New record ofTrichospilus diatraeae as a parasitoid of the eucalypt defoliatorThyrinteina arnobia in Brazil

This is the first report ofTrichospilus diatraeae Cherian & Margabandhu, 1942 (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) parasitizing pupae of the eucalypt defoliatorThyrinteina arnobia (Stoll, 1782) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae). Parasitized pupae of this insect were collected in the field in Brazil. In view of this finding, the potential of this parasitoid for biological control ofT. arnobia in eucalypt plantations in Brazil should be investigated. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting June 12, 2008.     

江西天蛾科昆虫种类记述

本文报道江西省天蛾科昆虫种类共计90种,分隶于4亚科、40属,并将每种在我省的采集地、寄主、重要种类生物学简介及防治要点进行了记述。     

中国青灰蝶属Antigius Sibataniet Ito二新亚种描述

描述了产自浙江和广东的青灰蝶属Antigius Sibatani et Ito两新亚种,即陈青灰蝶浙江亚种A.cheni zhengjian-gensis ssp.n.和巴青灰蝶南岭亚种A.butlelri nanlingensis ssp.n.前者以后翅正面欠发达的白斑以及翅反面较宽的中室端带易于和指名亚种相区别;后者后翅正面白斑较小,两翅反面后中带较宽,中室中带和中室端带明显比后中带窄而易于与指名亚种相区别.     

江西省长须夜蛾亚科昆虫名录（鳞翅目;夜蛾科）

本文记述了江西省长须夜蛾亚科昆虫15属47种,其中5种江西新纪录。     

内蒙古大兴安岭林区蝶类种的记述（一）——凤蝶科和绢蝶科

本文记述了内蒙古大兴安岭林区鳞翅目凤蝶科的4种：金凤蝶（Papilio machaon Linnaeus）、柑橘凤蝶（Papilio xuthus Linnaeus）、绿带翠凤蝶（Papilio maackii Menetries）、碧凤蝶（Papilio bianor Cramer）,以及绢蝶科的6种：微点绢蝶（Parnassius tenedius Eversmann）、冰清绢蝶（Parnassius glacialis Butler）、小红珠绢蝶（Parnassius nomion Fischeret Waldheim）、红珠绢蝶（Parnassius bremeri Brener）、白绢蝶（Parnassius stubbendorfii Menetries）、艾雯绢蝶（Parnassius eversmanni Menetries）,并对其形态特征、习性、寄主和分布进行了简要介绍。     

Long-term realised and projected growth impacts caused by autumn gum moth defoliation of 2-year-old Eucalyptus nitens plantation trees in Tasmania,Australia

Insect damage to production forests has the potential to reduce financial returns by retarding tree growth and causing mortality, however, long-term realised quantification of these losses is rare. In order to help elucidate economic damage thresholds for making spray decisions we capitalised on a natural outbreak of autumn gum moth, Mnesampela privata, in a 2-year-old Eucalyptus nitens plantation. Following the partial chemical control of this insect outbreak we measured the tree growth variables diameter at breast height over bark and height of five differing tree defoliation classes for 75 months following tree damage. At the end of this period a threshold model was fitted to describe the relationship between tree defoliation and realised tree wood volumes. The model revealed that realised stand wood volume was not significantly affected up until defoliation exceeded 60% and then declined sharply after this defoliation level was reached. Further support for this defoliation threshold was evident from multiple comparisons among defoliation classes that showed 50% defoliated trees did not have significantly different wood volume compared to more lightly defoliated trees, but did have significantly greater wood volume compared to trees that were 72% or more defoliated. To determine if the realised differences in wood volume resulted in differences in yield over a plantation rotation the E. nitens growth model NITGRO was used to on-grow trees to age 15 years for a ‘best case’ (type 1 growth response, constant growth rates from last inventory until harvest) and ‘worst case’ (type 2 growth response, divergent growth rates from last inventory until harvest) scenario. The threshold model was then fitted to the outcomes of both scenarios and the economic consequences of defoliation were clearly dependent on the growth function assumed.     

Tradeoff between triglyceride consumption and ovariole development in Plutella xylostella (L.) released in mixed-host environments

After exposure to mixed environments with multiple hosts, the frequency of flight take-offs for Plutella xylostella (L.) is known to increase with a concomitant decrease in female fecundity. The objective of the present study was to elucidate the physiological mechanism underlying the increased flight activity and decreased fecundity of P. xylostella in mixed-host environments. We measured ovariole length, and triglyceride and vitellogenin (Vg) content in P. xylostella females after they were released into different host environments consisting of either a single host (Brassica campestris, Brassica oleracea or Brassica juncea) or a mixture of all three hosts. Our results indicated that ovariole length varied significantly between female adults from different host environments. Females from the B. campestris environment had the longest ovarioles, whereas those from the mixed environment had the shortest ones. A negative correlation was found between ovariole length and the flight take-off frequency of P. xylostella adults. Additionally, there were significant differences in the triglyceride content of P. xylostella females from different host environments. Our data revealed that more triglyceride was consumed by P. xylostella female adults from B. oleracea and the mixed environments than those from environments containing only B. campestris or B. juncea. In contrast, the relative Vg content in P. xylostella females from the mixed environment was lower than that in females from the B. campestris-, B. juncea- or B. oleracea-only environments. In conclusion, the mixed environment caused increased consumption of available energy resources (triglyceride) at the cost of retarding ovarian development and decreasing the amount of Vg produced.     

Geostatistical characterization of fruit damage caused by Anarsia lineatella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in organic fruit orchards and implications for its management

The peach twig borer Anarsia lineatella is the most common pest threat of peaches worldwide. This work studies for the first time, the fruit damage patterns inside organic peach orchards using geostatistical methods. A linear semivariogram model provides the best fit among candidates’ linear and non-linear models based on the RSS and r². Moreover, the shape of the linear model approaches the pure nugget effect model, with a very low correlation between samples regardless of the distance of separation. This suggests either that the caused damage is to a high degree randomly or uniformly distributed, or, that autocorrelation may be present in distance lower than the measured distance of the study orchards. The linear model has been used for Kriging interpolation to simulate the spatial distribution of fruit damage and to indicate hot spots of high pest activity. According to the linear interpolation model, the simulated percentage of damage ranged from 12% to 28% during an observation period of three years. Moreover, slight border effects were observed during the first two years of observation suggesting possible entry of individuals from nearby orchards.     

中国柞树主要害虫名录(Ⅰ)

记述了我国有关鳞翅目(Lepidoptera)刺蛾科(Limacodidae)和卷蛾科(Tortricidae)等16个科的柞树害虫88种,分别介绍了害虫的中文名称、学名、寄主种类及主要分布区域,为有效控制刺蛾类、卷蛾类等柞树害虫的发生与危害提供基础信息。