鳞翅目昆虫幼虫取食抑制素味觉神经元及其感受模式的研究进展

综述了鳞翅目昆虫幼虫的取食抑制素味觉神经元及其感受模式的研究进展,为防治鳞翅目害虫提供参考。     

紫金山鳞翅目害虫风险分析、预测及防控策略

通过对南京紫金山不同植被类型鳞翅目昆虫群落结构及时空动态的调查,综合其优势种类、本地和省级历史危害种类;经过研究和分析影响紫金山鳞翅目有害生物危险性的各种相关因子以及这些相关因子的地位、作用和相互之间的关系,分别采用多指标综合评估法、经验综合评估法对紫金山不同植被类型中可能造成危害的各类鳞翅目风险源进行了风险分析和风险预测,并提出了相应的防控策略。     

Lepidoptera larvae as food for capercaillie chick (tetrao urogallus): A field experiment

Lepidoptera larvae are important prey for capercaillie chicks {Tetrao urogallus), but utilization varies among habitats. This field experiment investigates the effects of larval feeding behaviour, abundance and the density of bilberry (Vacciniwn myrtillus) on utilization of larvae by a group of four capercaille chicks and also tests whether chick utilization differs between wet and dry coniferous forest. In fenced plots, four hand‐raised chicks were released for a 15 min feeding period. Reduction of geometrid larvae was correlated positively with their abundance but correlated negatively with bilberry density. Geometrids had a much higher predation risk than pyralids and tortricids, probably because they are exposed while feeding, in contrast to pyralids and tortricids. Total reduction of lepidoptera was higher in wet than dry forest, probably due to a higher proportion of geometrid larvae, and lower density of bilberry in the wet forest. The manner of insect feeding and habitat type (e.g. wet and dry forest), which influence bilberry density, therefore may be important factors to consider when assessing or managing habitat quality for capercaillie chicks.     

鳞翅目昆虫生物钟的研究进展与展望

经过长期的自然演化,昆虫生命活动和行为中有着明显的昼夜和季节的节律性周期变化——生物钟(circadian clock)。鳞翅目昆虫是当前物种最丰富的昆虫群体,包括蝴蝶和飞蛾约16万种,其中近70%的重要农林害虫属于鳞翅目。而鳞翅目昆虫生物钟的研究进展对于深入剖析鳞翅目昆虫丰富多变的生理行为调控机制,有效开展鳞翅目经济昆虫的生产及农林害虫防治具有重要意义。总结了昼夜节律生物钟对鳞翅目昆虫孵化与取食、生长与变态、生殖与滞育、求偶与迁飞等生理行为的影响,重点概述了鳞翅目昆虫生物钟分子调控机制、生物钟与内分泌激素协同调控机制等重要研究进展,并基于生物钟原理探讨了鳞翅目昆虫与植物协同进化关系及重要生态意义,展望了将生物钟理论应用于农业害虫防治和经济昆虫饲养改良的应用前景。     

中国桑树害虫名录(Ⅳ)

记述了分布于我国的鳞翅目(Lepidoptera)夜蛾总科(Noctuoidea)的灯蛾科(Arctiidae)、夜蛾科(Noctuidae)和毒蛾科(Lymantriidae)桑树害虫共68种,分别介绍了害虫的中文名称、学名、寄主种类及主要分布区域,为了解桑树灯蛾类、夜蛾类和毒蛾类害虫的发生与危害提供相关的基础信息。     

1株对多种害虫高活性的苏云金杆菌Bt CYZ-4

通过生物测定得到了对多种重要农林害虫高活性的苏云金杆菌菌株Bt CYZ-4,对其基因型鉴定表明:该菌株基因型较丰富.该菌株对粘虫(Mythimna separata)初孵幼虫48h LC50为6.6×106个/mL(芽孢密度);对美国白蛾(Hyphantria cunea)、甜菜夜蛾(Spodoptera exigua)和棉铃虫(Helicoverpa armigera)初孵幼虫72h LC50分别为2.9×106、2.25×105和4.7×106个/mL;对林业害虫杨扇舟蛾(Clostera anachoreta)二龄幼虫72h LC50为1.7×106个/mL,同时该菌株对卫生害虫淡色库蚊(Culex pipiens paliens)也表现出较好的活性,24h LC50为2.01×105个/mL.利用cry1、cry2、cry3、cry7、cry8、cry9和vip3A基因引物对该菌株进行基因型鉴定,并对其扩增片段进行限制性酶切分析,结果表明,该菌株含有cry1Ac、cry1Ab、cry2Ab和vip3A基因,不存在cry3、cry7、cry8、cry9基因,其它基因型仍有待鉴定.SDS-PAGE分析表明,晶体蛋白质的分子质量主要为130、70、57、27ku,营养期为88ku.该菌株是一株具有应用潜力的Bt野生株.     

虎灰蝶幼期及分类地位

虎灰蝶属是基于虎灰蝶Yamamotozephyrus kwangtungensis而建立的单种属,报道了产自广东南岭的虎灰蝶幼期.该蝶寄主植物为壳斗科白锥Castanopsis sp.,年发生1个世代,成虫出现于5-6月.     

杂夜蛾亚科2种幼虫形态记述（鳞翅目：夜蛾科）

详细记述了中国甜菜夜蛾Spodoptera exigua（Hübner） 和稻蛀茎夜蛾Seasamia inferens （Walker） 幼虫的形态特征,并提供了形态特征图。图2参9     

Note:Syringopais temperatella Lederer, 1855 and its parasitoids in wheat and barley fields in the southeast Anatolian region of Turkey

Larvae of the cereal leaf minerSyringopais temperatella Led. (Lep.: Scythridae) collected from wheat and barley fields in the southeast Anatolian region of Turkey during 2005–2006, and their parasitization rates, were determined in the laboratory,Bracon (Habrobracon) stabilis Wesmael andApanteles sp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) were identified as its parasitoids for the first time.     

昆嵛山部分鳞翅目昆虫资源调查

对昆嵛山鳞翅目蝶类昆虫和夜蛾科、螟蛾科、天蛾科昆虫资源进行了初步的采集与鉴定。结果表明,蝶类昆虫共计6科,19属,21种;夜蛾科昆虫共计22属,28种;螟蛾科昆虫共计8属,11种;天蛾科昆虫共计10属,10种。结合目前昆嵛山昆虫资源状况,提出了调查研究、开发与害虫监测防治等建议。