余甘子精粉的体外抗氧化活性分析

The antioxidant activities in vitro of refined powder of Phyllanthus emblica L. were detected by methods based on chemical measurement and cell modeling. The results of anti-peroxidation ability and iron reduction ability trials showed that the refined powder of P. emblica L. had strong ability of anti-peroxidation, and it increased with the increasing of concentration with a clear dose-response relationship. When the concentration reached 800 μg·mL^-1, the ability of anti-peroxidation was almost equal to the positive control VC with the same concentration. Meanwhile, it also had iron reduction ability that accompanied by significant dose-response relationship. By in vitro cell culture method, H₂O₂ was used to induce SH-SY5Y cells damages to establish the cell model of oxidative damage. The author detected the effect of different concentrations of powder on cell survival rate for the model cells by MTT assay. The results indicated that refined powder could show better protective effect to oxidative damaged SH-SY5Y cells in the range of 600 1 200 μg·mL^-1. When the concentration reached 1 200 μg·mL^-1, the cell survival rate was the highest and refined powder exhibited the best antioxidant activity. Both methods proved the strong antioxidant activities of refined powder of P. emblica L. in vitro.     

河豚的食用安全性及营养价值研究进展

阐述了河豚食用安全性,以及国内外对河豚鱼肉、肝脏和精巢营养价值的研究现状,以期为养殖低毒或无毒的河豚、科学地利用河豚资源及开放河豚市场提供参考。     

有机硒粉对亚硝酸钠引起蚕豆根尖微核的拮抗作用研究

[目的]研究有机硒粉对蚕豆根尖细胞的影响以及对亚硝酸钠引起微核的拮抗作用,为合理利用有机硒元素提供参考依据。[方法]以蚕豆根尖为材料,以亚硝酸钠为生物诱变剂,利用微核检测技术研究不同浓度有机硒粉对蚕豆根尖细胞的影响。[结果]在所研究浓度范围内,低浓度有机硒粉可以抑制蚕豆根尖细胞微核的发生,高浓度对微核的形成有促进作用;同时,在所研究浓度范围内,有机硒溶液均可抑制由亚硝酸钠引起的微核形成。[结论]适量有机硒溶液可拮抗有毒物质亚硝酸钠对蚕豆根尖细胞内染色体的破坏作用,因此在补充硒元素时应注意适量的原则。     

矿物药超高压射流粉碎可行性研究

利用超高压射流技术对自然铜、滑石、龙骨、龙齿进行粉碎,测定超细粉平均粒径、比表面积、分布宽度(SPAN)、分散稳定性、休止角及松密度。与常规粉比较发现超细粉平均粒径减小了89.15%～93.72%,松密度减小了28.57%～40.40%,比表面积增大了4.282～11.160倍,休止角增大了0.072～0.458倍,滑石超细粉在羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na)中的分散性较好。利用超高压射流技术粉碎矿物药是可行的,为该技术在粉碎领域的应用提供了依据。     

红茶饼干的制作

[目的]研究红茶饼干的制作工艺。[方法]添加不同量的超微红茶粉、小苏打和水,研究其对红茶饼干品质的影响。[结果]当超微红茶粉用量为4.0%、小苏打用量为1.0%、水的用量为44.0%时,所烤制的饼干具有良好的感官品质和一定的营养保健功能。[结论]该研究可为饼干行业的发展提供有益的帮助。     

竹粉填充对脲醛树脂胶黏剂性能的影响

为探索竹粉替代面粉填充脲醛树脂胶黏剂的可行性,减少面粉在非食品工业的消耗,充分利用竹材加工剩余物,以竹粉作为脲醛树脂胶黏剂的填充剂,研究了竹粉的添加量、粒度对脲醛树脂胶黏剂的粘度、胶合性能和甲醛释放量的影响,以及竹粉在胶液中的分散情况,并采用傅里叶变换红外光谱对添加了竹粉的脲醛树脂胶黏剂进行了分析。结果表明：竹粉在脲醛树脂胶液中易分散,且随竹粉粒度的减小,竹粉分散越均匀;竹粉粒度、添加量对脲醛树脂胶黏剂的胶合强度有较显著的影响,但对甲醛释放量的影响不显著;当添加量为脲醛树脂胶黏剂( UF)胶液质量15％的220－240目竹粉时,竹粉填充不影响其胶合强度和甲醛释放量。     

Optimization of Spray Drying Processing Technology of Mulberry Powder

With concentrated juice of mulberry as raw material, the influence of type and dosage of dry aid, the inlet air temperature, inlet flow rate, and rotating speed on spray drying was studied. The spray drying processing conditions of mulberry powder were optimized by the L9(34) orthogonal test on the basis of single factor experiment. The results showed that optimum technical parameters to produce mulberry powder were: β-cyclodextrin as dry aids with dosage of 30%, inlet air temperature of180 ℃, rotating speed of 18 000 r/min and inlet flow rate of 30 m L/min. The mulberry powder under this optimum process conditions had a loose structure and bright color, fruity flavor was rich, the anthocyanin content for 54.67 mg/g, moisture content for5.6% and sensory scores for 83.     

紫外分光光度法快速测定龙泉破壁灵芝孢子粉三萜含量

选取5种龙泉破壁灵芝孢子粉为研究对象,使用紫外分光光度法,建立了一种快速、简单、高灵敏度,专门针对灵芝孢子粉中三萜测定的方法。结果表明,该方法测得龙泉破壁灵芝孢子粉三萜含量为2.94%~3.43%。熊果酸浓度在20~140μg范围内呈良好的线性关系,精密度(RSD)为0.88%,回收率为88.6%~92.5%,完全能够满足于破壁灵芝孢子粉中三萜成分的分析研究。     

金龟子绿僵菌的液固双相发酵研究

金龟子绿僵菌是重要的害虫致病真菌,采用液固双相发酵方法对MA4-37菌株进行发酵,研究液体培养基、固体培养基及其厚度、浅盘固体发酵、袋装固体发酵对金龟子绿僵菌生长及产孢量的影响,优化控制发酵过程。结果表明,液体发酵较适合的培养基为发酵液B(大豆1%、蔗糖1%、NaCl0.5%、MnSO40.5%,用KH2PO4-K2HPO4缓冲液调节pH值为6.0～7.0),采用该培养基时液生分生孢子产量和菌丝生长量均最高,分别达到4.3×109个/L、5.99g/L。固体发酵时,浅盘发酵方法优于袋装发酵,其中采用配方F的固体培养基(碎米600g、大米300g、H2O 50%、KH2PO4-K2HPO4缓冲液0.05%、蔗糖0.5%),厚度在1.3cm时,浅盘培养7d的产粉量可达16.1mg/g。     

家蚕人工饲料中桑叶粉及大豆粉含量与质量对稚蚕、壮蚕及茧质的影响

以桑叶粉和大豆粉为主要原料的人工饲料中,桑叶粉的含量在35%～55%之间为宜,大豆粉含量不宜低于30%;桑叶粉与大豆粉的质量对人工饲料质量均有很大影响;饲育稚蚕,春叶与秋叶均可,若要饲育壮蚕,则春叶成绩明显优于秋叶;经乙醇浸提大豆粉可明显提高疏毛率,但2龄后最好改为普通大豆粉饲料;人工饲料育的中系蚕个体的壮蚕饲育成绩优于日系蚕。