Application of PCR-HRM in the study of relationship between leptin gene promoter polymorphisms and liver cirrhosis

AIM: To analyze the feasibility of PCR-high-resolution melting curve analysis (HRM) for detecting the site mutations of C2549 and G2548 in leptin gene promoter from the patients with liver cirrhosis, and to explore the relevance between mutant genotypes and physiological and biochemical indexes in liver cirrhosis patients. METHODS: Compared with the method of PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), the present research used the method of PCR-HRM to analyze the site mutations of C2549 and G2548 in leptin gene promoter in control group (n=100) and liver cirrhosis group (n=100). The physiological and biochemical indexes of the patients were also detected and compared. RESULTS: Leptin gene promoter polymorphism was detected using PCR-HRM with effectiveness, high flux and accuracy. Preliminary results showed that the main mutation of the patients with liver cirrhosis was in C2549 site, but not found in G2548 site. Leptin, free leptin index (FLI), fasting insulin (FINS) and insulin resistance index estimated by homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR) in liver cirrhosis group were higher than those in control group. Insulin sensitivity index (ISI) and soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R) in liver cirrhosis group were lower than those in control group with significant difference except leptin level. Meanwhile, FLI showed positively correlated with FINS and HOMA-IR (r=0.45, r=0.53, P<0.05), and negatively with ISI (r=-0.34, P<0.05). In the patients with liver cirrhosis, C2549A heterozygous mutation was predominant. The indexes of HOMI-IR, leptin, sOB-R and FLI of C2549A homozygotes and heterozygotes were higher than those of the wildtypes, which showed significant difference except leptin and sOB-R levels (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: PCR-HRM can be more accurate for identifying leptin promoter polymorphism. The increase in the frequency of C2549A mutation may be closely related with liver cirrhosis. Existence of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance may be correlated with leptin level in the patients with liver cirrhosis.     

硝氯粉和肝蛭净驱除绵羊肝片吸虫效果的对比试验

应用硝氯粉和肝蛭净两种药物,采取口服投药方式,分不同剂量,在绵羊肝片吸虫驱虫方面做了对比试验。结果表明:硝氯粉按5mg/kg体重驱虫,肝片吸虫虫卵减少率96.85%;肝蛭净按12mg/kg体重驱虫,虫卵减少率96.74%;二者的驱虫效果差异不大,但在实际操作中,硝氯粉剂量稍大会出现中毒反应,剂量过小则效果不佳,硝氯粉剂量较难控制。建议养畜户在绵羊肝片吸虫驱虫时最好用肝蛭净。     

Chicken leptin: properties and actions

Chicken leptin cDNA shows a high homology to mammalian homologous, with an expression localized in the liver and adipose tissue. It is noteworthy, that the hepatic expression is most likely associated with the primary role that this organ plays in lipogenic activity in avian species. As in mammals, chicken leptin expression is regulated by hormonal and nutritional status. This regulation is tissue-specific and with a high sensitivity in the liver compared to adipose tissue. The blood leptin levels are regulated by the nutritional state with high levels in the fed state compared to the fasted state. The recombinant chicken leptin markedly inhibits food intake as reported in mammals, suggesting the presence of an hypothalamic leptin receptor. The chicken leptin receptor has been identified and all functional motifs are highly conserved compared to mammalian homologous. Chicken leptin receptor is expressed in the hypothalamus but also in other tissues such as pancreas, where leptin inhibits insulin secretion and thus may have a key role in regulating nutrient utilization in this species.     

Prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths,lungworms and liver fluke in sheep and goats in Norway

The present study describes the occurrence of various gastrointestinal helminths, lungworms and liver flukes in Norwegian sheep and goats as assessed from faecal samples and post mortem examinations performed between 2007 and 2010. Faecal samples for gastrointestinal nematode egg counts were collected from 77 sheep flocks and 30 dairy goat flocks from three geographical regions in Norway. Additionally, thirty-two lambs and 16 adult goats were euthanized for necropsy examination and for identification of adult gastrointestinal nematodes and tapeworms, lungworms and liver flukes. The survey showed that there was a higher mean excretion of trichostrongyle eggs in sheep than in goats at the individual level (392 EPG vs. 154 EPG, p < 0.001). For both host species, the mean prevalence and intensity of excreted trichostrongyle eggs were significantly higher in the southern coastal region compared with the inland and northern regions (p < 0.001). Third stage larvae of Trichostrongylus/Teladorsagia, Haemonchus and Nematodirus type were the most prevalent ones in the coprocultures from sheep, whereas larvae of Trichostrongylus/Teladorsagia and Nematodirus type dominated in goats. The most prevalent gastrointestinal nematode species found at necropsy was Teladorsagia circumcincta (75.0 and 81.2% respectively in sheep and goats), while the largest mean worm burdens were recorded for Haemonchus contortus in sheep (724 ± 623) and T. circumcincta in goats (377 ± 529). Other gastrointestinal nematode species were present at low prevalence or in low numbers.     

一例犬肝脏肿瘤并发糖尿病诊断与分析

2018年10月,宠物医院接到一只10岁龄患犬,为肝脏肿瘤并发糖尿病病例,对其进行体格检查和实验室检查,实验室检查的项目有B超、血常规检测、血生化检测和血气分析检测。诊断该犬为肝脏肿瘤并发糖尿病。用补液、降糖的原则对该犬的糖尿病进行治疗,肝脏肿瘤因宠物主人意愿宠物接受保守治疗。患犬经住院治疗病情稳定后出院。     

《园艺学报》征稿简则

AIM:To investigate the prognostic value of biomarkers on predicting recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). METHODS:Fifty patients with HCC who underwent OLT between April 2002 and November 2005 with a minimum clinical follow up of 12 months were included in this retrospective study. We examined immunohistochemical expression of E-cadherin with β-catenin, Ki-67 proliferative index and analyzed the correlation between these biomarkers with recurrence and survival, along with the main clinical-pathological variables.RESULTS:Only at univariate analysis, TNM, portal vein tumor thrombi were valuable on predicting recurrence and survival time (P<0.05), and preoperative serum AFP correlate to recurrence only at multivariate analysis (OR=2.552, P<0.05). Lower membrane expression of E-cadherin, nuclear β-catenin localization and high Ki-67 index showed notable significance on predicting recurrence and survival time at univariate analysis, as well at multivariate analysis, all P<0.01. The membrane expression of β-catenin did not correlate to the prognosis (P>0.05).CONCLUSION:These three biomarkers might have potential as a tumor prognostic marker for predicting recurrence of HCC after OLT and perhaps are better than the clinical-pathological variables.     

内毒素诱导的山羊红细胞膜和肝线粒体膜Ca2+-ATP酶活性的改变及654-2的保护作用

 通过静脉注射的方法研究了大肠杆菌内毒素(ET)对山羊红细胞膜和肝粒体膜损伤的膜Ca²⁺-ATP酶活性的变化及654-2(山莨菪碱)的保护效应。结果表明,ET处理组(ⅱ组)在1h,3h红细胞膜Ca²⁺-ATP酶活性高于对照组(iv组)(p<0.05),5h有下降趋势且持续到9h.12h开始回升并低于iv组(p<0.01,p<0.05).654-2处理组(ⅲ组),Ca²⁺-ATP酶活性除在9h、12h与iv组,在3h与ⅱ组差异不显着(p>0.05)外,均高于iv组和ⅱ组(p<0.01,p<0.05).在肝线粒体中,ⅱ组Ca²⁺-ATP酶活性在5h、12h均低于iv组和ⅱ组(p<0.05,p<0.01),ⅲ组Ca²⁺-ATP酶活性均高于iv组,但12h与iv组差异不显着(p>0.05).结果提示,ET具有诱导膜Ca²⁺-ATP酶活性先激活后顿抑的效应,而654-2有明显保护膜Ca²⁺-ATP酶活性的作用。