小安溪小流域治理突出生物过滤带建设效果好

在小安溪小流域综合治理中,合川市树立生态优先、科学防治的理念,将水土流失治理与生物过滤带建设以及溪河水质保护、生态观光旅游有机地结合起来,取得了较好的效果。     

Two new glycosidated coumaramides from Clerodendron cyrtophyllum

Two new glycosidated coumaramides clerodendiod A (1) and B (2), together with seven known glycosidic compounds were isolated from the branches of Clerodendron cyrtophyllum Turcz. Clerodendiod A and B were elucidated as β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-[6-O-(E)-p-methoxycinnamoyl]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-[4-O-((E)-2-(4-acetamidobutylcarbamoyl)vinyl)-phenyl]-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (1) and 6-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-[6-O-(E)-p-methoxycinnamoyl]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-[4-O-((E)-2-(4-acetamidobutylcarbamoyl)vinyl)-phenyl]-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (2) on the basis of chemical and spectral evidence. The isolated new compound 2 was assayed for the inhibition of the NF-κB pathway and showed potent activity in inhibiting NF-κB which its IC₅₀ values was found to be 24.9 nM.     

辽宁省海岸带木本植物属的分布区类型与地理成分分析

通过对辽宁省海岸带1 km内木本植物进行的统计,确定该区域共有木本植物40科75属127种,隶属于中国种子植物在世界上属的15个大分布区类型中的13个分布类型,占86.7%,说明辽宁省海岸带木本植物属的分布十分丰富,其中温带分布类型在辽宁省海岸带中占绝对优势,达65%以上;而热带分布仅占一定的比例,为20.0%。分析表明辽宁省海岸带温带性质占主导成分,同时具有明显的热带性质,起源古老。     

蚯蚓提取物抗肿瘤作用的实验研究

目的:探讨蚯蚓提取物对Eca-109细胞生长抑制作用及机制.方法:应用四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)比色分析,流式细胞仪测定细胞凋亡,细胞周期及检测小鼠体内肿瘤质量.结果:蚯蚓提取物成分Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ中,只有大、中剂量(900,450 mg·L-1)成分Ⅱ对Eca-109细胞有明显的抑制作用,300,600 mg·L-1灌胃对小鼠肿瘤有明显的抑制作用.细胞检测有凋亡细胞出现,细胞被阻滞在G0-G1期,DNA合成受阻故使肿瘤细胞受抑制,肿瘤体积缩小.结论:蚯蚓提取物成分Ⅱ对肿瘤细胞增殖有明显的抑制作用,主要通过细胞凋亡和肿瘤细胞受阻于G0-G1期,使DNA合成减少.     

Spatial variability of short-term effect of tillage on soil penetration resistance

The effect of tillage on soil properties varies within field due to spatial variability of soils. Mapping changes of soil penetration resistance (PR) would be useful to understand and assess tillage practices to alleviate soil compaction. The objectives were to model the short-term effect of tillage on PR and its spatial structure, and to delineate homogeneous zones based on soil response in a Typic Argiudoll previously managed under no-till. A grid sampling for PR and soil water content (SWC) were performed before and after chiselling. Spatial analysis was performed on the effect of tillage on PR data by 10 cm layers and homogeneous zones were delineated by k-means cluster analysis. The effect of tillage was ?0.33 MPa in 10–20 and 20–30 cm layer. No differences of PR were found at 0–10 cm. Short range (5–7 m) spatial structure on the horizontal plane was observed in all layers. Only 45% of the field showed a marked effect of tillage on PR. Mapping the effect of tillage on PR would be a useful approach for evaluating the global and local response of soil to tillage, as well as for delineating of areas within field for site-specific tillage practices.     

Does Salinity Inhibit Alfalfa Leaf Growth by Reducing Tissue Concentration of Essential Mineral Nutrients?

