隐性白H系公鸡体尺性状与精液品质间的典型相关分析

用典型相关分析法对隐性白H系公鸡9个体尺指标与3个精液品质指标进行了相关分析,结果表明：两组性状间的第一典型相关系数为0.8481(p<0.05),占总相关信息的50.5%,体尺性状与精液品质之间的相关关系,主要是由胸围(X8)和精子密度(X11)之间的密切相关所引起,此相关为负相关。建议在隐性白H系公鸡今后的选育中,必须加强对体尺性状的选择,尤其要注重对胸围的选择,要把胸围控制在适当的水平,以达到改善体形结构的同时保证良好的精液品质。     

5个工业大麻品种（系）纤维产量及产量构成因素的相关性分析

以自主选育的5个工业大麻品种（系）为研究对象,采用随机区组试验,对纤维产量与产量构成因素进行相关和通径分析,分析参试品种（系）纤维产量、产量构成因素的变化及关系。结果表明,参试工业大麻品种（系）的单株纤维产量及产量构成因素差异显著;单株原茎重与单株纤维产量呈极显著相关,茎粗、单株干茎重、全麻率与单株纤维产量呈显著相关,相关系数的大小依次为单株原茎重（0.962）>全麻率（0.943）>茎粗（0.917）>单株干茎重（0.912）>株高（0.808）>干茎制成率（0.725）;单株纤维产量与单株原茎重、单株干茎重、全麻率、株高、干茎制成率的回归方程达显著水平,通径分析结果表明,对单株纤维产量直接贡献最大的是单株原茎重,其次是全麻率,而株高、单株干茎重、干茎制成率其对单株纤维产量的影响主要是通过影响单株原茎重和全麻率的间接作用而产生的。     

线区域尺度土壤水分实时测量方法研究

提出了一种线区域尺度的土壤水分测量方法,设计了基于频域振荡法实时检测植物根区尺度土壤水分信息的传感系统。系统由土壤水分传感器、PVC套管、电动机牵引系统以及控制器组成,控制器控制电动机牵引传感器在套管中往复运动,可以实时获取240 cm长度上的土壤体积含水率信息。土壤水分传感器的动态响应时间为32 ms,稳定性测试结果的标准差为0.006 1 V,与时域反射(TDR)土壤水分传感器测量结果的相关性决定系数达到0.989,满足区域性土壤水分实时检测的要求。野外试验证明:当传感系统埋设深度为30 cm时,与相距10 cm平行埋设的BD-Ⅲ型土壤水分传感器(精度为±2%)测量结果的均方误差小于0.5%,能够测量到因降水导致的土壤水分变化,验证了系统的有效性。     

氯化钠胁迫下甜菜不同品种(系)种子发芽率和幼苗生长的差异

研究了不同浓度的氯化钠胁迫下甜菜不同品种(系)种子发芽率和营养液培养幼苗生长的差异。以相对发芽率和幼苗干物质量来判断甜菜不同品种的相对耐盐能力,氯化钠胁迫适宜浓度为280mmol/L。甜菜不同品种(系)幼苗相对生长量和种子相对发芽率均存在较大差异,且两者相关性达到显著水平。用种子相对发芽率评价甜菜耐盐能力应统一种子繁育年份;通过营养液培养法用幼苗相对生长量评价甜菜耐盐能力准确可靠。采用上述方法,初步筛选出耐盐较强、中间型和盐敏感品种(系)各10余份。     

Spatial and temporal variation and effects of changes in management in discard rates from the commercial reef line fishery of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia

Discarding in commercially exploited fisheries has received considerable attention in the last decade, though only more recently in Australia. The Reef Line fishery (RLF) of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) in Australia is a large-scale multi-sector, multi-species, highly regulated hook and line fishery with the potential for high levels of discarding. We used a range of data sources to estimate discard rates and discard quantities for the two main target groups of the RLF, the coral trout, Plectropomus spp, and the red throat emperor, Lethrinus miniatus, and investigated possible effects on discarding of recent changes in management of the fishery. Fleet-wide estimates of total annual quantities discarded from 1989 to 2003 were 292–622 t and 33–95 t for coral trout and red throat emperor, respectively. Hypothetical scenarios of high-grading after the introduction of a total allowable commercial catch for coral trout resulted in increases in discard quantities up to 3895 t, while no high-grading still meant 421 t were discarded. Increasing the minimum size limit of red throat emperor from 35 to 38 cm also increased discards to an estimated 103 t. We provide spatially and temporally explicit estimates of discarding for the two most important species in the GBR RLF of Australia to demonstrate the importance of accounting for regional variation in quantification of discarding. Effects of management changes on discarding are also highlighted. This study provides a template for exploring discarding levels for other species in the RLF and elsewhere.     

