西藏兔病毒性出血症的研究--病原鉴定及疫苗免疫效力试验

１９９４年６￣７月,西藏林芝地区家兔大批急性死亡同,经过流行病学调查,临诊断症状观察,病理剖检等结果与兔病毒性出血症特征相符。进一步作病毒学检查表明,病变组织超薄发切片经电子显微镜观察发现有大量直径约３０ｎｍ的球状裸听病毒粒子,自然病死兔肝组织匀交涉 清能凝集入）型红细胞,而且血凝兔出血症病毒阳性抗血清所抑制,致病性试验结果表明,该病毒对兔有很强的致病性;用西藏自然病死兔肝组织匀浆试制的矩形疫苗兔     

禽流感油乳剂灭活疫苗的研究

将6种不同亚型的禽流感病毒（AIVH2N9、H3N8、H5N1、H5N2、H7N1、H9N2）分别接种鸡胚,收获尿囊液,经甲醛灭活,以矿物油为佐剂制成油乳剂灭活疫苗。疫苗接种4和8周龄SPF鸡,注苗后均无不良反应。每种亚型疫苗免疫后14天和21天攻毒保护率均达90％-100％。分别用H5N1和H9N2亚型灭活疫苗免疫8周龄SPF鸡、25和28周龄健康商品蛋鸡,免疫后7天产生免疫力,14天保护率达100％,21天后抗体达高峰,仔鸡接苗后最高血凝抑制（HI）几何平均滴度（GMT）为7.3-8.0log2,蛋鸡为8.0-10.5log2。免疫后180天,抗体效价不低于6.5log2。免疫后180天分别以AIV攻击,H5亚型疫苗组,用强毒攻击无一发病和死亡,对照鸡全部发病死亡;H9亚型疫苗组,对照鸡在攻毒后72小时停产,免疫鸡无一发病且产蛋正常,对同源攻毒的保护率达100％。     

Comparison of flagellin and an oil-emulsion adjuvant in inactivated Newcastle disease vaccine in stimulation of immunogenic parameters

The present study was designed to investigate the potential application of native (N) and recombinant (truncated modified [tmFliC] and full-length [flFliC]) flagellin proteins along with inactivated Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Fifty six SPF chickens were immunized twice with PBS (control), inactivated NDV (Ag), inactivated NDV/flFliC (AgF), inactivated NDV/tmFliC (AgT), inactivated NDV/N (AgN), commercial vaccine containing Montanide (Vac) and Vac/N (VacN), with a two-week interval. Blood was collected weekly and spleens were harvested after chickens were sacrificed. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrotic factor-α (TNF-α) gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were analyzed by Real-Time PCR. Antibody response was assessed by haemagglutination inhibition (HI). Cellular activity was quantified by MTT assay. Results showed that the most IL-6 and TNF-α gene expression was observed in AgF group (P < 0.01). The lowest gene expression among vaccinated groups was observed in Ag group for IL-6 and Ag and Vac group for TNF-α. The highest HI titer was observed in Vac, VacN, AgF and AgT groups. The AgF group showed the highest cellular activity (P < 0.01). In conclusion, flagellin-adjuvanted groups showed a pro-inflammatory effect and acted similarly to or better than the Vac group. Hence, flagellin can be proposed as a potential adjuvant for ND vaccine.     

高致病性PRRSV浓缩灭活疫苗的研制及免疫效果

[目的]研制高致病性PRRSV浓缩灭活疫苗。[方法]分别以病毒液、病毒浓缩液作为抗原,以甲醛、β-丙内酯为灭活剂,制成A、B、C、D 4种灭活疫苗,进行物理性状和无菌检验,安全检验合格后,与商品疫苗E进行免疫效果比较。[结果]4种疫苗均有良好的安全性。免疫后35 d,未浓缩抗原的A、C疫苗及商品疫苗E组抗体均未阳转,浓缩抗原的B、D疫苗组抗体阳转率分别达到80%和100%。[结论]浓缩病毒液制成的灭活疫苗比未浓缩病毒液制成的灭活疫苗及商品疫苗具有较好的免疫效果。     

