MDV-gB重组痘苗病毒诱导的免疫保护性试验

用MDV-gB重组痘苗病毒RVV-gB，HVT冻干苗、痘苗病毒WR株分别按试验程序，对细胞免疫及体液免疫检测试验中的1日龄SPF鸡进行免疫接种，并于15日龄对各组小鸡攻GA株强毒，后经过IFA检测抗体，以及以PHA为有丝分裂原检测淋巴C转化。结果表明，重组病毒和HVT冻干苗均获得较高保护，体液免疫差异不显著；细胞免疫在攻毒前差异不显著，但攻毒后第2d开始，RVV-gB组淋巴细胞转化率明显高于HVT冻干苗。?     

补益方剂对机体免疫功能的影响(综述)

从非特异性免疫功能、细胞免疫、体液免疫三个方面,综述了常用近20个中兽医补益方剂对机体免疫功能影响的研究概况。并从四个方面探讨了补养方剂调整机体免疫功能的作用机制。     

微小隐孢子虫CP15/60-DNA滴鼻免疫小鼠诱导的粘膜与系统免疫反应

为了观察微小隐孢子虫表面蛋白基因的重组质粒 pc DNA3- 15 /6 0诱导机体产生的免疫应答情况 ,用重组质粒经鼻粘膜接种 BAL B/c小鼠 ,采用淋巴细胞转化实验、流式细胞仪、EL ISA和免疫组化染色法检测了其诱导的系统和粘膜免疫反应 ,并在免疫后经口接种微小隐孢子虫卵囊。结果为免疫小鼠淋巴细胞增殖反应二免后 SI均大于 2 (P<0 .0 1) ;免疫后 ,CD+ 4 T细胞增加了 (32 .4 2± 2 .19) % (P>0 .5 ) ,CD+ 8T细胞增加了(2 6 .73± 3.33) % (P<0 .5 ) ;小肠粘膜 Ig A分泌型浆细胞数增加了 94 .3± 6 .3;血清中 Ig G和小肠液中 Ig A滴度分别提高了 0 .6 8± 0 .0 6和 0 .77± 0 .0 5 (P<0 .0 1) ;实验组小鼠排出卵囊减少了 2 .2倍 ,排卵时间缩短了4 .5 d(P<0 .5 )。研究表明重组质粒诱导机体产生多种免疫反应 ,并且产生了保护力     

2种不同无色孔雀石绿单克隆抗体的制备

【目的】制备无色孔雀石绿(LMG)单克隆抗体,并分析其生物学特性,为建立LMG残留的免疫学检测方法奠定基础。【方法】通过改进的碳二亚胺法制备无色孔雀石绿-牛血清白蛋白偶联物(LMG-BSA)与副品红-牛血清白蛋白偶联物(PA-BSA),用紫外扫描、质谱法方法鉴定偶联物。利用制备的LMG-BSA与PA-BSA作为免疫原,免疫4~5周龄Balb/c小鼠,用杂交瘤技术制备LMG单克隆抗体,并对其效价、亲和力、灵敏度和特异性等进行分析。【结果】LMG-BSA与PA-BSA的偶联比率分别为7∶1和37∶1;经间接酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法筛选,由LMG-BSA和PA-BSA抗原各获得1株杂交瘤细胞,分别命名为L-1、P-1。这2株细胞株分泌的单克隆抗体纯化后,经测定效价分别为1.25×105和6.25×106,亲和力常数分别为4.92×109和1.44×108L/mol,半抑制质量浓度(IC50)分别达8.03和10.5μg/L。L-1分泌的单克隆抗体仅与孔雀石绿存在交叉反应,交叉反应率为100%;P-1分泌的单克隆抗体与孔雀石绿及副品红均存在交叉反应,交叉反应率分别为80%与100%。【结论】成功获得了2株LMG单克隆抗体,其均可用于水产品中LMG残留的快速检测。     

抑制素基因免疫对黄牛孪生的影响

为增强肉牛的繁殖力,应用本实验室构建的抑制素真核融合表达质粒pCISI,提纯后辅以不同的免疫佐剂注入96头母黄牛体内,采用AMI-900兽用B超对其中84头发情牛进行卵泡检测,并对其中78头妊娠牛进行早期胚胎数目检测。结果发现:抑制素质粒pCISI能促进双大卵泡发育(80.95%,68/84),诱发排双卵(60.71%,51/84),诱导黄牛孪生(41.03%,32/78);普鲁卡因佐剂(48.78%)比脂质体(32.43%)效果明显。研究表明,抑制素基因免疫能有效提高黄牛的繁殖率。     

