Effect of gold nanoparticles on reversing adriamycin resistance of human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2/ADM cells

AIM: To investigate whether gold nanoparticles (GNPs) reverses adriamycin (ADM), resistance of human hepatocellular carcinoma drug-resistant cell line HepG2/ADM and to explore the potential mechanism. METHODS: The sensitivities of HepG2 cells and HepG2/ADM cells to ADM were tested by MTT assay before and after GNPs pretreatment. The apoptotic rate was examined by flow cytometry. The concentration of ADM in HepG2/ADM or HepG2 cells was determined by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. The content of glutathione (GSH) in HepG2/ADM or HepG2 cells by DTNB method. RESULTS: The half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC₅₀) of ADM for HepG2/ADM cells were(29.46±1.73) mg/L and (15.18±0.85) mg/L before and after GNPs pretreatment,respectively. The IC₅₀ of ADM for HepG2 cells was (9.16±2.03) mg/L before pretreatment. The apoptotic rate in GNPs+ADM group was higher than that in ADM group (P<0.05). The concentration of ADM in HepG2/ADM group was lower than that in HepG2 group (P<0.01). After GNPs pretreatment, the concentration of ADM in HepG2/ADM cells was higher than that before pretreatment. The content of GSH in HepG2/ADM group was higher than that in HepG2 group (P<0.01). After GNPs pretreatment, the content of GSH in the HepG2/ADM cells was lower than that before pretreatment. CONCLUSION: Gold nanoparticles can reverse ADM resistance of human hepatocellular carcinoma drug-resistant cell line HepG2/ADM, reduce the content of GSH and increase the concentration of ADM in HepG2/ADM cells.     

Down-regulated BARF1 expression induces EBV-positive gastric carcinoma cell apoptosis via activating caspase-dependent mitochondrial pathway

AIM: To investigate the effects of BARF1 down-regulation on EBV-positive gastric carcinoma cell apoptosis, and the molecular mechanisms by BARF1 silencing-mediated apoptosis. METHODS: After NUGC3 and SNU719 cells were transfected with NCsiRNA and siRNA, respectively, the protein levels of BARF1, Bcl-2, Bax, cytochrome C, caspase 3 and capase 9 were detected by Western blot, and the mRNA expression of BARF1, Bcl-2 and Bax was determined by RT-PCR. The cell viability was measured by the method of Trypan blue exclusion and the cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry analysis with Annexin V-FITC/PI staining. The expression of the apoptosis-related proteins in the cells transfected with siRNA and NCsiRNA was examined by human apoptosis antibody arrays. Mitochondrial membrane potential was determined by flow cytometry. The interaction between Apaf-1 and caspase 9 was confirmed by immunoprecipitation. RESULTS: Compared with untreated and NCsiRNA groups, BARF1 gene silencing significantly inhibited the cell viability, induced apoptosis, and reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential in the NUGC3 and SNU719 cells transfected with siRNA. BARF1 gene silencing up-regulated the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins and down-regulated the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins, and the Bcl-2/Bax ratio was significantly decreased. In BARF1 gene silencing cells, the caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk inhibited BARF1 silencing-mediated apoptosis, and significantly increased the levels of cleaved caspase 3 and caspase 9. The concentration of cytochrome C significantly increased as compared with NCsiRNA group, and Apaf-1 interacted with caspase 9 in the cytoplasm. CONCLUSION: BARF1 silencing induces apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway through regulating the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins in a caspase-dependent manner in the NUGC3 and SNU719 cells.     

Interaction of polymorphisms of ICAM-1 gene K469E and MCP-1 gene -2518A/G in invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma

AIM: To investigate the interaction of polymorphisms of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) gene K469E and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) gene -2518A/G in the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma. METHODS: Based on TNM classification, 4 500 patients with confirmed gastric carcinoma from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University in China from December 2009 to November 2014 were divided into stageⅠ group, stage Ⅱgroup, stage Ⅲ group, stage Ⅳ group, and stage 0 group, with 900 cases in each group. No significant difference among the 5 groups in age, gender, ethnicity, birthplace and living habit was observed. The genetic polymorphisms of ICAM-1 gene K469E and MCP-1 gene -2518A/G were analyzed by the technique of polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in peripheral blood leukocytes of above-mentioned cases. RESULTS: Statistical tests showed signi-ficant differences in the frequencies of K469E (EE) and -2518A/G (GG) among each group (P<0.01). The risk of the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma significantly increased in subjects with K469E (EE) genotype and in those with -2518A/G (GG) genotype. Combined analysis of the polymorphisms showed that distribution frequency of K469E (EE)/-2518A/G (GG) in stage Ⅰ group, stage Ⅱ group, stage Ⅲ group, stage Ⅳ group and stage 0 group was 39.22%, 53.22%, 59.22, 65.44% and 12.11%, respectively (P<0.01). The people who carried with K469E (EE)/-2518A/G (GG) had a high risk of the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma, and statistical analysis suggested a positive interaction in a super-multiplicative model between K469E (EE) and -2518A/G (GG) in increasing the risk of the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma. CONCLUSION: ICAM-1 gene K469E (EE) and MCP-1 gene -2518A/G (GG) are the risk factors in the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma, and significant interactions between genetic polymorphisms of K469E and -2518A/G added the risk of the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma.     

