一种免疫增强剂对新-流二联灭活苗抗体消长规律的影响

免疫增强剂是一种能增加疫苗免疫效果的生物活性物质。试验A组为添加了免疫增强剂的新城疫、禽流感(H9亚型)二联灭活疫苗(La Sota株+HP株),试验B组为未添加免疫增强剂的新城疫、禽流感(H9亚型)二联灭活疫苗(La Sota株+HP株),分别比较A组与B组的抗体水平。试验结果表明:7日龄SPF鸡A组抗体与B组抗体无差异;在28日龄SPF鸡上:免后10、15、21、28、35 d,ND部分A组抗体比B组分别高0.2log2、0.6log2、1.5log2、0.9log2、0.5log2,AI部分抗体高出0.1log2、0.3log2、1.2log2、1.0log2、0.6log2;在7日龄商品蛋鸡上A组抗体比B组抗体在免后15、21、28、35 d,ND部分抗体高出1.6log2、2.0log2、1.9log2、3.7log2,AI部分分别高1.3log2、2.7log2、1.8log2、2.0log2。     

旋毛虫肌幼虫ES Ag单克隆抗体的制备与特性鉴定

目的获得能够用于制备旋毛虫病快速检测试纸条的EsAg的单克隆抗体。方法应用旋毛虫肌幼虫排泄分泌抗原（ESAg）免疫诱导Balb／c小鼠,使小鼠产生较强的免疫应答,将免疫小鼠的脾细胞与NS0瘤细胞融合,利用Es45、ES49抗原通过间接ELISA对大量杂交瘤细胞培养上清的筛选,筛选出分泌高亲和力单克隆抗体的4株杂交瘤细胞。结果ES45和ES49（分子质量分别为45ku,49ku）分别被Ts-2D4、Ts-4C5和Ts-4H6、Ts-2G8单克隆抗体识别,与猪肺丝虫（Metastrongylus pudendotectus．MP）、囊虫（Cysticercus cellulosae,CC）、细颈囊尾蚴（Cysticercus tenuicollis,CT）、蛔虫（Ascaris suum,AS）、弓形虫（Toxoplasma gondii,TG）、住肉孢子虫（Sarcocystis miescheriana,SM）抗原反应测试表明,4株单抗与参试抗原均无交叉反应,所有单抗上清ELISA平均效价为1：1120,腹水ELISA平均效价为1．1×10^6,亲和力常数的平均值为6．12×10^9 L／mol。以金标免疫吸附试纸条原理为基础,利用制备的单抗成功研制了旋毛虫病快速检测试纸务,操作快速、无需设备及试剂,可以作为旋毛虫病的实时监测工具。结论ESAg单抗用于制备旋毛虫病快速诊断试纸条是理想的试剂。     

抗犬瘟热病毒重组核衣壳蛋白单克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

以纯化的重组犬瘟热病毒(CDV)N蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,应用常规杂交瘤技术获得两株能稳定分泌特异性单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞系,分别命名为A_4C_6C_(12)和A_5B_8H_7。间接ELISA检测腹水效价分别为1:10~6、1:10~5;亚类鉴定结果分别为IgG2a、IgG2b,轻链均为κ型;Western blot和ELISA分析结果显示2株单克隆抗体均能与重组N蛋白和CDV发生反应,而与犬细小病毒及犬腺病毒等无交叉反应;ELISA叠加试验的增值结果表明两株单克隆抗体识别的抗原位点不同。特异性抗CDV-rN的单克隆抗体的获得,为进一步用于临床诊断研究奠定了基础。     

口蹄疫病毒特异性抗体间接ELISA检测方法的建立

以Chap10-VP1融合蛋白为包被抗原。建立了检测口蹄疫病毒特异性抗的间接ELISA方法。抗原包被浓度为50μg／L时。血清最佳稀释度为1：400，病毒与阳性血清的反应可被Chap10-VP1蛋白阻断，检测的灵敏度为1：1600。     

H5N1亚型禽流感病毒血凝素蛋白单克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

为制备抗H5N1禽流感病毒(AIV)的单克隆抗体(MAb),本研究以灭活的H5N1亚型A/Chickeen/Guangdong/S2261/2009(H5N1GD261)株免疫4周龄～6周龄BALB/c雌鼠,取其脾细胞与骨髓瘤细胞SP2/0进行融合,经间接ELISA及HI筛选获得了3株能稳定分泌抗HA的MAb杂交瘤细胞,分别命名为1A4、2F5和3D3.MAb亚类鉴定表明,2F5为IgM类,其它为IgG2a亚类,轻链均为k链.经血凝抑制检测,3株MAb均能与H5亚型的AIV结合,并具有较好的型广谱性.     

猪表皮生长因子间接竞争ELISA检测方法的建立

为建立酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测猪血清或尿液中猪表皮生长因子(porcinee pidermal growth factor,pEGF)的含量,以pEGF为包被原,人表皮生长因子(hu-mane pidermal growth factor,hEGF)为竞争抗原,两者与一定量的抗pEGF多抗反应。结果表明,理想的包被抗原浓度为0.625μg/mL,抗pEGF工作浓度为1∶64000,酶标二抗工作浓度为1∶20000,可检测的最适范围为0.4ng/mL~32ng/mL,最低检测限为1ng/mL,批内和批间变异系数分别为3.50%和5.22%。得到回归方程y=-34.53x 76.06(R2=0.993)和标准曲线,从而建立了快速定量测定pEGF含量的酶联免疫吸附试验方法。     

