四倍体刺槐嫩枝插穗生根的解剖学观察

通过对四倍体刺槐嫩枝插穗扦插前和扦插后的切片观察,结果表明:(1)在插穗的切口处有愈伤组织,在愈伤组织内未发现产生根原基;(2)四倍体刺槐嫩枝茎内无潜伏根原基,不定根由诱生根原基发育形成,诱生根原基源于髓射线细胞的分裂和分化。     

Morphological variance and natural types' division of plus trees ofLarix principis-rupprechtii Mayr.

The phenotypic characteristics of the plus trees ofLarix principis-rupprechtii such as stem form, branch angle, branch/stem ratio, branch density, the crown width, crown length, number of short branch over 5-cm branch segment in length, and the leaf number of each short branch were investigated in seed orchard in the Changcheng Mountain, Shaanxi Province. According to the morphological characters, the plus tree clones ofLarix principis-rupprechtii were classified into 4 natural types: the narrow-dense-crown type, wide-dense-crown type, wide-sparse-crown type, and the narrow-sparse-crown type. The result of the cluster analysis showed there was a very significant difference in tree growth among the four natural types. While comparing the tree growth of four natural types for the last ten years, it was found that the performance order of various types from good to bad is as follows: the narrow-dense crown type > the wide-dense crown type > the wide-sparse crown type > the narrow-sparse crown type. The plus trees of narrow-dense-crown, as a fine type, should be paid great attention to production and prepared to popularize. Biography: ZHANG Xin-bo (1956-), male, Senior engineer of Shanxi Academy of Forestry Science and Northern Research Institute of Forestry of China, Taiyuan 030012, P. R. China Responsible editor: Chai Ruihai     

红脂大小蠹形态学特征及生物学特性研究

红脂大小蠹又名强大小蠹 (DendroctonusvalensLeConte) ,为国内新纪录种 ,是油松 (PinustabulaeformisCarr.)的毁灭性害虫 ,可导致几十年生的油松在较短期内死亡。越冬虫态以成虫和老熟幼虫为主 ,占 77 5 % ,2～ 3龄幼虫为辅 ,占 2 1 7% ,少数以蛹越冬 ,占 0 8%。其生活史以成虫越冬的 1a 1代 ,以老熟幼虫越冬的需跨年度才能完成 1个世代发育 ,以小幼虫越冬的需 3a完成 2代或 2a完成 1代。在种群密度较低时 ,危害生长衰弱的过火木、新伐倒木及新的伐桩 ,种群密度大时 ,能迅速入侵胸径≥ 10cm、树龄在 2 0a生以上的健康木。在郁闭度较低的油松林分中 ,红脂大小蠹的危害明显高于郁闭度高的林分     

特种用途皂荚优良无性系选择研究

为解决皂荚生产上存在的没有工业原料专用良种的问题,在枣庄、邹城、临沂等地现存的3万余株20~300年生皂荚大树中,筛选出优良单株4株,分别在山亭区、峄城区、滕州市、市中区等地进行生长量、产量、适应性、稳定性比较试验。综合分析,选择出工业原料用羊肠子、多刺速生、长荚、早丰等4个优良无性系,其产籽量超过对照48.3%~142.5%,其它指标优于对照。     

黑松引种试验研究

对引种的黑松进行了育苗和多点造林试验,从生长和抗逆性上进行了观测.苗期试验表明,黑松苗期在小陇山林区适应性强,苗期保存率高于油松,苗期生长表现与油松差异不显著,2年生苗木平均地径0.61 cm ,平均苗高16.30 cm.多点造林试验表明,黑松适应小陇山林区的气候、立地条件,抗鼠害能力比油松强,造林成活率和保存率比油松高,幼林生长表现与油松差异不显著.8年生黑松林分平均胸径3.20 cm,平均高2.98 m.引种获得成功,丰富了小陇山林区营造生态公益林的种质资源.     

