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排序方式: 共有488条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
Baker DL Finco-Kent DL Reagan WJ Conklyn MJ Kawabata TT 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2008,37(1):42-48
BACKGROUND: Guidelines published by the Food and Drug Administration and Center for Human Medicinal Products describe the need to assess immunotoxic effects in nonclinical studies that evaluate drug toxicity, including the use of immunophenotyping to measure immunotoxicity. We are not aware of previous studies, however, that have validated methods for immunophenotyping peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in whole blood samples from cynomolgus monkeys. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to optimize and validate a flow cytometric assay for immunophenotyping lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of cynomolgus monkeys. METHODS: A series of prevalidation experiments were done to determine optimal reagents, volumes, timing, and other procedural details of the flow cytometric assay. Using the optimized method, we then determined precision, interindividual variation, laboratory-to-laboratory variability, and sample stability. Stabilized human blood was used as a positive control for staining, processing, and analysis. The percentage and number of pan-T cells (CD3+), T-helper cells (CD3+4+), T cytotoxic/suppressor cells (CD3+8+), natural killer cells (CD3-16+), and B-cells (CD3-20+) were determined in 146 male and 140 female, clinically healthy monkeys and reference intervals were calculated. RESULTS: By doing 4-color staining with a lyse-wash method, intra- and interassay precision were <5% for all lymphocyte subsets. Variability between technicians and laboratories was minimal (CVs<3%). Samples were stable for up to 24 hours after staining and fixing. CONCLUSIONS: The validated method is extremely robust and can be performed under good laboratory practice conditions to support nonclinical studies. Reference intervals for lymphocyte subsets were similar to those previously reported. 相似文献
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Pharmacokinetics and dynamics of mycophenolate mofetil after single‐dose oral administration in juvenile dachshunds 下载免费PDF全文
M. Grobman D. M. Boothe H. Rindt B. G. Williamson M. L. Katz J. R. Coates C. R. Reinero 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2017,40(6):e1-e10
Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is recommended as an alternative/complementary immunosuppressant. Pharmacokinetic and dynamic effects of MMF are unknown in young‐aged dogs. We investigated the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of single oral dose MMF metabolite, mycophenolic acid (MPA), in healthy juvenile dogs purpose‐bred for the tripeptidyl peptidase 1 gene (TPP1) mutation. The dogs were heterozygous for the mutation (nonaffected carriers). Six dogs received 13 mg/kg oral MMF and two placebo. Pharmacokinetic parameters derived from plasma MPA were evaluated. Whole‐blood mitogen‐stimulated T‐cell proliferation was determined using a flow cytometric assay. Plasma MPA Cmax (mean ± SD, 9.33 ± 7.04 μg/ml) occurred at <1 hr. The AUC0–∞ (mean ± SD, 12.84±6.62 hr*μg/ml), MRTinf (mean ± SD, 11.09 ± 9.63 min), T1/2 (harmonic mean ± PseudoSD 5.50 ± 3.80 min), and k/d (mean ± SD, 0.002 ± 0.001 1/min). Significant differences could not be detected between % inhibition of proliferating CD5+ T lymphocytes at any time point (p = .380). No relationship was observed between MPA concentration and % inhibition of proliferating CD5+ T lymphocytes (R = .148, p = .324). Pharmacodynamics do not support the use of MMF in juvenile dogs at the administered dose based on existing therapeutic targets. 相似文献
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禽呼肠病毒感染对SPF鸡外周血T细胞亚型变化和细胞因子转录的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为探讨禽呼肠病毒(ARV)对SPF鸡外周血淋巴细胞中CD4+、CD8+T细胞数量变化和细胞因子mRNA转录水平的影响,利用流式细胞术和实时荧光定量PCR方法分别测定了ARV感染后1、7、14、21、28、35d感染组和对照组SPF鸡外周血淋巴细胞中CD4+、CD8+T细胞含量和细胞因子IL-1β、IL-6、IL-17、IL-18、IFN-γ、TNF-α基因mRNA相对转录时相。流式细胞术检测结果表明,SPF鸡感染ARV后7d和14dCD4+、CD8+T细胞比值高于对照组,其中感染7d,CD8+T细胞含量差异显著(P0.05);感染后1、21、28、35d感染组CD4+、CD8+T细胞比值均低于对照组,感染1d后CD4+、CD8+T细胞含量均差异显著(P0.05),说明外周血T细胞亚型变化是ARV感染的重要表现之一。实时荧光定量PCR结果表明,与对照组相比,感染组外周血淋巴细胞中IL-1β、IL-6(除7d外)、IL-18(除14d外)和TNF-α在整个感染过程中表达上调,IL-17和IFN-γ除感染1d外,均表达下调,说明IL-1β、IL-6、IL-17、IL-18、IFN-γ和TNF-α均参与了ARV的感染进程。 相似文献
