内蒙古水土流失现状与治理对策

本文详述了内蒙古自治区水土流失类型、程度、面积和治理现状 ,总结了水土流失治理经验 ,并提出了新时期水土流失防治战略思想和治理对策     

内蒙古大兴安岭林火与气象因子关系研究

基于内蒙古大兴安岭1990—2019年森林火灾历史档案和同期气象因子的数据,对该地区林火与气象因子间的相关性进行了研究。结果表明,林火发生与气象因子间的关系密切。林火发生次数随着温度的升高和降水的减少呈上升趋势;研究区日均相对湿度范围在58%~62%,火灾发生次数最多;林火发生次数与日照时数、日均温、日最高温间均呈显著正相关;过火面积与日均相对湿度间呈显著负相关,与日照时数间呈显著正相关。     

Establishment and early growth characteristics of six Paulownia genotypes for goat browse in Raleigh, NC, USA

Meat goat production in the eastern USA is increasing as a result of growing demand from various ethnic groups. Because goats naturally prefer a high proportion of browse in their diets, research was initiated to investigate various silvopastoral production systems. The genus Paulownia contains several species which exhibit rapid juvenile growth and other characteristics that justify research into their potential use in meat goat feeding systems. In May 1997, six Paulownia genotypes were planted in a randomized complete block experiment with six replications. Trees were between 6 and 12 cm in height at planting. Genotypes included: P. fortunei seedlings, P. tomentosa seedlings, P. elongata seedlings and three P. elongata clones. Each 4-m wide plot contained a single row of 12 trees with an intra-row spacing of 1 m. Plant measurements included height, root collar diameter (RCD) at 3 cm above soil surface, and the number of main branches. Leaf samples were collected from all six replications for estimates of herbage quality. During 1998, trees were browsed with goats on two occasions to assess palatability of the herbage and to determine any preference for specific genotypes by the animals. Compared with seedling trees of all three species, the three P. elongata clones were taller (clones: 79.7 cm, seedlings: 55.9 cm; P < 0.01), had larger RCDs (clones: 18.4 mm, seedlings: 13.9 mm; P < 0.01) and had a higher branching frequency (clones: 4.9, seedlings: 1.5; P < 0.01) by the end of the first growing season. Mortality averaged 4.8% across all treatments and ranged between 0 and 8%. Early in the 1998 growing season before trees were browsed, P. elongata clones grew more rapidly than seedlings (clones: 116.4 cm, seedlings: 84.1 cm; P < 0.01). Estimates of herbage quality indicated favorable concentrations of energy and protein for lamina. In vitro true dry matter disappearance ranged from 85.4 (blades) to 71.5% (petioles) and crude protein from 25.1 (blades) to 4.9% (petioles). Animals readily browsed the lamina during two separate sessions, but no clear preference trends were observed among the different Paulownia genotypes.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

沙柳的材性对刨花板生产工艺的影响

论述了沙柳的材性对刨花板生产工艺和产品质量的影响，并根据分析结果讨论了目前沙柳刨花板的生产工艺，测试了沙柳刨花板的物理力学性能，针对测试结果提出了改善刨花极性能的措施。     

内蒙古贺兰山大型真菌资源现状及开发建议

文章根据2012年真菌科学考察采集到的标本,根据传统分类学方法,对内蒙古贺兰山真菌资源状况进行了鉴定.研究结果显示:研究区共有真菌262种,隶属于7目27科79属,真菌多样性丰富;其中食用菌占全部真菌种类的一半以上,药用菌和毒菌资源分别占24.81%和15.27%.最后对开发真菌资源给出了建议.     

间伐强度对兴安落叶松林林下植被多样性及生物量的影响

研究了间伐强度对兴安落叶松林林下植物多样性和生物量的影响,为确定兴安落叶松林分的最佳采伐强度提供理论依据。以兴安落叶松林为研究对象,设置4种间伐强度(10%、20%、30%、40%)和对照的试验固定样地,对间伐5 a后各样地林下灌草多样性和生物量进行调查分析。结果表明:1)抚育间伐可以明显提高林下植物种类、Menhinick丰富度指数、Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数和Pielou均匀度指数,各层均以40%间伐强度最大,而生态优势度指数则呈递减趋势(P <0.05);2)适当加大间伐强度对林分林下植被层和枯落物层生物量具有促进作用,均以间伐强度30%为优(P <0.05);3)综上所述,在30%～40%的间伐强度下,兴安落叶松林林下植被多样性和生物量最高,林分质量最佳。     

浅谈京津风沙源治理工程对内蒙古构筑祖国北方生态防线的认识

内蒙古自治区提出"把内蒙古建设成祖国北方重要的生态防线"的目标,经过京津风沙源工程的综合治理,生态恶化的趋势基本得到有效控制,原有植被得到了有效保护和恢复,沙源工程区已由最初的沙源加强区变为减弱区,绿色生态屏障功能日益显现。森林覆盖率增幅在内蒙古自治区实施的全国六大林业重点工程中是最高的,京津风沙源取得了显著的生态、经济和社会效益;同时,内蒙古自治区大部分处于干旱和半干旱地区,自然条件恶劣,生态建设的难度较大,构筑祖国北疆绿色生态屏障,任务艰巨,责任重大。     

内蒙古大兴安岭林区森林旅游业现状与发展对策

旅游业是前景广阔的朝阳产业,森林旅游业是其中的重要组成部分。同时,森林旅游业也是未来林业发展的支柱产业之一。内蒙古大兴安岭林区风光秀丽,山峦逶迤,河流密布,林海茫茫,是不可多得的森林旅游胜地。因此,加强内蒙古大兴安岭林区森林旅游业的开发势在必行。     

遥感植被指数在重点国有林区“三总量”伐区检查中的应用研究——以对鹤立林业局的研究为例

以鹤立林业局为研究区域,以2007年"三总量"检查的TM遥感判读区划结果和抽样现地检查结果为基础资料,分析了同期遥感数据之间、不同年份遥感数据之间采伐地块的植被指数变化,以及不同采伐方式和不同采伐强度与植被指数变化的关系,为利用遥感数据进行"三总量"检查进行了有益的探索和实践。     

徐州山地森林生态质量评价研究

利用徐州山地森林标准地调查数据,从森林结构与功能和森林健康状况2个方面来构建森林生态质量评价指标体系,采用层次分析法、等级评分法、加权综合指数法来评价徐州山地森林生态质量状况。结果表明：无论是森林结构与功能还是健康状况,森林生态质量都是天然林好于混交林,混交林好于人工林;徐州山地森林生态质量等级好、中、差所占的比重大小悬殊,其中质量等级为差的所占比重最大,说明了徐州山地提高森林生态质量还有很大的潜力。