬度、蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量总体水平较高，沉淀值多数属于中、中低类型、稳定时间多数属于中、低类型、大多数参试品种的软化度过高，评价值偏低。     

蝗虫多肽对大鼠肥胖抑制作用的研究

试验旨在研究能量型日粮中添加蝗虫多肽对大鼠肥胖及脂肪代谢的影响。试验选用30只6周龄的Wistar- Imamichi系雄性大鼠,随机分为3组,试验1组在基础日粮中添加20%猪油;试验2组在基础日粮中添加20%猪油+添加10%蝗虫多肽粉末;试验3组在基础日粮中添加20%猪油+添加10%纤维素粉,试验期8个月。试验期间每周末称重一次,试验结束后测定血液生化指标及各脏器中瘦素(Leptin)浓度,并运用Real-time PCR技术对脂肪中瘦素mRNA表达量进行了测定。结果表明,试验2组与试验1、3组相比,从18周龄开始体重增加明显减缓,对附睾周围脂肪重量存在极显著的抑制(P＜0.01),各脏器重量未因使用蝗虫多肽而变化;部分血液生化指标存在显著或极显著差异(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);试验2、3组的血清、脑脊髓液中瘦素浓度极显著低于试验1组(P＜0.01);试验2组瘦素mRNA表达量显著高于试验1组(P＜0.05)。说明蝗虫多肽所含多种功能性酶能够抑制大鼠体内脂肪的增加,有效地控制了肥胖。     

卵泡直径对辽宁绒山羊卵母细胞体外培养的影响

本试验以屠宰场绒山羊卵巢为材料,采用抽吸法收集不同直径卵泡卵母细胞,研究卵泡直径对卵母细胞回收效果和体外成熟、体外受精的影响。结果表明,卵泡直径直接影响卵母细胞的回收效果及随后的体外成熟、体外受精;卵母细胞的回收率和可用卵的比率及成熟率与卵泡直径呈正相关;直径2.1～5 mm卵泡的卵母细胞由于处于生长旺盛期,受精率和卵裂率分别为59.15%和42.50%,显著高于直径5 mm卵泡和≤2 mm卵泡,适合体外胚胎的生产,而直径≤2 mm卵泡的卵母细胞因未发育充分体外发育潜能最差;直径5 mm卵泡的卵母细胞可能因体外培养成熟过度而老化导致受精率和卵裂率降低,缩短其体外成熟时间可能会提高其体外发育潜能。     

不同日粮能氮水平对波尔×隆林杂交羔羊血液生化指标的影响

试验选择16只3月龄断奶波隆杂交F1代公羔,采用4×4拉丁方设计,以NRC（1981）营养需要推荐量为参考设计了低能低氮、高能低氮、低能高氮和高能高氮（NRC）4种能氮比日粮,分别为日粮1、2、3和4。探讨不同日粮能氮水平对波尔×隆林杂交羔羊血液生化指标的影响。结果表明,相对于日粮1组,日粮2、3、4组血浆尿素氮差异不显著,但日粮3组与日粮2、4组组间差异显著（P<0.05）;血清白蛋白显著降低,且日粮1组与日粮2、4组差异显著（P<0.05）;血清甘油三酯显著升高,且日粮1组与日粮4组差异显著（P<0.05）;血液胰岛素水平显著升高,且日粮1组与日粮2、4组差异显著（P<0.05）,日粮2、3组组间差异显著（P<0.05）;血清总胆固醇呈下降趋势,且日粮1组与日粮3、4组差异显著（P<0.05）;对其它血液指标无显著影响。     

麻城黑山羊选育效果观测

[目的]提高麻城黑山羊的生产性能。[方法]选用四川简阳大耳黑山羊公羊和麻城黑山羊母羊进行1次杂交,对杂交后代进行自群繁育时,建立1个育种核心场与几个育种场,形成育种繁育体系,2006年对经选育后的麻城黑山羊的生产性能指标进行观测。[结果]选育后的麻城黑山羊公、母羊初生、3月龄、12月龄各阶段的平均体重分别比选育前提高了6.29%、7.78%、9.57%和5.71%、9.23%、8.97%,体尺指标也有提高;产羔性能十分突出,产双羔以上母羊比例高达82.30%,平均年产羔率达到346%;经选育后的麻城黑山羊12月龄屠宰率为51.4%、净肉率为34.8%、肉骨比为3.88,与选育前相比,屠宰率有明显提高(P<0.05);繁殖性能也得到了改善。[结论]选育后的麻城黑山羊的各项生产性能均得到提高,选育效果明显。     

