断流34年后塔里木河干流景观现状分析

以塔里木河干流为研究靶区,利用2006年CBERS-1影像,从景观格局指数及斑块等级方面为切入点,对研究区景观做出最新判断.结果表明:从1972年塔里木河下游断流以来,不仅使下游生态环境恶化,而且间接地影响了中、上游植被情况.虽然放水后整个干流植被在一定程度上已有所改善,截止2006年年底,仍然以低质植被支撑着整个生态系统,斑块等级极化现象严重.从各景观类型面积变化率来看,上游到下游农田面积大幅度增加.从景观类型生态作用来看,植被在生态正效益方面具有明显优势,而农用地对生态具有负效益.     

人工合成小麦新种质抗条锈性鉴定与Yr18基因检测

对97份来自CIMMYT的人工合成小麦新种质进行了主要农艺性状考察、Yr18分子检测和成株期田间抗锈性接种鉴定。结果表明:参鉴种质间主要农艺性状变异程度较大,尤其千粒重普遍偏高,有30份材料千粒重达50 g以上、占30.9%;利用csLV34标记检测到合成20和合成43携带Yr18,占2.1%;鉴选出成株期呈抗性反应的材料30份、占30.9%,高度慢条锈材料19份、占19.6%,其中合成2、5、14、60、75、76、78、82、83、84计10个合成种同时表现高抗和高度慢锈。这些大粒、抗条锈或慢条锈合成小麦种质的鉴定筛选,为选育小麦新品种提供了优异资源。     

中国小麦条锈菌条中34号的发现及其致病特性

小麦条锈菌贵农22致病类型9(简称G22-9)2009年首次在四川省仪陇县的小麦品种川麦42上检测到,目前已扩展至全国9省65县(市、区)。其出现频率从2009年的0.11%逐年上升至2015年的10.56%。从其毒性基因谱、对生产品种的致病性以及近年来的出现频率和分布范围衡量,预测其在今后一段时间内将成为我国小麦条锈菌的主要优势小种。2016年经全国小麦锈病和白粉病研究协作组会商决定,将G22-9致病类型正式命名为条中34号。条中34号小种的出现和近年来的持续发展对我国小麦条锈病的发生流行以及抗病育种产生重要影响,对小麦安全生产构成一定威胁。今后应加强对该小种动态监测和抗病育种的预见性,及早调整品种布局,采取作物结构调整和药剂包衣(或拌种)等预防与控制措施,降低病害流行风险,保障小麦生产安全。     

晋谷34号丰产性 稳产性 适应性及营养品质分析

采用1998～2000年国家西北七省区（晚熟区）联合区域试验结果,对晋谷34号和对照品种（晋谷16号）的丰产性、稳定性、适应性及营养品质进行了比较和分析。结果表明：晋谷34号具有优质、高产、抗病、绿叶成熟和适应性广的特点,其丰产性、稳定性和适应性优于对照品种。该品种品质优良,为国家一级优质米,是比较理想的高产谷子新品种。2004年被山西省种子管理站定为山西省谷子中晚熟区区试的对照品种。     

黄花苜蓿MfNAC 95基因鉴定及其应答盐胁迫的表达分析

植物特有的NAC转录因子参与植物生长发育和逆境适应的过程,为了探究NAC蛋白的功能,以黄花苜蓿为材料,基于盐胁迫条件下根部转录组数据分析,获得了1个全长为696bp的NAC转录因子基因,命名为MfNAC 95,其编码231个氨基酸的蛋白质,分子量(Mw)为26.21 kD,理论等电点(pI)为7.83。MfNAC 95在黄花苜蓿的根、茎和叶中均有表达,但在根中的表达量显著高于在茎和叶中的表达量,且盐胁迫均可上调其在根、茎和叶中的表达,但上调表达的模式不同,表明MfNAC 95参与黄花苜蓿响应盐胁迫的过程,为揭示MfNAC 95在黄花苜蓿应答盐胁迫过程的分子机制提供了重要信息。     

小麦新品种豫麦34号的选育及栽培要点

豫麦３４号小麦新品种是１９８２年选配杂交组合，经多年系谱选育而成。其主要特点是高产稳产、优质抗病、抗逆性强、晚播早熟，为水稻、棉花、甘薯等中晚茬作物最佳配套品种；高产的关键是保证多穗、力争粒多、粒重。     

Partitioning of Newly Absorbed and Previously Stored Nitrogen and Sulfur Under Sulfate Deficient Nutrition

