亚洲型舞毒蛾的羽化和生殖行为节律

为了探究亚洲型舞毒蛾(Lymantria dispar asiatica)的羽化和生殖昼夜节律,在自然光周期和温湿度条件下对亚洲型舞毒蛾成虫的羽化、求偶、交配及产卵行为进行了观察,并利用触角电位反应测定了处女雌蛾性信息素的合成量与日龄之间的关系。结果表明:亚洲型舞毒蛾雌蛾在化蛹后11 d,雄蛾在化蛹后12 d分别出现羽化高峰;雌雄蛾的羽化行为均发生在光期前2 h(02:00)至暗期3 h(21:00),雄蛾羽化高峰期为光期6 h(09:00),较雌蛾(11:00)提前2 h。雌蛾羽化约2 h后开始求偶,1日龄雌蛾的求偶率随时间的推移逐渐上升,而其他日龄的雌蛾仅在光周期开始后的1 h内求偶率降至当日最低(75%),其余时间达到或接近100%;2日龄雌蛾体内的性信息素合成量最高,以后逐日下降。成虫羽化当日即可交尾,室内交尾高峰期发生在光期11 h(14:00)左右,次高峰出现在暗期6 h(00:00)。产卵高峰期发生在光期3 h(06:00)左右,次高峰出现在暗期2 h(20:00)。综上可见,亚洲型舞毒蛾成虫的羽化和生殖行为存在明显的昼夜节律。     

昆嵛山部分鳞翅目昆虫资源调查

对昆嵛山鳞翅目蝶类昆虫和夜蛾科、螟蛾科、天蛾科昆虫资源进行了初步的采集与鉴定。结果表明,蝶类昆虫共计6科,19属,21种;夜蛾科昆虫共计22属,28种;螟蛾科昆虫共计8属,11种;天蛾科昆虫共计10属,10种。结合目前昆嵛山昆虫资源状况,提出了调查研究、开发与害虫监测防治等建议。     

绿盲蝽对不同波段光谱选择性的初步测定

采用昆虫行为学方法,在室内初步测定了绿盲蝽对350～750 nm波段内9个不同的单色光谱的趋性差异。结果表明：波长为400 nm和450 nm的光谱对绿盲蝽成虫的引诱效果最佳;绿盲蝽成虫羽化时间的长短对其趋光性没有显著性影响。     

抗菌肽控制植物病害研究进展及展望

总结了抗菌肽（AMPs）的研究概况,分析了转抗菌肽基因植物以及昆虫抗菌肽控制植物病原真菌的研究进展,展望了其研究趋势,可为开发利用可控制植物病害的抗菌肽提供参考。     

昆虫性信息素研究综述

介绍了昆虫性信息素领域所取得的成就。并综述了昆虫性信息素的化学结构特征,化学通讯系统,昆虫性信息素结构测定的常规方法以及性信息素在虫情预测、诱杀防治、干扰交配防治和配合治虫等方面的实用价值和应用前景。     

Assessing changes in forest fragmentation following infestation using time series Landsat imagery

The current epidemic of mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) in British Columbia, Canada, has impacted an area of over 13 million hectares presenting a considerable challenge to provincial forest resource managers. Remote sensing technologies offer a highly effective tool to monitor this impact due to very large areas involved and its ability to detect dead and dying tree crowns. Conventionally, change detection procedures based upon spectral values have been applied; however, analysis of landscape pattern changes associated with long-time series change detection approaches present opportunities for the generation of unique and ecologically important information. This study is focussed on the detection and monitoring of the shape and area characteristics of lodgepole pine stands during mountain pine beetle infestation to quantify the progression of forest fragmentation and related loss of landscape connectivity. A set of landscape pattern indices were applied to a set of images consisting of six Landsat satellite images spanning the period from 1993 to 2006. Our results indicate that the impacts of the mountain pine beetle infestation on forest spatial pattern consist of an increase in the number of patches, an increase in forest patch shape complexity, a reduction in forest patch size, an increase in forest patch isolation, and a decrease in interspersion. These findings demonstrate the unique information available from long-time series satellite imagery combined with pattern analysis to better understand the combined effects of insect infestation and forest salvage and harvesting.     

Arthropod populations and rice yields in direct-seeded and transplanted lowland rice in West Africa

Studies were conducted on the effect of pruning time, host age, urediniospore release and weather parameters on the incidence and intensity of mulberry leaf rust (Peridiopsora mori). Rust severity significantly increased with increasing shoot age, irrespective of pruning time. Maximum disease severity was observed in plants pruned during the third week of October, and minimum severity in plants pruned during last week of November. Apparent infection rate was higher in younger shoots. Infection rate was higher in plants pruned during the last week of November. Urediniospore release was influenced by prevailing climatic conditions. A higher rate of spore release was noticed during sunny days. Maximum spore release was found between 12.00 h and 14.00 h. Spore release was positively correlated with temperature and negatively correlated with relative humidity. Rust severity (34.97%) was higher in January and least (1.03%) during May. Rust severity was negatively correlated with both temperature and rainfall. An exponential model was developed for the prediction of rust severity which was accurate up to 96.60%.     

不同目数防虫网覆盖对不结球白菜生长及防虫效果的影响

以不结球白菜品种上海鸡毛菜为试材,采用20、40、60目3种不同目数防虫网覆盖栽培．研究不同目数防虫网对不结球白菜生长及防虫效果的影响。试验结果表明,与露地栽培相比。不同目数防虫网覆盖对虫害阻隔效果明显,其中40、60目防虫网防虫效果较好,对小菜蛾、菜青虫、黄曲条跳甲、菜蚜和烟粉虱的防治效果均达90％以上：从生长情况来看,覆盖60目防虫网上海鸡毛菜生长速度最快,覆盖40目防虫网产量最高,达1033．8kg／667m2。     

试论昆虫种群调查中的两级抽样方法

本文阐述了两级抽样在昆虫种群调查中的应用价值,探讨了简化抽样过程的方法,并推导出不同条件下的两级抽样理论抽样数公式。     

石榴园昆虫群落结构及多样性研究

对河南科技学院石榴园昆虫群落结构及其多样性进行了调查研究。共发现了22种昆虫,分属于7目14科。其中r类昆虫在数量上一直处于优势地位,优势种4月份为龟蜡蚧(Ceroplastes floridensisComstock),5月份为棉蚜(Aphis gossypiiGlover)。