家畜伊氏锥虫灭活苗制备及免疫研究观察

4种佐剂制备的伊氏锥虫灭活苗，通过小鼠免疫筛选试验，发现Ⅳ号佐剂苗安全性好，免疫原性强，ES抗原在免疫保护中起重要作用。用Ⅳ号佐剂制备的湖北、江苏、广西株伊氏锥虫灭活苗，通过小鼠和家兔2次免疫，对同株虫体的攻击小鼠分别获得20／20、12／12和20／20的保护，并耐受第2、第3次攻击，免疫期长达3－5个月以上。家兔获得7／8保护，体重明显增加，中和凝集抗体效价1：10－80倍。对照小鼠、家兔全部发病死亡。     

貉细小病毒细胞培养灭活疫苗的研究

以RPV-H为种毒,按2×10~(-2)接毒量,采用同步接毒的方法,接于猫肾细胞系F_(65)株,于37℃静置培养,待细胞病变(CPE)达到75％以上时,开始收获。经甲醛灭活24h,即为RPV-H细胞培养灭活疫苗。给貉皮下接种2ml/只,间隔14天进行第2次加强免疫,21天可产生免疫力,免疫期可达180天。RPV-H细胞灭活苗10ml给貉皮下接种,无任何不良反应,具有安全性,免疫效果良好。     

Comparison of antibody responses after vaccination with two inactivated rabies vaccines

Thirty laboratory dogs were randomly assigned to two groups (A and B) of 15 dogs and subcutaneously vaccinated with a single dose of one of two commercially available monovalent inactivated rabies vaccines: RABISIN (Merial, France) (group A) and NOBIVAC Rabies (Intervet International) (group B). Rabies antibodies were measured over a period of 4 months using the fluorescent antibody virus neutralization (FAVN) test. The two vaccines performed differently in terms of magnitude and persistence of rabies antibodies titers in dogs. Two weeks after vaccination, average rabies antibody titers peaked at 2.53 IU/mL (range, 0.17-13.77 IU/mL) and 1.26 IU/mL (range, 0.50-4.56 IU/mL) in groups A and B dogs, respectively. The average FAVN antibody titres against rabies on D28, D56, D84, D112 and D120 were significantly higher in group A than in group B. Although all dogs from group B serologically responded to vaccination, the proportion of dogs with antibody titres >or=0.5 IU/mL dropped significantly after D28 and was statistically significantly lower on D56, D84 and D112 compared to group A dogs. In conclusion, in the context of international trade, the choice of the vaccine and the timing of blood tests are critical factors in achieving successful serological test results after rabies vaccination. RABISIN induces high and sustained antibody titres against rabies, increasing the flexibility for the time of blood sampling after primo-vaccination.     

木耳灭活原生质体融合育种研究

以黑木和毛木耳为亲本菌株 ,通过灭活原生质体融合 ,经过初筛和复筛 ,一株新的稳定的木耳高产菌株被选育出来。黑木耳和毛木耳原生质体分别被热灭活 (6 5℃ ,30min)和紫外线灭活 (30W ,30cm ,10min) ,双亲存活率为 3 5× 10 -7～ 3 2× 10 -8。在聚乙二醇诱导下融合继续生存 ,亲本原生质体融合被实现 ,重组频率为4 3× 10 -5。     

鹿魏氏梭菌灭活疫苗的研制

选用免疫性良好的鹿源魏氏梭菌WD0 6和WD1 3研制氢氧化铝灭活疫苗 ,试验表明 ,该疫苗使用安全 ,免疫效果可靠 ,对鹿适宜免疫剂量为 1 50亿菌 ,疫苗免疫期可达 8个月 ,在4℃～ 1 0℃保存有效期为 1 0个月。