The increased salinity of arid and semi-arid lands has become a problem of great concern in agriculture. The possibility that the inhibition of leaf growth in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) growing under saline conditions may be associated with a reduction in ion concentration in the leaf was investigated. Seeds of alfalfa cv. Buraimi were sown in PVC cylinders filled with loamy sand and arranged in large pots embedded in the soil with the rim just above the soil surface. This arrangement simulated plants grown under field conditions. Seedlings were irrigated with saline (12.2 dS m−1) and nutrient solutions (full strength or 20 times dilution) twice weekly. After 6 weeks the plants were harvested and separated into roots, stem and leaves. The leaves were further separated into lamina and petioles and analysed for the major and minor nutrient elements. Salinization significantly reduced the fresh weights of the roots, stem and leaves as well as the concentration of N, K, Ca and Mg in the leaf tissue. With the exception of Cu concentration, which was enhanced by salinity, all the micronutrients (B, Zn, Mn and Fe) had reduced concentrations in the leaves of salinized alfalfa. The application of an external nutrient solution, especially the full-strength solution, produced an increase in leaf growth and leaf nutrient element concentration. On the basis of these results it was concluded that reduced leaf nutrient concentration may be one of the primary causes of the inhibition of leaf growth that was characteristic of alfalfa growing under salinity stress.     

4种微量元素对水稻白叶枯病菌生长的影响

设计０、０．００１、０．０１、０．１、１、５、１０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ７种浓度,研究了Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ、Ｚｎ、Ｂ４种微量元素对水稻白叶枯病（Ｘａｎｔｈｏｍｏｎａｓｏ－ｒｙｚａｅｐｖ．ｏｒｙｘａｅ,简称（Ｘｏｏ）生长的影响,结果表明：不同微量元素在不同浓度对Ｘｏｏ生长具有不同的影响效果。Ｃｕ抑制效果最强,在０．１ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ时即有较强的抑制作用。５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ时完全抑制Ｘｏ的生长;其次为Ｆｅ、在０．１和１ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ时,只对Ｘｏ的生长后期有抑制作用,对生长初期有些刺激作用,但到５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ时则有很好的抑制效果;再次为Ｚｎ,在１和５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ时,只对Ｘｏ的生长初期略有抑制作用,对生长后期有些刺激作用,高达１０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ时才表现明显的抑制作用;Ｂ在低浓度时对Ｘｏ的生长无影响,而在５和１０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ时则表现为刺激作用。     

生防菌BS-315对苹果斑点落叶病菌的防治作用

[目的]研究生防菌BS-315对苹果斑点落叶病菌（Alternaria mali）的抑菌活性、在苹果叶片上的定殖能力以及一些化学农药对生防菌的影响。[方法]采集松本锦苹果健叶,进行离体叶片试验、定殖试验,并进行不同农药对生防菌的影响试验。[结果]枯草芽孢杆菌BS-315对苹果斑点落叶病菌表现出较强的抑制作用,在叶片上涂抹菌体1 d后接病原菌,3 d后抑制效果在90%以上。BS-315能够在松本锦苹果叶片中定殖,定殖量在接种3 d后最大。4种杀菌剂浓度均为田间使用浓度,其中嘧菌酯和多抗霉素对BS-315的生长有一定的促进作用,而多菌灵和丙环唑则完全抑制BS-315的生长。[结论]该研究可为生防制剂的研发和合理使用提供理论依据。     

紫甘蓝提取物对Cu2+介导的LDL氧化修饰的抑制作用

[目的]研究紫甘蓝花青素对Cu2+介导LDL氧化修饰作用的影响。[方法]选用紫甘蓝,对氧化干预前后低密度脂蛋白REM,TBARS及载脂蛋白羰基含量的抑制效果进行了考察。[结果]结果表明,花青素对Cu2+介导LDL氧化修饰作用具有明显的抑制作用,且呈浓度依赖关系。[结论]紫甘蓝有益于与氧化型低密度脂蛋白相关的心血管疾病患者以及高血脂人群等。     

五种农药对真姬菇菌丝生长影响的初步研究

研究了乙草胺等5种常用农药对真姬菇菌丝生长速率的影响。通过将供试农药按一定浓度梯度加入到PDA培养基中，接种真姬菇茵块，测量茵落的直径，计算出茵丝平均生长速度。并借助统计软件SPSS分析了五种常用农药对真姬菇茵丝生长速度的影响，该结果为进一步研究原材料中的农药残留对真姬菇茵丝生长的影响以及在栽培过程中真姬菇子实体对农药残留的富集或弱化规律打下了良好的基础。