Investigation of movement and factors influencing post-release survival of line-caught coral reef fish using recreational tag-recapture data

Six species of line-caught coral reef fish (Plectropomus spp., Lethrinus miniatus, Lethrinus laticaudis, Lutjanus sebae, Lutjanus malabaricus and Lutjanus erythropterus) were tagged by members of the Australian National Sportsfishing Association (ANSA) in Queensland between 1986 and 2003. Of the 14,757 fish tagged, 1607 were recaptured and we analysed these data to describe movement and determine factors likely to impact release survival. All species were classified as residents since over 80% of recaptures for each species occurred within 1 km of the release site. Few individuals (range 0.8–5%) were recaptured more than 20 km from their release point. L. sebae had a higher recapture rate (19.9%) than the other species studied (range 2.1–11.7%). Venting swimbladder gases, regardless of whether or not fish appeared to be suffering from barotrauma, significantly enhanced (P < 0.05) the survival of L. sebae and L. malabaricus but had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on L. erythropterus. The condition of fish on release, subjectively assessed by anglers, was only a significant effect on recapture rate for L. sebae where fish in “fair” condition had less than half the recapture rate of those assessed as in “excellent” or “good” condition. The recapture rate of L. sebae and L. laticaudis was significantly (P < 0.05) affected by depth with recapture rate declining in depths exceeding 30 m. Overall, the results showed that depth of capture, release condition and treatment for barotrauma influenced recapture rate for some species but these effects were not consistent across all species studied. Recommendations were made to the ANSA tagging clubs to record additional information such as injury, hooking location and hook type to enable a more comprehensive future assessment of the factors influencing release survival.     

油葵不育系、恢复系产量性状配合力的评价

通过对油葵不育系、恢复系产量性状进行双列杂交分析,结果表明自交系间一般配合力和特殊配合力存在极显著、显著差异.F1的产量性状受亲本自交系的一般配合力和特殊配合力的共同影响,但一般配合力效应较特殊配合力的略大.自交系的一般配合力和特殊配合力间无明显相关关系.在杂交组合配制以及自交系的改良计划中,应首先在较高的一般配合力的基础上,同时要求有较高的特殊配合力方差.     

用GGE双标图分析区域试验中小豆品系的高产稳产性及适应性

为了准确评价小豆品系的高产、稳产性和适应性,采用GGE-Biplot软件对2009-2011年10个小豆品种在19个试点的国家区域试验数据进行分析。结果表明：小豆品系‘保200112’属于高产、稳产性较好的品系;产量一般可达到1682.5 kg/hm2,在适宜条件下具有3302.3 kg/hm2的高产潜力。在所有试点中,山西大同最具有代表性,陕西延安的鉴别力较好。因此,用双标图法可以直观、简便、有效地显示品种的高产、稳产性和试点的鉴别力,提高区域试验的准确性和效率,为国家小豆品种鉴定与推广提供了参考依据。     

不等式约束线性规划解法

利用矩阵行变换的方法对不等式约束线性规划给出一种求解算法。该算法用标准化所产生的标准型的特殊形式。利用矩阵行变换直接寻求可行基。避免了引入人工变量,且在求可行基时不需求检验数,而常用的大Ｍ法或两阶段法。在求可行基时仍需求检验数。该算法能减少存储量与计算量,尤其是在整数规划的解法－分枝定界法中,由于每个分支的约束均为不等式形式。使用本文算法可比大Ｍ法或两阶段法减少大量的存储量与计算量。因而具有较大的     

配套系杂交组合猪的血浆酶活性研究

以长沙卷烟厂天华养殖场6个杂交组合为研究对象,对各杂交组合的血浆酶活性间的相关进行了分析,结果表明,GPT活性与AMY活性达到极显著的负相关(P<0.01);AKP活性与AMY活性达到显著的负相关(P<0.05),与GPT活性达到极显著的正相关(P<0.01);r-GT活性与AMY活性达到极显著的正相关(P<0.01),与GPT活性及GOT活性达到显著或极显著的负相关(P<0.05或P<0.01)。