生姜油对佐剂性关节炎小鼠关节液前列腺素E_2的影响

目的:探讨生姜油对佐剂性关节炎小鼠足关节液前列腺素E2的影响。方法:皮下注射弗氏完全佐剂建立小鼠右后足佐剂性关节炎模型,将小鼠随机分成5组,即正常对照组、模型组、生姜油高剂量(1.0 mL.kg-1)组、生姜油低剂量(0.5 mL.kg-1)组和阳性药(地塞米松1 mg.kg-1)对照组。于致炎后d8开始灌胃给药,1次/d,连续14 d,给药容积均为20 mL.kg-1,正常对照组和模型组给等量蒸馏水。分别在致炎后d8、d12、d16、d20测量小鼠足肿胀度,并于d21处死小鼠,测定致炎侧足关节液中前列腺素(PG)E2的含量。结果:生姜油0.5,1.0 mL.kg-1均能明显减轻小鼠足肿胀(P<0.05,P<0.01),也能明显抑制佐剂性关节炎小鼠关节液中PGE2的升高(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:生姜油对小鼠佐剂性关节炎有抑制作用,其抗炎作用的机制之一可能与抑制炎症局部前列腺素合成有关。     

Studies on Mutagenicity and Teratogenicity of Sarafloxacin

Wistar rats and closed Kunming strain mice were selected to study the genetic toxicity of sarafloxacin. The results indicated that sarafloxacin had no significant toxic effect of an excreted mutagen in S. typhimurium strains, and did not induce significantly higher percentages of polyehromatic erythrocytes with micronuclei (MNPCE) in mice. No significant mutagenic activity was observed in dominant lethal assay.At 5 and 50mg/kg b.w. , sarafloxacin did not produce significant effects on the reproductive parameters of litters and fetal growth, and did not induce the teratogenic effects on fetuses. Sarafloxacin induced some toxic effects on body length and skeletal growth in fetuses of 500mg/kg b.w., but had no significant dose - response relationship among the administered dosages of sarafloxacin. The results of the genetic toxicology above indicated that no evidence showing sarafloxacin was mutagenic and potentially teratogenic for animals.     

Improvement of short straws for sperm cryopreservation: installing an air-permeable filter facilitates handling

Saving space for sperm cryopreservation would aid mouse genetics research. We previously developed the ST (sperm freezing in ShorT STraw to reduce STorage space) method for cryopreserving mouse sperm in a smaller storage space than conventional methods. However, our ST method has two drawbacks: difficulties during freeze-thaw procedures and the potential risk of sperm loss during storage. Here, we refine ST, terming the new method improved ST (iST). In iST, the straw has an air-permeable filter and the straw container (2-ml cryotube) is endowed with air vents. As in our ST method, iST frozen-thawed sperm showed good performance upon in vitro fertilization. Moreover, up to nine straws can be stored in one cryotube, occupying less storage space than conventional methods. This method provides an easy and space-saving cryopreservation method for mouse sperm, and thus will be valuable for mouse genetics researchers.     

C1qa deficiency in mice increases susceptibility to mouse hepatitis virus A59 infection

BackgroundMouse hepatitis virus (MHV) A59 is a highly infectious pathogen and starts in the respiratory tract and progresses to systemic infection in laboratory mice. The complement system is an important part of the host immune response to viral infection. It is not clear the role of the classical complement pathway in MHV infection.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to determine the importance of the classical pathway in coronavirus pathogenesis by comparing C1qa KO mice and wild-type mice.MethodsWe generated a C1qa KO mouse using CRISPR/Cas9 technology and compared the susceptibility to MHV A59 infection between C1qa KO and wild-type mice. Histopathological and immunohistochemical changes, viral loads, and chemokine expressions in both mice were measured.ResultsMHV A59-infected C1qa KO mice showed severe histopathological changes, such as hepatocellular necrosis and interstitial pneumonia, compared to MHV A59-infected wild-type mice. Virus copy numbers in the olfactory bulb, liver, and lungs of C1qa KO mice were significantly higher than those of wild-type mice. The increase in viral copy numbers in C1qa KO mice was consistent with the histopathologic changes in organs. These results indicate that C1qa deficiency enhances susceptibility to MHV A59 systemic infection in mice. In addition, this enhanced susceptibility effect is associated with dramatic elevations in spleen IFN-γ, MIP-1 α, and MCP-1 in C1qa KO mice.ConclusionsThese data suggest that C1qa deficiency enhances susceptibility to MHV A59 systemic infection, and activation of the classical complement pathway may be important for protecting the host against MHV A59 infection.     