噬菌体的跨黏膜转位以及噬菌体对机体免疫影响的研究进展

人与动物的微生物群落在黏膜器官分布最多。近年来的研究表明,噬菌体可黏附于黏膜表面从而抵抗病原菌的侵袭;同时,噬菌体还可跨黏膜转位进入机体,并随血液迁移至其他部位的组织器官,进一步引起机体的免疫反应,包括促炎和抗炎反应,从而对机体整体免疫产生影响。机体免疫系统可通过吞噬作用或产生特异性抗体来清除这些进入体内的噬菌体。目前,关于噬菌体转位及进入机体后与免疫系统互作的研究还比较缺乏。本文综述了近些年噬菌体黏附于黏膜并跨黏膜转位进入循环系统以及噬菌体进入机体后对整体免疫影响的研究进展,以期为今后更广泛深入地研究提供参考。     

禽腺病毒血清4型Fiber2蛋白单克隆抗体制备及其抗原表位鉴定

旨在制备禽腺病毒血清4型（FAdV-4）纤突蛋白（Fiber2）的特异性单克隆抗体（MAb）,本研究将原核表达的可溶性重组蛋白NusA-Fiber2作为免疫原免疫BALB/c雌鼠,筛选获得3株能稳定分泌抗FAdV-4 Fiber2蛋白MAb的杂交瘤细胞株2G5、2G8、4C2,取细胞株2G5制备腹水并纯化,利用间接免疫荧光试验（immunofluorescence assay,IFA）和Western blot鉴定该单抗的特异性。用制备的单抗包被酶标板,通过一系列的优化,建立了FAdV-4 Fiber2双抗夹心ELISA检测方法。通过逐步截短分析鉴定出单克隆抗体识别的抗原表位区域。结果表明：成功获取3株单克隆细胞株2G5、2G8、4C2。MAb 2G5可与原核表达纯化的Fiber2蛋白及FAdV-4特异性反应。建立的双抗夹心ELISA检测方法具有很好的特异性、灵敏性和重复性。该MAb识别的表位序列是N端aa1—33。本研究成功制备了具有良好Western blot和IFA反应原性的单克隆抗体,为Fiber2蛋白功能研究和FAdV-4新型表位疫苗商品化研发奠定了基础。     

肠炎沙门菌非编码小RNA RyhB调控SopE蛋白的表达研究

为研究肠炎沙门菌(SE)50336非编码小RNA(RyhB-1、RyhB-2)对毒力蛋白SopE的调控作用,利用pET原核表达系统表达SE50336 SopE蛋白,免疫BALB/c小鼠获得SopE蛋白的特异性多克隆抗体(多抗)并分析制备血清的特异性。通过Western-blot检测野生株SE50336、RyhB单缺失株(SE50336 ΔryhB-1、SE50336 ΔryhB-2),以及RyhB双缺失株(SE50336 ΔryhB-1ΔryhB-2)中SopE蛋白的表达水平,分析RyhB对SopE的调控作用。结果显示:成功构建重组质粒pET28a-sopE,转化BL21(DE3)感受态细胞后,在IPTG 0.3 mmol/L、温度37℃、转速220 r/min、诱导时间4 h的条件下,SopE蛋白在包涵体中表达;Western-blot结果显示制备的多抗可特异性检测肠炎沙门菌SopE蛋白;与野生株相比,RyhB单缺失株SopE蛋白表达量下降,双缺失株下降更明显,表明RyhB-1和RyhB-2均可上调SopE蛋白的表达。以上结果为进一步研究RyhB-1和RyhB-2对SopE的调控作用机制奠定基础。     

Associations between green space,air pollution and birthweight in Sydney Metropolitan Area,Australia

Growing number of evidence have reported that exposure to air pollution was associated with unfavourable birth outcomes while increased exposure to green spaces was associated with better birth outcomes. However, the effect of interactions between air pollution and green spaces on pregnancy outcomes remain unclear. Using the data on all the live births recorded in Sydney between 2016 January and 2017 December, we built up multilevel linear and logistic regression models with random intercepts for statistical area level 2 (SA2) to examine the association between residential levels of air pollution (NO2, PM2.5, SO2 and O3) and pregnancy outcomes including birthweight, low birthweight, and preterm birth. This was followed by assessment of potential effect modification by green space quantity by fitting 2-way interaction term between each air pollutants and green space quantity separately. Furthermore, building on the 2-way interaction term, we explored 3-way interactions by adding area level socio-economic status and population density. Higher levels of PM2.5, NO2 and SO2 were statistically significantly associated with decrease in birthweights (p < 0.05) in the adjusted models. We observed statistically significantly association between the lower risks of preterm birth and higher levels of NO2 in the adjusted models (p < 0.05). However, none of the other air pollutants were statistically significantly associated with the odds of low birthweight and preterm birth. In the adjusted models, green space quantity was statistically significantly associated with reduced odds of preterm birth (p < 0.05). The results for birthweights were in the same direction (p < 0.05) however, some of these associations did not remain statistically significant after adjusting the models for air pollution. In general, no associations were found for low birthweight. Statistically significant 2-way interactions between green space quantity and NO2, PM2.5 and SO2 levels indicated that association between moderate levels of NO2, PM2.5 and birthweight weakened in the greener areas (>20 %) especially in the affluent and densely populated areas while the effect of SO2 did not differ consistently across green space levels with benefit of exposure to the greenest areas (>40 %) was evident, yet not statistically significant. Our findings suggest that increasing green spaces in cities may help supporting a healthy start in life by decreasing harms of moderate levels of air pollution. Replication in different contexts and consideration of potentially contrasting results with different types of green space is warranted.