布鲁氏菌弱毒疫苗粘膜免疫及检测方法的研究

为研究布鲁氏菌弱毒疫苗粘膜免疫及其检测方法,本实验采用粘膜点眼途径对健康母羊接种布鲁氏杆菌猪2号疫苗(S2)、牛19号疫苗(A19)和羊强毒株(M16),筛选布鲁氏杆菌病鉴别检测方法。将12月龄～14月龄母羊60只随机分为3组,以常规疫苗推荐剂量进行半量粘膜点眼接种。采集血液、淋巴、脏器进行布鲁氏菌病血清学检测和细菌学分离以及PCR检测。结果表明:布鲁氏菌弱毒疫苗抗体水平持续6个月,其中血清学的试管凝集试验、半胱氨酸凝集试验与补体结合试验的阳性符合率达到100%。细菌分离期为6个月,乳腺、乳腺淋巴、髂淋巴分离率较高;而强毒株M16的抗体水平和细菌分离持续12个月以上。结果显示以常规血清学和细菌学检测方法在点眼免疫布鲁氏菌S2、A19苗6个月后可以进行野毒感染和疫苗免疫畜的鉴别诊断。     

传染性法氏囊病病毒VP2与C3d串联基因重组表达质粒的构建及其免疫功能研究

为提高传染性法氏囊病病毒(IBDV)VP2基因核酸疫苗的免疫效力,本研究根据已发表的鸡源补体C3d序列,设计并合成在5’端添加编码连接肽(Gly4Ser)2序列的C3d基因。用同尾酶BglⅡ和BamHⅠ构建含有3拷贝C3d与VP2基因融合的重组表达质粒pcDNA-VP2-3C3d。用脂质体法转染BHK21细胞,48 h后,westernblot分析表明,表达的重组蛋白为162 ku;间接免疫荧光试验检测转染细胞中具有特异性荧光。用pcDNA-VP2-3C3d与前期构建的pcDNA-VP2分别免疫2周龄SPF鸡,二免14 d后,间接ELISA法检测IBDV抗体效价,pcDNA-VP2-3C3d组抗体水平显著高于pcDNA-VP2组;MTT法检测鸡脾淋巴细胞增殖活性,pcDNA-VP2-3C3d组免疫诱导的特异性淋巴细胞增殖活性显著高于pcDNA-VP2组(p<0.05)。本研究表明C3d可以增强VP2基因免疫诱导的IBDV特异性体液和细胞免疫应答。     

副猪嗜血杆菌研究进展

近年来 ,国内外许多猪场出现了一种以多发性浆膜炎和关节炎及高死亡率为特征 ,严重危害仔猪和青年猪的传染病。经细菌分离培养、生化鉴定和分子生物学试验证明 ,该传染病主要是由副猪嗜血杆菌所引起。为了更加全面地认识该病原体 ,文章对其流性病学、理化特性、分子生物学、诊断及防制作了较为全面的概述。     

疫苗气溶胶免疫技术的研究进展

气溶胶免疫是一种潜在的替代传统注射免疫的新方法,围绕气溶胶免疫的特征、机理、实施方法、影响因素、应用情况及前景作以综述,以期为人类和动物新型疫苗研制及免疫技术创新提供信息与参考。     

Associations between green space,air pollution and birthweight in Sydney Metropolitan Area,Australia

Growing number of evidence have reported that exposure to air pollution was associated with unfavourable birth outcomes while increased exposure to green spaces was associated with better birth outcomes. However, the effect of interactions between air pollution and green spaces on pregnancy outcomes remain unclear. Using the data on all the live births recorded in Sydney between 2016 January and 2017 December, we built up multilevel linear and logistic regression models with random intercepts for statistical area level 2 (SA2) to examine the association between residential levels of air pollution (NO2, PM2.5, SO2 and O3) and pregnancy outcomes including birthweight, low birthweight, and preterm birth. This was followed by assessment of potential effect modification by green space quantity by fitting 2-way interaction term between each air pollutants and green space quantity separately. Furthermore, building on the 2-way interaction term, we explored 3-way interactions by adding area level socio-economic status and population density. Higher levels of PM2.5, NO2 and SO2 were statistically significantly associated with decrease in birthweights (p < 0.05) in the adjusted models. We observed statistically significantly association between the lower risks of preterm birth and higher levels of NO2 in the adjusted models (p < 0.05). However, none of the other air pollutants were statistically significantly associated with the odds of low birthweight and preterm birth. In the adjusted models, green space quantity was statistically significantly associated with reduced odds of preterm birth (p < 0.05). The results for birthweights were in the same direction (p < 0.05) however, some of these associations did not remain statistically significant after adjusting the models for air pollution. In general, no associations were found for low birthweight. Statistically significant 2-way interactions between green space quantity and NO2, PM2.5 and SO2 levels indicated that association between moderate levels of NO2, PM2.5 and birthweight weakened in the greener areas (>20 %) especially in the affluent and densely populated areas while the effect of SO2 did not differ consistently across green space levels with benefit of exposure to the greenest areas (>40 %) was evident, yet not statistically significant. Our findings suggest that increasing green spaces in cities may help supporting a healthy start in life by decreasing harms of moderate levels of air pollution. Replication in different contexts and consideration of potentially contrasting results with different types of green space is warranted.