Surgical treatment for different forms of hernias in sheep and goats

Sheep and goats are frequently presented with different forms of hernias to veterinary clinics. The aim of this study is to investigate the outcome of the surgical treatment of abdominal, umbilical, inguinal and scrotal hernias in sheep and goats. Fifty-eight clinical cases (sheep = 44, goat = 14) were presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia from September, 2003 to September, 2006. These animals had abdominal (sheep = 30, goat = 10), umbilical (sheep = 6, goat = 4), inguinal (sheep = 7) and scrotal (sheep = 1) hernias. All the cases of hernias in sheep and goats were subjected to full study including the history of the case, classification of hernias, the size of the hernial ring, surgical repair of the hernias, adhesions between the hernial sacs in each case, the postoperative care and follow up of the cases. The results revealed that gender had an effect on the incidence of hernia. The incidence of abdominal hernias was higher in females and the incidence of inguinal hernia was higher in males. There was a positive correlation between the history of hernia and the degree of adhesion. For the sheep, 26 out of 30 cases of abdominal hernia had good outcomes and the healing was excellent. There were postoperative complications in 4 ewes. For the goats, there were slight swellings at the site of operation in 2 out of 10 cases of abdominal hernia, while the remaining 8 cases had good outcomes. There was one case of umbilical hernia with an umbilical abscess that had broken down with sepsis formation at the surgical site. In conclusion, the success rates of surgical treatment for all types of hernias were very high and there were no significant differences in the success rates among the different types of hernias in both sheep and goats. The types of suture materials and the types of hernias had no significant effect on the outcome of the surgical treatment.     

A survey of Salmonella spp and Campylobacter spp in dairy goat faeces and bulk tank milk in the Murcia region of Spain

This study was designed to investigate the occurrence of Salmonella spp and Campylobacter spp in faeces samples from 222 healthy Murciano-Granadina dairy goats reared on 12 farms in Spain and in samples of bulk tank milk from 11 of those herds. Neither Salmonella spp nor Campylobacter spp were isolated from any of the samples. Our results suggest that, under the management practices applied to this breed in Spain, Murciano-Granadina goats are not likely to be a significant reservoir for these food-borne pathogens.     

Rumen degradation in sheep,goats and cattle and voluntary intake by sheep of four browse species

Two experiments were conducted using dried leaves ofAlchornea cordifolia, Ficus capensis, Manniophytum fulvum andAlbizza niopoides. In Experiment 1, dry matter (DM) degradation characteristics were investigated using thein sacco nylon bag technique in West African Dwarf (WAD) sheep, WAD goats and Bunaji steers. In Experiment 2, voluntary intake of the browse forage when fed as supplements to sheep at 0, 10 and 30% levels was measured. In Experiment 1,A. cordifolia andM. fulvum had significantly higher rapidly degradable DM fraction thanA. niopoides andF. capensis. Averaged across browse species, the extent of DM degradation for sheep (58.3%) was significantly higher than for goat (47.7%) or cattle (44.1%). Ranking order of browse species for the extent of DM degradation was:F. capensis>A. cordifolia=M. fulvum=A. niopoides. In Experiment 2, as the level of supplementation increased from 10 to 30%, voluntary intake ofA. niopoides andM. fulvum increased while voluntary intake ofA. cordifolia andF. capensis declined. The results suggest that dried leaves ofA. niopoides andM. fulvum are more acceptable to WAD sheep than those ofA. cordifolia andF. capensis.     

绒山羊胎儿期毛囊发生发育关键circRNA的鉴定及功能预测分析

为探究调控绒山羊毛囊发生发育阶段关键circRNA及其功能,基于课题组前期得到的内蒙古绒山羊胎儿期(45、55、65和75 d)皮肤组织circRNA表达谱以及各比对组中差异表达circRNA的基础,根据不同时期毛囊形态发生发育情况筛选了毛囊发生发育相关的circRNA,利用生物信息学分析毛囊发生发育关键circRNA...