Sulfur (S) deficiency effects on nitrogen (N) and S fluxes during vegetative growth of Brassica napus was investigated by tracing ¹⁵N and ³⁴S for 9 d of S-sufficient [1.5 mM sulfate (SO₄^2-)] and S-deficient (0.05 mM SO₄^2-) condition. A significant decrease in leaf osmotic potential and chlorophyll content was apparent after 9 d of S-deficiency. Sulfur uptake during 9 d was remarkably decreased by 94.3% by S-deficiency, whereas no significant change occurred for N uptake. The N and S deriving from uptake were mainly allocated to the leaves in control plants, but the S flow into leaves was largely restricted under S-deficient condition. The remobilization of stored N and S were mainly issued only from leaves in control plants, while from leaves and petiole in S-deficient ones. The remobilization of N and S mainly issued from leaves flows into the roots both in control and S-deficient plants.     

小麦条锈病菌新菌系G22-9(CYR34)和G22-14流行趋势预测

为预测小麦条锈病菌新菌系G22-9(CYR34)和G22-14的未来流行趋势,科学指导小麦抗病育种及条锈病治理,采用常规鉴定法于2009—2016年对甘肃省2 330份小麦条锈病菌标样进行了生理小种鉴定及消长动态监测,并对G22-9(CYR34)和G22-14的致病性及寄生适合度进行了测定。结果发现:新菌系G22-9(CYR34)和G22-14在甘肃省的出现频率加快,已从2009年的0分别上升到2016年的34.85%和6.43%,其中G22-9(CYR34)已发展为甘肃省第1位流行生理小种。与主流生理小种CYR32和CYR33相比较,G22-9(CYR34)和G22-14具有毒性谱宽、致病力强、寄生适合度高、哺育品种多等特点。建议在甘肃省特别是小麦条锈病常发易变区的陇南麦区,针对新菌系的出现,及时调整小麦品种布局及育种目标,以持续控制条锈病的发生流行。     

Effects of resveratrol on viability,invasion and autophagy of osteosarcoma MG-63 cells by up-regulating miR-34a

AIM: To investigate the effects of resveratrol on the viability, invasion and autophagy of osteosarcoma MG-63 cells and the regulatory effect of microRNA-34a (miR-34a). METHODS: MG-63 cells were divided into 6 groups:control group and resveratrol treatment groups at doses of 10, 20, 40, 60 and 80 μmol/L. MTT assay, Transwell chamber method and Western blot were used to detect the effects of resveratrol on the viability, invasion ability and expression of autophagy-related proteins in the osteosarcoma cells. The effect of resveratrol at different concentrations on the expression of miR-34a in the osteosarcoma cells was detected by RT-qPCR. The effects of miR-34a mimic and miR-34a mimic negative control (miR-34a NC) transfection on the viability and invasion ability of osteosarcoma cells after treated with resveratrol at different concentrations were analyzed. The effects of miR-34a mimic transfection on autophagy-related proteins LC3-I, LC3-Ⅱ and beclin-1 were determined by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with control group, resveratrol inhibited the viability and invasion ability of the MG-63 cells and promoted autophagy (P<0.05). Resveratrol up-regulated the expression of miR-34a in the MG-63 cells in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). In addition, the ratio of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-I was increased, and beclin-1 was up-regulated (P<0.05). Co-treatment with miR-34a mimic and resveratrol increased inhibitory effects of resveratrol on the viability and invasion ability and invasion of the MG-63 cells and also promoted autophagy. CONCLUSION: Resveratrol inhibits the viability and invasion of osteosarcoma MG-63 cells and promotes auto-phagy by up-regulating miR-34a expression.     

不同年龄马睾丸组织中miRNA-34家族含量的变化

为研究microRNA(miRNA)-34家族在马不同发育阶段睾丸组织内的表达规律,应用实时荧光定量PCR方法,以GAPDH作为内参基因,分别对miRNA-34家族(miRNA-34a、miRNA-34b和miRNA-34c)在3个发育阶段哈萨克马睾丸组织表达情况进行检测。结果表明miRNA-34a在马睾丸发育过程中表达量较为稳定,在不同发育阶段睾丸组织内无显著差异(P0.05)。miRNA-34b和miRNA-34c在马驹和周岁马睾丸组织中的表达量较低,在这两个年龄段表达量无显著差异(P0.05)。而在成年马阶段出现明显上升,成年马miRNA-34b和miRNA-34c表达量与马驹和周岁马表达量有极显著的差异(P0.01)。位于同一基因簇上的miRNA-34b和miRNA-34c具有极为类似的表达模式和结构,分析认为马的miRNA-34b和miRNA-34c也具有冗余功能。