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SARS灭活疫苗的实验免疫初步研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
观察 SARS灭活疫苗在实验动物体内的免疫效果 ,初步探讨 SARS灭活疫苗的免疫机理。方法 :利用 Vero E6细胞培养 SARS病毒 ,加入甲醛将其灭活 ,以此为抗原 ,筛选合适佐剂 ,制定合理的免疫程序 ,分别免疫 BAL B/ c小鼠、C57BL/ 6J小鼠及 SD大鼠 ,免疫后每两周采外周血一次 ,用流式细胞仪测外周血 CD4 、CD8 ,计算淋巴细胞总数。同时用 EL ISA法及中和抗体法测定抗 SARS冠状病毒 Ig G抗体的水平。结果显示 :与对照组比较 ,SARS灭活疫苗进行免疫后的实验动物外周血淋巴细胞的百分比计数、CD4 / CD8 T淋巴细胞之间的比值随着时间的变化均有不同程度的增长 ;Ig G中和抗体水平达到 1∶ 2 560 ,EL ISA抗体水平达到 1∶40 960。表明 SARS灭活疫苗可以有效刺激实验动物体内 T淋巴细胞、B淋巴细胞的活化过程 ,能成功诱导细胞免疫和体液免疫 ;SARS灭活疫苗同时还具有较强的免疫原性 ,可刺激实验动物产生具有免疫保护作用的特异性 Ig G抗体 相似文献
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Fernando A. Muoz Sergio Estrada-Parra Andres Romero-Rojas Thierry M. Work Erik Gonzalez-Ballesteros Iris Estrada-Garcia 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2009,131(3-4):211-217
To understand the role of the immune system with respect to disease in reptiles, there is the need to develop tools to assess the host's immune response. An important tool is the development of molecular markers to identify immune cells, and these are limited for reptiles. We developed a technique for the cryopreservation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and showed that a commercially available anti-CD3 epsilon chain antibody detects a subpopulation of CD3 positive peripheral blood lymphocytes in the marine turtle Chelonia mydas. In the thymus and in skin inoculated with phytohemagglutinin, the same antibody showed the classical staining pattern observed in mammals and birds. For Western blot, the anti-CD3 antibodies identified a 17.6 kDa band in membrane proteins of peripheral blood mononuclear cell compatible in weight to previously described CD3 molecules. This is the first demostration of CD3+ cells in reptiles using specific antibodies. 相似文献
19.
作者通过研究重组红火蚁毒素蛋白Solenopsis invictaⅣ (SoliⅣ)对兔及外周血淋巴细胞的影响,探讨红火蚁毒素蛋白致病机制。通过分离兔外周血淋巴细胞进行培养,经不同浓度的重组红火蚁毒素蛋白SoliⅣ分别和细菌脂多糖(LPS)、刀豆蛋白(ConA)共同刺激后,MTT法测定淋巴细胞的增殖情况;体内试验:用重组蛋白SoliⅣ从兔背部皮下注入,观察兔的临床反应,定期采血,用ELISA方法测定兔血清中白介素 4(IL-4)和总IgE的变化。重组红火蚁毒素蛋白SoliⅣ浓度为25、50、75 μg/ml和LPS共刺激时,与单独LPS刺激对照组相比,淋巴细胞增殖活性显著增高(P<0.05);浓度为15、25、50、75 μg/ml和ConA共刺激时,与单独ConA刺激对照组比较,淋巴细胞增殖活性显著增高(P<0.05);重组SoliⅣ过敏兔的血清中IL-4和总IgE的水平升高,在20 h左右达到最高值。试验结果表明,一定浓度的重组红火蚁毒素蛋白SoliⅣ能引起体外培养的T、B淋巴细胞增殖,过敏体质兔在重组红火蚁毒素蛋白SoliⅣ刺激后能引起Ⅰ型变态反应。 相似文献
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A. Kol M.M. Christopher K.A. Skorupski D. Tokarz W. Vernau 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2013,42(1):40-46
A 7‐year‐old male castrated Jack Russell Terrier was presented to the oncology service at the University of California–Davis Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital for evaluation of suspected lymphoma. The dog had several enlarged lymph nodes and moderate lymphocytosis. Aspirates of an enlarged inguinal lymph node contained a bimorphic population of large immature lymphocytes and smaller cells with plasmacytoid features. Both cell types often contained a single large cytoplasmic inclusion that varied from clear to pale pink to sky blue. Cytologic changes were interpreted as most consistent with lymphoid neoplasia. Based on the predominantly mature cell morphology and some morphologic heterogeneity, the peripheral lymphocytosis was interpreted as most likely reactive in nature. However, the immunophenotype of the cells (CD20+, CD21+, CD79a+, MUM‐1+, and MHCII+) and clonality assays showed that tissue and blood lymphocytes were neoplastic B cells with clonal identity despite their different morphologic appearances. The cytoplasmic inclusions were positive with periodic acid‐Schiff and were immunoreactive for IgM and IgG. By transmission electron microscopy, inclusions consisted of aberrant rough endoplasmic reticulum; a few small Russell bodies were also noted. A final diagnosis of high‐grade B‐cell lymphoma with plasmacytoid differentiation, atypical cytoplasmic inclusions, and secondary leukemia was made. Chemotherapy was initiated, but the dog was euthanized due to severe and uncontrolled seizures 9 months after the initial diagnosis. This case extends the morphologic repertoire of canine plasmacytoid neoplasms and emphasizes their continuum with multicentric lymphoma. This case also demonstrates the need for advanced diagnostic techniques in establishing blood involvement in lymphoma in some instances. 相似文献