桑枝多糖对正常小鼠免疫功能的影响

将桑枝整体干燥粉碎后提取并精制多糖。给正常小鼠灌胃不同剂量的桑枝多糖,通过对小鼠胸腺指数、脾脏指数、腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬率及吞噬指数、淋巴细胞转化率、血清溶血素含量、溶血空斑形成数量等生化指标的检测,研究桑枝多糖对正常小鼠的免疫调节作用。结果表明:桑枝多糖能显著提高正常小鼠的胸腺指数、脾脏指数、腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞的吞噬率与吞噬指数,高剂量组(600 mg/kg)小鼠的胸腺指数和脾脏指数的提高幅度达显著水平(P<0.05),低剂量(200mg/kg)组、中剂量(400 mg/kg)组、高剂量组小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬率与吞噬指数的提高幅度均达极显著水平(P<0.01);桑枝多糖还可显著促进小鼠淋巴细胞的转化以及血清溶血素和溶血空斑的形成,中剂量组、高剂量组小鼠的淋巴细胞转化率提高幅度均达极显著水平(P<0.01),中剂量组小鼠的血清溶血素含量和溶血空斑数量的提高幅度均达显著水平(P<0.05),高剂量组小鼠的血清溶血素含量和溶血空斑数量的提高幅度均达极显著水平(P<0.01)。研究结果显示,桑枝多糖对正常小鼠具有较好的免疫增强作用。     

Therapeutic effect of anti-TNF-α antibody and levofloxacin (LVFX) in a mouse model of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 infection

The ability of an anti-TNF-α antibody to confer protection against enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157 was investigated in germfree IQI mice. The use of an antibiotic levofloxacin (LVFX) alone or with the antibody was also studied. Protection included an increase in survival rate. Treatment with the anti-TNF-α antibody inhibited the histological signs associated with EHEC infection but did not prevent the colonization of EHEC or production of Shiga toxin (Stx). No clinical signs were observed and EHEC was completely eliminated in the mouse model receiving both anti-TNF-α antibody and LVFX. Anti-TNF-α antibody suppressed inflammatory cytokine response in the mouse kidney and brain by EHEC infection.     

小鼠桑椹胚简易玻璃化冷冻技术再探讨

本试验继小鼠扩张囊胚玻璃化冷冻保存成功后，在室温（２５℃）下利用不同浓度的ＥＦＳ玻璃化溶液，对小鼠的桑椹胚简易玻璃化冷冻技术进行再探讨。结果是胚胎在１０％ＥＧ溶液中预先处理５分钟，再移入事先配置好含有ＥＦＳ３０的０．２５ｍｌ塑料细管中１分钟平衡后直接投入液氮中冷冻，解冻后获得的发育率最高（９４％）。冻胚移植后妊娠率和产仔率分别为５６％（９／１６）及４２％（４９／１１６）。与对照组相比差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）     

猫松果腺提取物对小鼠免疫功能的影响

连续注射猫松果腺提取物（MSTQW），观察其对免疫缺陷小鼠免疫功能的影响，结果表明，MSTQW对免疫器官肝、脾、胸腺的增重作用明显（P＜0．01），能增强小鼠抗疲劳能力（P＜0.01)；淋巴细胞比例升高P＜0.01)。提示 出MSTQW对免疫缺陷小鼠的整体免疫功能具有显著的恢复作用。     

丝素降血糖效果的初步研究

以高血糖小白鼠为实验动物,测定了丝素粉、丝素溶液的降血糖效果。用等量丝素粉、丝素溶液及降血糖药剂盐酸二甲双胍片灌胃的高血糖小白鼠的餐后血糖值,在4周后分别下降了13.81%、16.33%、18.41%。与已经开发利用的化学降血糖药剂盐酸二甲双胍片相比,丝素降血糖的效果也比较明显。研究结果可为蚕丝资源的综合利用和开发人体降血糖保健食品提供试验数据。     

In quest of genomic treasure

It should be emphasized that “129” is not simply a number but is also the designation of a mouse strain that has made a great contribution to modern biological science and technology. Embryonic stem cells derived from 129 mice were essential components of gene-targeting strategies in early research. More recently, 129 mice have provided superior donor genomes for cloning by nuclear transfer. Some factor or factors conferring genomic plasticity must exist in the 129 genome, but these remain unidentified.