7株牛源A型巴氏杆菌的分离鉴定及耐药性分析

对2014年沈阳地区患有呼吸系统疾病的育肥牛场进行病原分离,得到7株分离菌,对其进行培养形态及染色观察、病理组织切片观察、动物致病性观察及16S序列分析,初步鉴定为牛多杀性巴氏杆菌(Pm)。利用Pm种特异性引物及荚膜血清特异性引物进行PCR扩增,均得到目的基因条带。对分离菌进行药敏试验的结果显示,5株分离菌株已对阿米卡星、新诺明产生较强耐药性;7株分离菌均对氟苯尼考、恩诺沙星、四环素及氨苄西林敏感。由此确定,分离菌株均为牛荚膜A型巴氏杆菌,且已具有一定耐药性。     

干旱胁迫对玉米雄穗发育特征及产量的影响

【目的】探究干旱胁迫对玉米雄穗发育特征及产量的影响,以期为中国东北地区玉米种植抗旱保产提供一定理论基础。【方法】采用盆栽试验,设置原土处理和添加土壤改良剂处理,并于玉米大喇叭口期至吐丝期进行不同程度的干旱胁迫：正常供水、轻度干旱胁迫、中度干旱胁迫和重度干旱胁迫,研究不同程度干旱胁迫对玉米的抽雄吐丝间隔、雄穗形态特征、生理指标以及产量的影响。【结果】干旱胁迫导致玉米雌穗吐丝时间延后,雌、雄穗开花吐丝不同步,且在重度干旱胁迫时达到最大值,其中原土处理较CK延长了6.33 d,添加土壤改良剂处理延长了4.67 d;不同程度干旱胁迫会导致玉米雄穗变小、主轴缩短,轻度干旱胁迫有利于雄穗积累干物质,原土处理和添加土壤改良剂处理的雄穗干物质分别比CK增加了5.18%和14.87%;干旱胁迫会促使雄穗分泌抗氧化系统酶以及渗透调节物质抵御逆境伤害,但重度干旱胁迫时雄穗内部产生过多丙二醛(MDA)以及有害物质,会导致抗氧化系统酶活性有所降低;干旱胁迫会造成玉米产量严重下降,重度干旱胁迫时原土处理的产量与CK相比下降了62.39%,添加土壤改良剂处理的产量则下降了57.77%。【结论】干旱胁迫会对玉米雄穗发...     

陕西榆林山药根腐病病原菌的分离与鉴定

旨在明确引起陕西省榆林市山药根腐病的致病菌,为该地区山药根腐病的防治提供参考。以受害山药块茎和根际土壤为试验材料,通过组织分离法获得纯培养,结合柯赫氏法则、形态学鉴定、ITS区序列分子生物学鉴定,以及构建系统发育树和序列比对的方法,明确山药根腐病的致病菌。结果表明,引起陕西榆林山药根腐病的病原菌为棕黑腐质霉、燕麦镰孢和尖孢镰孢。陕西榆林山药根腐病由腐质霉属和镰孢属两个属的3种病原菌引起,棕黑腐质霉是首次报道危害山药,镰孢属真菌是该地区山药根腐病的主要致病菌。     

Effect of simulated transport stress on the rat small intestine: A morphological and gene expression study

The present study investigated the effects of simulated transport stress on morphology and gene expression in the small intestine of laboratory rats. Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to 35 °C and 0.1×g on a constant temperature shaker for physiological, biochemical, morphological and microarray analysis before and after treatment. The treatment induced obvious stress responses with significant decreases in body weight (P < 0.01), increases in rectal temperature, serum corticosterone (CORT), serum glucose (GLU), creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels (P < 0.01), as well as expression of Hsp27/70/90 mRNA (P < 0.05; P < 0.01). The rat jejunum was severely damaged and apoptotic after mimicking transport stress, which may mainly be related to cell death, oxidation reduction and hormone imbalance determined by microarray analysis. The bioinformatics analysis from the present study would provide insight into the potential mechanisms underlying transport stress-induced injury in the rat small intestine.     

两色绿刺蛾观察及防治试验

本文对两色绿刺蛾幼虫的形态特征和生活习性进行了一般的观察,并使用白僵菌粉炮和1.2%苦参·烟碱烟剂进行了防治试验。结果表明,白僵菌防治两色绿刺蛾效果明显,能有效控制该虫的危害。