激光对鸡的核酸和γ-球蛋白影响的研究 (“激光对鸡免疫力影响的研究”之一)

用CO_2激光处理孵化前的来航鸡种蛋,孵化后的鸡与未受激光照射的鸡在相同条件下饲养。在不同的生长期测定肝脏的RNA、DNA的含量和血清中γ-球蛋白的含量。结果是RNA、DND含量照射组与对照组看不出有何变化,而γ-球蛋白则有较明显的提高。这说明CO_2激光对核酸代谢活动无明显影响;但对鸡的免疫机能则有较明显的促进作用。     

不同锌源高锌日粮对肉羊血液指标和免疫功能的影响

研究了以硫酸锌和氧化锌为锌源的高锌日粮对肉羊血液指标和免疫功能影响。结果表明,添加200 mg/kg硫酸锌和400 mg/kg氧化锌对肉羊的日增重有明显促进作用,对血液指标无显著影响,对免疫功能具有强化作用。上述强化作用不再随剂量的增加而再度强化,提示了合理添加饲粮锌的必要性。     

Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Haemonchus contortus infections in light bodyweight Merino lambs

OBJECTIVE; To show that low bodyweight is a predisposing cause of high Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Haemonchus contortus burdens and egg counts in Merino lambs. DESIGN: A comparison was made, among lambs of different bodyweights, on the effect on immunity of a primary or secondary viable infection with T colubriformis or H contortus larvae. PROCEDURE: Sixty-one Merino lambs, 1 or 6 months of age, were penned indoors and given primary, or both primary and secondary, infection of T colubriformis or H contortus. Faecal egg counts, worm counts and parasite-specific immunoglobulin concentrations were examined for their relationships with bodyweight. RESULTS: Bodyweight at the start of a primary infection was correlated with worm burden, worm fecundity and jejunal IgA antibody concentration. Merino lambs weighing less than 23 kg at the time of first exposure to T colubriformis or H contortus had impaired ability to develop protective mucosal immunity and to resist homologous challenge. CONCLUSION: If the goal is to ensure that lambs develop immunity before weaning, then every endeavour should be made to achieve the combination of critical bodyweight and exposure to moderate levels of nematode infection as soon as possible.     

日本对虾血清凝集素及其免疫作用的初步研究

用日本对虾（Penaeus japonicus)亲虾的血清与11株弧菌和7种脊椎动物的红细胞进行凝集反应实验，其中，溶藻弧菌HW283的凝集效价最高，达4096，而产气弧菌和海蛹弧菌的凝集效价最低，仅为8；与红细胞的凝集结果显示，对虾血清与大白鼠，小白鼠，豚鼠的红细胞反应较强，与鸡、人、山羊、兔的红细胞反应较弱，表明日本对虾血清中存在自然凝集素，养成期的日本对虾经弧菌菌苗免疫后，对该致病菌株的抵抗力获得提高，病原感染组，对照组和菌苗免疫组的对虾血清分析对豚鼠，大白鼠和小白鼠红细胞的凝集强度皆为感染组＞对照组＞免疫组。     

The immune response of turbot, Scophthalmus maximus (L.), skin to high water temperature

The immune responses of mucus from the skin of turbot, Scophthalmus maximus, were studied in relation to changing water temperature. Groups of fish were exposed to a programmed increase of 3 °C per 48 h, until the experimental water temperatures of 16, 20, 23, 25, 27 or 28 °C were reached. After 48 h at the relevant temperature, the expressions of immune‐related factors were determined, including immunoglobulin M (IgM), IL‐1β, hepcidin, transferrin, lysozyme, acid/alkaline phosphatase and superoxide dismutase using RT–PCR and spectrophotometric methods. Significant changes in mucus immunity were observed, which paralleled with those previously reported for serum in other fish species. Hence, it is suggested that the serum and mucus immune system of turbot have a similar regulatory system. This information could be useful in better understanding the role of the mucus as a component of the innate immune system.