黑白花奶牛初乳中G6PDH GOT与乳腺分泌机能关系的研究

本文研究黑白花奶牛初乳中葡萄糖-β-磷酸脱氢酶(G6PDH),谷草转氨酶(GOT)、三氮醋酸沉淀蛋白(TCA-P)的动态变化,以及G6PDH,GOT与乳腺分泌机能的关系。结果表明:G6PDH,GOT,TCA-P在初乳7天的分泌模式为y=Ax~(-b)。初乳中每次挤奶乳样的G6PDH总量的7天平均值与日产乳量(3个月平均)存在显著正相关(r=0.7163,n=14,P<0.01);G6PDH与TCA-P的相关系数为r=0.7183(n=35).GOT与TCA-P的相关系数为r=0.8642(n=35)。本研究认为,黑白花奶牛初乳中的G6PDH、GOT活性可反映乳腺在初乳阶段的分泌机能,并可作为预测乳产量的指标。     

nm23基因的表达与皮肤鳞癌发生、发展及转移的关系

目的：观察nm23表达与皮肤鳞状细胞癌(鳞癌)发生、发展与转移的关系。方法；采用免疫组织化学及图像分析技术检测66例皮肤鳞癌、12例淋巴结转移灶、21例假上皮瘤样增生及20例正常皮肤中nm23表达情况。结果：皮肤鳞癌中nm23表达下调，但鳞癌中nm23表达与鳞癌的转移、TNM分期、病理分化程度及发病部位无关。结论：nm23基因表达下调是发生在鳞癌演进过程中的一个早期事件。nm23可能不具有抑制皮肤鳞癌转移的功能。     

羊乳腺上皮细胞的形态观察

用组织块培养法获得山羊乳腺细胞原代培养物,并根据山羊乳腺成纤维细胞与上皮细胞对胰蛋白酶的敏感性不同将二者分离纯化。对细胞形态进行光镜观察发现:纯化的山羊乳腺上皮细胞传代至第15代时其生长仍正常。山羊乳腺上皮细胞含不同的细胞类型,大多数上皮细胞呈短梭形或多角形,呈蜂窝状;部分细胞呈圆饼状,体积较大;部分细胞呈长形。纯化的乳腺上皮细胞增殖可形成圆顶型结构,呈乳头状,称之为乳球体。     

乳腺癌术前灌注化疗与肿瘤供血的研究

本文对６例乳腺癌的肿瘤血供研究发现主要供血动脉是胸廓外侧动脉，而非肩胛下动脉和胸廓内动脉。提出行动脉灌注化疗时，不宜只行胸廓内动脉灌注，而应扩大范围，包括上述三支动脉。同时对６例乳腺癌术前灌注化疗的效果作了观察。     

干细胞及其在人类医学上的应用前景

干细胞是指从胚胎、胎儿或成年个体各种组织中分离出来的多能性细胞 ,具有体外保持未分化状态的无限增殖能力 ,在不同条件下可诱导分化为不同的细胞类型、组织甚至器官。胚胎癌细胞、胚胎干细胞、胚胎生殖细胞和成年组织干细胞是目前研究的几类主要干细胞 ,它们除作为发育生物学研究的细胞模型外 ,在人类医学领域也具有潜在的应用价值     

MDM2和p53在大肠癌组织中的表达及其意义

目的：探讨抑癌基因mdm2、p53在大肠癌组织中表达情况及与临床病理之间的关系。方法：采用免疫组化SABC法检测大肠癌79例,大肠腺瘤样息肉34例,正常大肠粘膜组织15例中MDM2、p53的表达。结果：MDM2在正常大肠组织、大肠腺瘤、大肠癌中表达阳性率分别为6.67%（1/15）、41.18%（14/34）、63.29%（50/79）;p53阳性率分别为0、35.29%（12/34）、67.09%（53/79）。MDM2、p53在正常组织、大肠腺瘤、大肠癌组织中表达率逐渐增加（P〈0.01）,两者与DukesC期、D期及远处转移相关,与年龄、性别及组织细胞分化程度无关。MDM2与p53表达之间呈正相关。结论：MDM2、p53高表达与大肠癌的发生、发展和预后相关。     

低分化鼻咽癌细胞系(CNE—2Z)及其21个单克隆株的癌细胞电泳分析

利用细胞电泳技术对低分化鼻咽癌细胞系(CNE-2Z)及其21个单克隆细胞株进行检测。CNE-2Z系平均细胞电泳率为1.43±0.35,21个单克隆平均细胞电泳率高低不一,从0.87±0.15到1.72±0.15,说明作为群体细胞系的CNE-2Z在细胞电泳方面具有明显异质性.同时,检测结果初步提供了21个单克隆株的纯度和转移能力的线索.